Territory of Naphtali
Joshua 19:32-39
Genesis
Exodus
Leviticus
Numbers
Deuteronomy
Joshua
Judges
Ruth
1 Samuel
2 Samuel
1 Kings
2 Kings
1 Chronicles
2 Chronicles
Ezra
Nehemiah
Esther
Job
Psalm
Proverbs
Ecclesiastes
Song
Isaiah
Jeremiah
Lamentations
Ezekiel
Daniel
Hosea
Joel
Amos
Jonah
Micah
Nahum
Habakkuk
Zephaniah
Haggai
Zechariah
Malachi
Matthew
Mark
Luke
John
Acts
Romans
1 Corinthians
2 Corinthians
Galatians
Ephesians
Philippians
Colossians
1 Thessalonians
2 Thessalonians
1 Timothy
2 Timothy
Titus
Philemon
Hebrews
James
1 Peter
2 Peter
1 John
Jude
Revelation
Jos.19.32 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לבני: PREP
- נפתלי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יצא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- הגורל: NOUN,m,sg,def
- הששי: NUM,ord,m,sg,def
- לבני: PREP
- נפתלי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- למשפחתם: PREP,NOUN,f,sg,abs,PRON,3,pl
Parallels
- Joshua 19:1 (verbal): Uses the identical allotment formula (“the lot came out…”) within the same chapter—shows the repeated verbal pattern for tribal land distributions.
- Joshua 18:10 (structural): Describes Joshua casting lots at Shiloh and apportioning the land by clans—same procedure and structural context for the tribal allotments.
- Numbers 26:55 (thematic): Establishes the principle that the land is to be divided by lot among the tribes—provides the legal/theological basis for verses like Josh 19:32.
- Numbers 34:13 (structural): Names the officials (Eleazar and Joshua) and the men commissioned to divide the land—parallels the administrative process behind the tribal allotments recorded in Joshua.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the sixth lot came up for the sons of Naphtali by their families.
- And the sixth lot came up for the sons of Naphtali by their families.
Jos.19.33 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- גבולם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3mp
- מחלף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מאלון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בצעננים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ואדמי: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הנקב: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ויבנאל: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עד: PREP
- לקום: VERB,qal,inf
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- תצאתיו: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Joshua 19:32 (verbal): Immediate continuation of the allotment list for the same tribe (Naphtali); repeats the same place‑names and boundary language, forming a unit with 19:33.
- Joshua 19:34 (structural): Summary/conclusion of the Naphtali allotment in the same chapter; uses the same formulaic language about cities and borders, paralleling the boundary statement in 19:33.
- Joshua 19:31 (structural): Earlier verse in the same section that introduces the towns and villages of Naphtali; provides the same genre of tribal allotment and boundary description that 19:33 continues.
- Judges 1:33 (thematic): Narrative account of the tribe of Naphtali taking possession of its territory; thematically parallels Joshua’s list of towns and boundary claims by describing Naphtali’s occupation and expansion in the same region.
Alternative generated candidates
- And their boundary was from Heleph, from Allon by Zaanannim, Adami‑nekeb, and Jabneel to Lakum; and the goings out of it were to the Jordan.
- And their border was from Heleph, from Alon‑bezaannim, and Adami‑negeb, and Jabneel, unto Lakkum; and its limit was the Jordan.
Jos.19.34 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ושב: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
- הגבול: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ימה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אזנות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- תבור: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויצא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- משם: PREP
- חוקקה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ופגע: CONJ+VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- בזבלון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מנגב: PREP
- ובאשר: CONJ+REL
- פגע: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- מים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- וביהודה: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- מזרח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- השמש: NOUN,f,sg,def
Parallels
- Joshua 19:10-16 (structural): Immediate parallel within the same chapter that gives the allotment and border description for the tribe of Zebulun (same geographic names and boundary markers).
- Judges 4:6-7 (thematic): Mentions Mount Tabor and its environs as a muster/assembly point—connects to the place-name Tabor occurring in the boundary description (geographical context).
- Numbers 34:11-12 (structural): Part of the earlier Mosaic delineation of the land of Canaan; parallels Joshua’s territorial/boundary language and the practice of defining tribal borders.
- Judges 5:18 (thematic): The Song of Deborah references Zebulun (and Naphtali) and their location/role, providing an independent tradition about the tribe and its region tied to northern Israel.
- Ezekiel 48:1-7 (allusion): Ezekiel’s apportionment of the land among the tribes (including northern tribal allotments) echoes the territorial divisions and place-names found in Joshua’s boundary lists.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the border went west to Aznoth‑Tabor, and reached Hukkok, and touched Ziddabar at the waters of Nephtoah; and the border ended at the Jordan, on the slopes of Jericho toward the sunrise.
- And the border turned westward to Aznoth‑Tabor; and from there it went out to Hukkok, and touched Zebulun on the south; and it came to the waters and to the Jordan, toward the rising of the sun.
Jos.19.35 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וערי: NOUN,f,pl,const
- מבצר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הצדים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- צר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וחמת: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- רקת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- וכנרת: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Joshua 19:36 (structural): Immediate continuation of the same town-list for the allotment of Naphtali—picks up other fortified towns closely related to v.35.
- Joshua 19:31-33 (structural): The broader context of Joshua 19's Naphtali allotment; v.35 is one item in this contiguous catalogue of towns and fortified cities.
- Joshua 21:32 (verbal): In the Levitical city lists this verse (and nearby vv.) repeats Naphtali-place names (e.g., Hammoth/Hammath), echoing the same geographical names found in Josh. 19:35.
- Matthew 14:34-36 (allusion): Refers to the region of Gennesaret on the shore of the Sea of Galilee—Gennesaret is the Greek designation for the area around Kinnereth/Chinnereth named in Josh. 19:35.
- Luke 5:1 (allusion): Mentions the lake of Gennesaret (Sea of Galilee); this New Testament toponym corresponds to the Kinnereth/Chinnereth of Joshua 19:35.
Alternative generated candidates
- The fortified cities are Ziddim, Zer, Hamath, Rakkath, and Kinnereth;
- And fortified towns: Ziddim, Tser, Hammath, Rakkath, and Kinnereth.
Jos.19.36 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואדמה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- והרמה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,def
- וחצור: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Joshua 19:27-33 (structural): Immediate context: the same cluster of towns in the allotment of the tribe of Asher; Joshua 19:36 is part of this contiguous list of Asherite towns.
- Judges 1:31-32 (structural): Parallel list of towns associated with the tribe of Asher (including Rehob); Judges emphasizes Asher's failure to drive out the Canaanite inhabitants, providing a historical-theological contrast to the allotment list in Joshua.
- Joshua 11:10-11 (verbal): Earlier narrative reference to Hazor as a major Canaanite city captured and burned by Joshua; connects the place-name 'Hazor' in the allotment list to its prior military and narrative significance.
- Deuteronomy 29:23 (allusion): Mentions 'Admah' among the cities overthrown like Sodom and Gomorrah; while possibly a different site, the recurrence of the name Admah links Joshua's place-name to broader ancient traditions about cities called Admah.
Alternative generated candidates
- Adamah, Ramah, and Hazor;
- And Adama, and Ramah, and Hazor.
Jos.19.37 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וקדש: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואדרעי: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועין: CONJ+NOUN,prop,f,sg,abs
- חצור: NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Joshua 19:24-31 (structural): These verses give the full list of towns in the allotment of Asher; Josh 19:37 (Kedesh, Adreai, Ein‑Hazor) occurs within this contiguous catalogue of place‑names.
- Joshua 20:7 (verbal): Names 'Kedesh in Galilee' as one of the cities of refuge — the same place-name (Kedesh) appears in Josh 19:37.
- Judges 1:31-32 (thematic): Describes Asher's settlement and failure to drive out inhabitants and gives a list of towns in Asher's territory; overlaps with the town‑list tradition reflected in Joshua 19.
- Deuteronomy 3:1-11 (verbal): Records the Amorite city 'Edrei' (the stronghold of Og). Though a different site, the name Edrei/Adreai echoes the אדרעי of Josh 19:37 and shows a verbal/name parallel in biblical toponyms.
Alternative generated candidates
- Kedesh, Edrei, and En‑Hazor;
- And Kedesh, and Edrei, and En‑Hazor.
Jos.19.38 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויראון: VERB,qal,imf,3,mp
- ומגדל: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- חרם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ובית: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,cs
- ענת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ובית: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,cs
- שמש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ערים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- תשע: NUM,card
- עשרה: NUM,card,m,pl
- וחצריהן: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss:3,pl
Parallels
- Joshua 19:34 (verbal): Part of the same contiguous roster of towns in the allotment to the tribe of Naphtali; repeats several of the same place-names and continues the city-list motif.
- Joshua 19:39 (structural): Immediately follows v.38 in the chapter's city-list, completing the enumeration ('nineteen cities and their villages') and showing the unitary structure of the territorial catalogue.
- Judges 1:31 (allusion): Mentions Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath in the context of Naphtali's failure to drive out Canaanite inhabitants—refers to the same place-names found in Joshua's allotment list.
- Joshua 21:32 (thematic): Lists cities in the territory of Naphtali assigned to the Levites; thematically related as another catalog of settlements within the same tribal region.
Alternative generated candidates
- Jiron, Migdal‑el, Horem, Beth‑Anath, and Beth‑Shemesh—nineteen cities with their villages.
- Yiron, and Migdal‑el, Horem, and Beth‑Anath, and Beth‑Shemesh—nineteen cities and their villages.
Jos.19.39 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- זאת: DEM,f,sg
- נחלת: NOUN,f,sg,const
- מטה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- נפתלי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- למשפחתם: PREP,NOUN,f,sg,abs,PRON,3,pl
- הערים: NOUN,f,pl,def
- וחצריהן: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss:3,pl
Parallels
- Joshua 19:32–39 (verbal): Immediate context: the fuller allotment passage listing the towns and villages of the tribe of Naphtali; 19:39 is the closing formula for this tribal inheritance.
- Joshua 21:32 (structural): Lists Levitical cities located in Naphtali (Kedesh, Hammon, Kartan), paralleling the territorial focus on Naphtali's towns and suburbs.
- Judges 4:6 (thematic): Places Barak at Kedesh of Naphtali, reflecting the same geographic territory and its role in Israelite tribal settlement and activity.
- Judges 5:18 (thematic): Deborah’s song pairs Naphtali (with Zebulun) in a tribal-military context, echoing awareness of Naphtali as a distinct territorial tribe with named towns and warriors.
- Deuteronomy 33:23 (thematic): Moses’ blessing of Naphtali evokes the tribe itself and its allotment—complementary material to Joshua’s description of Naphtali’s inheritance.
Alternative generated candidates
- This is the inheritance of the tribe of the sons of Naphtali by their families: these cities and their villages.
- This is the inheritance of the tribe of the sons of Naphtali by their families: the cities and their villages.
And the sixth lot came up for the sons of Naphtali by their families. And their border ran from Heleph and Allon by Zaanannim, and Adami and Jabneel to Lakum; and its boundary reached the Jordan. And the border turned west to Aznoth‑Tabor; from there it went out to Hukkok, and it touched Zebulun on the south, and the Jordan was its eastern limit toward the rising of the sun. And the fortified towns were Ziddim, Zer, Hammath, Rakkath, and Chinnereth. And Adami, and Ramah, and Hazor. And Kedesh, and Edrei, and En‑Hazor. And Jiron, and Migdal‑el, Horem, Beth‑anath, and Beth‑shemesh—nineteen cities with their villages.
This is the inheritance of the tribe of the sons of Naphtali by their families: these cities and their villages.