Unlawful Sexual Relations
Leviticus 18:1-30
Lev.18.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וידבר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- משה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- לאמר: INF,qal,infc
Parallels
- Lev.19.1 (verbal): Same introductory formula—'And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying'—leading into the Holiness Code; a close verbal and structural parallel within Leviticus.
- Lev.20.1 (verbal): Identical formula introducing a subsequent set of commands and penalties; demonstrates the repeated Levitical pattern of divine speech to Moses.
- Num.15.1 (verbal): Uses the same wording ('And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying') to introduce laws about offerings and vows—shows continuity of Mosaic legal instructions across the Pentateuch.
- Exod.20.1 (thematic): 'And God spoke all these words, saying' functions similarly as a divine speech formula introducing commandments; thematically parallels Leviticus 18.1 as an authoritative legal pronouncement from God to Israel (note slight variation in divine name and wording).
Alternative generated candidates
- And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying:
- And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying:
Lev.18.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואמרת: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- אלהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- אני: PRON,1,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Lev.19.2 (verbal): Same introductory formula addressed to Israel — 'Speak to the whole congregation of the people of Israel... I am the LORD your God' (call to holiness and obedience).
- Lev.20.7 (verbal): Repeats the divine self-identification in a parallel exhortation to consecrate and be holy: 'Consecrate yourselves, therefore, and be holy, for I am the LORD your God.'
- Lev.11.44 (verbal): Uses the same phrase 'for I am the LORD your God' as the basis for ritual/ethical instruction (here dietary and purity laws), linking legislation to divine identity and holiness.
- Exod.20.2 (structural): Covenantal preface 'I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt' — the same divine claim functions as the ground for commandments (structurally analogous to Lev.18.2's legal introduction).
Alternative generated candidates
- Speak to the sons of Israel, and you shall say to them: I am the LORD your God.
- Speak to the sons of Israel, and you shall say to them: I am the LORD your God.
Lev.18.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כמעשה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מצרים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- ישבתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- בה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- תעשו: VERB,qal,impv,2,pl
- וכמעשה: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- כנען: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- אני: PRON,1,sg
- מביא: VERB,hiph,ptc,ms,sg
- אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
- שמה: ADV
- לא: PART_NEG
- תעשו: VERB,qal,impv,2,pl
- ובחקתיהם: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,pl,poss3mp
- לא: PART_NEG
- תלכו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Lev.18.4 (structural): Immediate continuation/contrast within the same chapter: commands to follow God's statutes rather than the practices of Egypt or Canaan.
- Lev.20.23 (verbal): Repeats warning not to follow the statutes of the nations (Egypt and Canaan) and links obedience to possession/cleansing of the land.
- Deut.18.9 (thematic): General prohibition against adopting the 'abominable practices' of the inhabitants of the land — same concern about imitating local cultic/sexual customs.
- Deut.12.29-31 (thematic): Warns Israel, upon entering Canaan, not to inquire after the nations' gods or copy their ritual practices — parallel motive and language.
- Exod.34.12-16 (allusion): Commands against making covenants with Canaanites or adopting their gods, lest Israel be led into idolatry — similar prohibition against assimilating local ways.
Alternative generated candidates
- Like the deeds of the land of Egypt, where you dwelt, you shall not do; and like the deeds of the land of Canaan, where I am bringing you, you shall not do; and by their customs you shall not walk.
- Like the deeds of the land of Egypt, where you dwelt, you shall not do; and like the deeds of the land of Canaan, to which I am bringing you, you shall not do; and in their statutes you shall not walk.
Lev.18.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- את: PRT,acc
- משפטי: NOUN,m,pl,abs,1cs
- תעשו: VERB,qal,impv,2,pl
- ואת: CONJ
- חקתי: NOUN,f,pl,abs,1cs
- תשמרו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- ללכת: VERB,qal,inf
- בהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- אני: PRON,1,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Leviticus 18:5 (verbal): Almost identical injunction to keep God's statutes and judgments and the concluding formula 'I am the LORD'; adds that obedience means 'you shall live by them.'
- Leviticus 20:22 (verbal): Repeats the command to keep all God's statutes and judgments and the concluding designation 'I am the LORD your God,' echoing Lev 18:4's authority claim.
- Leviticus 19:37 (verbal): Another close command to observe God's laws with the same closing affirmation 'I am the LORD,' reinforcing the legal/culpability theme.
- Deuteronomy 5:33 (thematic): Commands Israel to walk in all the ways the LORD has commanded so that they may live and prosper—the broader Deuteronomic theme of obedience to divine statutes for life.
- Leviticus 26:3 (thematic): Promises blessing if Israel walks in God's statutes and observes his commandments, paralleling Lev 18:4's call to follow God's laws and the covenantal consequences of obedience.
Alternative generated candidates
- My ordinances you shall do, and my statutes you shall keep, to walk in them; I am the LORD your God.
- My judgments you shall do, and my statutes you shall keep, to walk in them; I am the LORD your God.
Lev.18.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ושמרתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- חקתי: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- ואת: CONJ
- משפטי: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- יעשה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- האדם: NOUN,m,sg,def
- וחי: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- בהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- אני: PRON,1,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Rom.10:5 (quotation): Paul explicitly cites Lev 18:5 ('the one who does them shall live by them') to describe the Moses/law principle, using the exact verbal idea in his argument about law and righteousness.
- Gal.3:12 (quotation): Paul again quotes Lev 18:5 ('the one who does them shall live by them') to contrast the law’s demand with the principle of living by faith (Habakkuk 2:4).
- Deut.30:16 (thematic): Deuteronomy links obedience to God's commandments with life ('in order that you may live'), echoing Lev 18:5’s formula that keeping statutes and rules leads to life.
- Matt.19:17 (thematic): Jesus ties entry into 'life' to keeping the commandments ('If you would enter life, keep the commandments'), paralleling Lev 18:5’s connection between obedience to God's laws and life.
- Ezek.20:11-13 (thematic): Ezekiel discusses God giving statutes and the people's failure to live by them ('statutes... whereby they should not live' and their rebellion), engaging the same theme that obedience to God's statutes is linked to life as in Lev 18:5.
Alternative generated candidates
- And you shall keep my statutes and my ordinances, which a person shall do and shall live by them; I am the LORD.
- And you shall keep my statutes and my judgments, which a person shall do and live by them; I am the LORD.
Lev.18.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- כל: DET
- שאר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בשרו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- תקרבו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- לגלות: VERB,qal,inf
- ערוה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אני: PRON,1,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Leviticus 18:7-18 (verbal): Immediate context: a numbered list of prohibited incestuous sexual relations that expands on the command in 18:6; shares key vocabulary (ʼāšer, giluy ʿerwah, family relations).
- Leviticus 20:11-21 (verbal): A parallel legal code that repeats many of the same incest prohibitions found in ch. 18 and prescribes penalties for violations.
- Deuteronomy 27:20-23 (verbal): A covenantal curse-list that specifically condemns sleeping with close kin (sister, mother-in-law, daughter-in-law), echoing the incest prohibitions of Leviticus 18.
- Ezekiel 22:10 (allusion): Prophetic denunciation using the language of 'uncovering nakedness' regarding illicit sexual relations (including fathers' wives), alluding to Levitical sexual norms.
- 1 Corinthians 5:1-2 (thematic): Paul confronts a case of incest (a man with his father's wife) and calls for church discipline, applying the same moral standard against incest found in Leviticus.
Alternative generated candidates
- None of you shall approach any of his own flesh to uncover nakedness; I am the LORD.
- None of you shall approach any of his own flesh to uncover nakedness; I am the LORD.
Lev.18.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ערות: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- אביך: NOUN,m,sg,suff+2ms
- וערות: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,construct
- אמך: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- תגלה: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- אמך: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- תגלה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- ערותה: NOUN,f,sg,suff,3,fs
Parallels
- Lev.18.6 (structural): Sets the opening principle forbidding sexual relations with close kin—contextual statement that frames the specific prohibition in v.7.
- Lev.18.8 (verbal): Closely related clause forbidding uncovering the nakedness of one's father's wife—uses the same legal phrasing ('uncover the nakedness') and treats parental sexual boundaries.
- Lev.20.11 (verbal): Repeats the language 'uncovered his father's nakedness' and prescribes the legal penalty for intercourse with a father's wife, a direct legal echo of the prohibitions in ch.18.
- Deut.27.20 (thematic): Part of Deuteronomy's covenant curses declaring incestuous relations (e.g., lying with a sister) accursed—echoes the prohibition of sexual relations within the immediate family.
- 1 Cor.5:1-2 (allusion): Paul condemns a man 'having his father's wife' in the Corinthian church; the case echoes Levitical incest prohibitions and language about uncovering a parent's nakedness.
Alternative generated candidates
- The nakedness of your father and the nakedness of your mother you shall not uncover; she is your mother—you shall not uncover her nakedness.
- The nakedness of your father and the nakedness of your mother you shall not uncover; she is your mother; you shall not uncover her nakedness.
Lev.18.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ערות: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- אשת: NOUN,f,sg,cns
- אביך: NOUN,m,sg,suff+2ms
- לא: PART_NEG
- תגלה: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- ערות: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- אביך: NOUN,m,sg,suff+2ms
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Leviticus 18:7 (verbal): The immediately preceding verse uses the same language about a father's nakedness ("your father's nakedness") and closely parallels v.8's prohibition against sexual relations involving the father or his wife.
- Leviticus 20:11 (quotation): Restates the prohibition and prescribes the penalty: a man who lies with his father's wife dishonors his father and both parties are to be put to death (a legal reiteration of Lev 18:8).
- Deuteronomy 27:20 (quotation): In the covenantal curse-section the same prohibitory idea is recast as a curse: anyone who has intercourse with his father's wife is cursed, echoing the Levitical ban.
- 1 Corinthians 5:1 (allusion): Paul cites a case of a man having his father's wife as shocking sexual immorality in the Corinthian church—an NT reference that presumes and echoes the longstanding biblical prohibition against such conduct.
Alternative generated candidates
- The nakedness of your father’s wife you shall not uncover—it is your father’s nakedness.
- The nakedness of your father’s wife you shall not uncover; it is your father’s nakedness.
Lev.18.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ערות: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- אחותך: NOUN,f,sg,abs+2ms
- בת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- אביך: NOUN,m,sg,suff+2ms
- או: CONJ
- בת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- אמך: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- מולדת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- או: CONJ
- מולדת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- חוץ: ADV
- לא: PART_NEG
- תגלה: VERB,qal,imprf,2,f,pl
- ערותן: NOUN,f,sg,abs+3fp
Parallels
- Leviticus 18:6 (structural): Sets out the general principle forbidding sexual relations with close kin ('None of you shall approach any one of his close relatives to uncover nakedness'), framing the specific prohibition in 18:9.
- Leviticus 20:17 (verbal): Repeats the prohibition against uncovering the nakedness of a sister (a daughter of one's father or mother) and prescribes the penalty—illustrates the legal consequence for the same act forbidden in 18:9.
- Deuteronomy 27:22 (thematic): Includes a curse formula against those who lie with their sister, echoing the ban on sexual relations with a father's or mother's daughter found in Leviticus 18:9.
- 1 Corinthians 5:1 (allusion): The New Testament account of a man 'having his father's wife' (an incestuous relationship) presumes the continued force of Israelite sexual prohibitions, reflecting the ethical world behind Leviticus 18.
Alternative generated candidates
- The nakedness of your sister, the daughter of your father or the daughter of your mother, whether born at home or born outside, you shall not uncover their nakedness.
- The nakedness of your sister, the daughter of your father or the daughter of your mother, whether born at home or born outside, you shall not uncover their nakedness.
Lev.18.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ערות: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- בת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- בנך: NOUN,m,sg,cstr+poss,2,m,sg
- או: CONJ
- בת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- בתך: NOUN,f,sg,abs,poss:2,m
- לא: PART_NEG
- תגלה: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- ערותן: NOUN,f,pl,poss:3fp
- כי: CONJ
- ערותך: NOUN,f,sg,poss:2ms
- הנה: PART
Parallels
- Lev.18:7-9 (verbal): Immediate context uses the same legal formula ('uncover the nakedness of') to forbid sexual relations with close kin (mother, sister, etc.), situating 18:10 within the chapter's roster of incest prohibitions.
- Lev.20:12 (structural): The priestly penal code echoes the prohibitions of Leviticus 18 and prescribes sanctions (capital punishment) for sexual relations with close relatives (e.g., lying with a daughter‑in‑law), paralleling the law's enforcement for offenses like those forbidden in 18:10.
- Deut.27:20-23 (thematic): The Deuteronomic curse-list condemns various incestuous unions (e.g., a man who lies with his father's wife or with a sister), reiterating the covenantal and communal repudiation of sexual relations with close kin found in Leviticus 18:10.
- 1 Cor.5:1-5 (thematic): Paul's public censure of an incestuous case (a man living with his father's wife) reflects the continued moral and communal prohibition against incest in later Jewish‑Christian ethics and the social/religious consequences of such breaches.
- Gen.19:30-38 (thematic): The narrative of Lot and his daughters depicts incestuous intercourse as a transgressive episode in Israel's ancestral stories; it is commonly read as an illustration of the kind of sexual disorder the Levitical laws aim to prevent.
Alternative generated candidates
- The nakedness of your son’s daughter or your daughter’s daughter you shall not uncover their nakedness, for they are your own nakedness.
- The nakedness of your son’s daughter or your daughter’s daughter you shall not uncover their nakedness, for they are your nakedness.
Lev.18.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ערות: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- בת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- אשת: NOUN,f,sg,cns
- אביך: NOUN,m,sg,suff+2ms
- מולדת: NOUN,f,sg,cstr
- אביך: NOUN,m,sg,suff+2ms
- אחותך: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- תגלה: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- ערותה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Leviticus 18:8 (verbal): Neighboring prohibition in the same chapter: forbids uncovering the nakedness of one's father's wife — closely linked wording and legal context.
- Leviticus 20:11 (quotation): Penalty provision repeating the prohibition against lying with one's father's wife — applies the death penalty and echoes the Leviticus 18 injunction.
- Leviticus 20:17 (thematic): Addresses sexual intercourse with a sister (whether by father or mother) and treats it as a severe sexual offense — thematically parallels Lev 18:11's concern about relations with the daughter of a father's wife.
- Deuteronomy 27:20 (quotation): Deuteronomic curse reiterating the prohibition against lying with one's father's wife and language about uncovering a father's nakedness, echoing Leviticus legal tradition.
- 1 Corinthians 5:1 (allusion): Paul cites a case in the Corinthian church of a man having his father's wife; the situation echoes the Levitical prohibition and demonstrates its continued moral/communal significance in the New Testament.
Alternative generated candidates
- The nakedness of your father’s wife’s daughter, begotten by your father—she is your sister—you shall not uncover her nakedness.
- The nakedness of your father’s wife’s daughter, begotten of your father—she is your sister—you shall not uncover her nakedness.
Lev.18.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ערות: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- אחות: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אביך: NOUN,m,sg,suff+2ms
- לא: PART_NEG
- תגלה: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- שאר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אביך: NOUN,m,sg,suff+2ms
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Leviticus 18:11 (verbal): Same chapter and construction forbidding sexual relations with a close relative: 'the nakedness of your father's brother you shall not uncover; he is your father's relative.' Verbal parallel in wording and rationale ('he/she is your father's relative').
- Leviticus 18:13 (verbal): Immediately adjacent prohibition against a comparable relative (mother's sister). Same verbal formula and legal logic: forbids intercourse with an aunt because she is a parent’s relative.
- Leviticus 20:11-12 (thematic): Later chapter restates/incorporates the incest prohibitions of ch.18 and prescribes penalties. Connects the proscription against forbidden sexual relations within the family to legal sanction.
- Deuteronomy 27:20 (thematic): Part of Deuteronomy’s covenantal curse-list condemning sexual relations with certain close kin. Echoes the same moral/legal concern about maintaining proper boundaries in the family.
Alternative generated candidates
- The nakedness of your father’s sister you shall not uncover; she is your father’s close relative.
- The nakedness of your father’s sister you shall not uncover; she is your father’s close relative.
Lev.18.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ערות: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- אחות: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אמך: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- תגלה: VERB,qal,impf,2,ms
- כי: CONJ
- שאר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אמך: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Lev.18.6 (structural): Sets the programmatic prohibition against 'uncovering the nakedness' of close kin; 18:13 is one specific application of this general rule.
- Lev.18.11 (verbal): Another item in the same catalogue forbidding sexual relations with a paternal relative (father’s brother’s wife); parallels 18:13 in both form and kinship logic.
- Lev.18.16 (verbal): Uses the same formula forbidding sexual access to a close relative (your brother’s wife) and the rationale of protecting family relationships, echoing the wording and intent of 18:13.
- Lev.20.17 (allusion): Part of Leviticus 20, which repeats the incest prohibitions of chapter 18 and attaches penalties; v.17 and adjoining verses reiterate the ban on sexual relations with close kin, reflecting 18:13’s prohibition.
Alternative generated candidates
- The nakedness of your mother’s sister you shall not uncover, for she is your mother’s close relative.
- The nakedness of your mother’s sister you shall not uncover, for she is your mother’s close relative.
Lev.18.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ערות: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- אחי: NOUN,m,pl,suff
- אביך: NOUN,m,sg,suff+2ms
- לא: PART_NEG
- תגלה: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- אל: NEG
- אשתו: NOUN,f,sg,cs+3,m,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- תקרב: VERB,qal,imperfect,2,m,sg
- דדתך: NOUN,f,sg,pr
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Lev.18.6 (structural): Provides the general principle behind the specific prohibition in 18:14: do not approach close kin to 'uncover their nakedness.' 18:14 is one item within this broader ban.
- Lev.18.8 (verbal): Another specific prohibition in the same list that uses the same formula ('do not uncover the nakedness of...'); both verses enumerate forbidden sexual relations with close relatives.
- Lev.20.20 (quotation): A restatement in the penal code: Leviticus 20 repeats many of the 18th‑chapter prohibitions and explicitly treats lying with an uncle’s wife as uncovering the uncle’s nakedness (paralleling 18:14).
- Deut.27.20 (verbal): Part of the Deuteronomic list of curses that condemns sexual relations with close relatives (including a father’s wife), reflecting the same covenantal prohibition against illicit sexual intercourse.
- 1 Cor.5.1 (allusion): Paul cites a shocking case of sexual immorality ('a man has his father's wife') in Corinth, invoking the same moral category of prohibited familial sexual relations found in Leviticus 18.
Alternative generated candidates
- The nakedness of your father’s brother you shall not uncover; you shall not approach his wife—she is your aunt.
- The nakedness of your father’s brother you shall not uncover; to his wife you shall not approach; she is your aunt.
Lev.18.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ערות: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- כלתך: NOUN,f,sg,abs+2ms
- לא: PART_NEG
- תגלה: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- אשת: NOUN,f,sg,cns
- בנך: NOUN,m,sg,cstr+poss,2,m,sg
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- תגלה: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- ערותה: NOUN,f,sg,suff
Parallels
- Leviticus 18:6 (structural): Introduces the general rule forbidding approaching close relatives to ‘uncover nakedness,’ of which the daughter‑in‑law prohibition is a particular instance.
- Leviticus 18:8 (verbal): Another specific prohibition in the same catalogue—‘you shall not uncover the nakedness of your father’s wife’—showing the chapter’s pattern of forbidding sexual relations with close in‑laws.
- Leviticus 20:11–12 (structural): The holiness‑code parallel that prescribes legal penalties for similar incestuous acts (addressing relations with close relatives and in‑laws), applying sanction to the same types of violations listed in Lev 18.
- Deuteronomy 27:20 (quotation): A Deuteronomic pronouncement—‘Cursed be anyone who lies with his father's wife’—reiterating the same prohibition within Israel’s covenantal legal/curse framework.
- 1 Corinthians 5:1 (allusion): Paul cites an instance of sexual immorality ‘a man has his father's wife’ to condemn egregious sexual sin in the church; echoes the Levitical prohibition against incestuous relations with in‑laws.
Alternative generated candidates
- The nakedness of your daughter-in-law you shall not uncover; she is your son’s wife—you shall not uncover her nakedness.
- The nakedness of your daughter-in-law you shall not uncover; she is your son’s wife; you shall not uncover her nakedness.
Lev.18.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ערות: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- אשת: NOUN,f,sg,cns
- אחיך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- תגלה: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- ערות: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- אחיך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Lev.20.21 (verbal): Repeats and expands the prohibition against uncovering a brother’s wife, using very similar language and prescribing a penalty (barrenness) — close verbal and legal parallel.
- Lev.18.18 (verbal): Another nearby provision in the same law-code forbidding taking a woman’s sister as a rival in her lifetime (uncovering her nakedness) — part of the same incest/kinship sexual prohibitions.
- Lev.20.11 (verbal): Lists related incestuous prohibitions with near-identical formulaic language (“uncovered the nakedness of…”) — parallels the legal phrasing applied to forbidden sexual relations within the family.
- Deut.25.5-10 (structural): The levirate marriage law requires a brother to marry a childless widow of his brother (when the brother is dead), creating a structural contrast to Lev.18:16 which forbids sexual relations with a brother’s wife while the brother is alive.
- 1 Cor.5.1 (thematic): New Testament example condemning incestuous sexual relations in the community (a man having his father’s wife); thematically echoes the Torah’s prohibitions against relations within prohibited kinship boundaries.
Alternative generated candidates
- The nakedness of your brother’s wife you shall not uncover; it is your brother’s nakedness.
- The nakedness of your brother’s wife you shall not uncover; it is your brother’s nakedness.
Lev.18.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ערות: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- אשה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ובתה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,poss
- לא: PART_NEG
- תגלה: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- בת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- בנה: NOUN,m,sg,abs+SUFF,3,f,sg
- ואת: CONJ
- בת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- בתה: NOUN,f,sg,poss
- לא: PART_NEG
- תקח: VERB,qal,imperfect,2,m,sg
- לגלות: VERB,qal,inf
- ערותה: NOUN,f,sg,poss
- שארה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- הנה: PART
- זמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Leviticus 18:6 (structural): States the general rule forbidding uncovering the nakedness of close kin — the broad principle that undergirds the specific prohibition in 18:17.
- Leviticus 18:15 (thematic): Neighboring clause in the same chapter listing specific forbidden kin; shows the pattern of incest prohibitions to which 18:17 belongs.
- Leviticus 20:17 (verbal): Repeats the prohibition against sexual relations with close kin (and prescribes penalty), echoing the language and intent of Lev 18:17.
- 1 Corinthians 5:1–2 (thematic): Paul confronts a case of incest in the Corinthian church (a man with his father's wife), reflecting New Testament application and concern for the same incest taboos found in Leviticus.
- 2 Samuel 13:12–14 (thematic): Narrative episode (Amnon and Tamar) illustrating a violation of family sexual boundaries — an example of the taboo and its social consequences addressed by the Levitical law.
Alternative generated candidates
- The nakedness of a woman and her daughter you shall not uncover; you shall not take her son’s daughter or her daughter’s daughter, to uncover her nakedness—they are her close relatives; it is depravity.
- The nakedness of a woman and her daughter you shall not uncover; the daughter of her son or the daughter of her daughter you shall not take to uncover her nakedness—they are her close kin; it is depravity.
Lev.18.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואשה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- אחתה: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,fs
- לא: PART_NEG
- תקח: VERB,qal,imperfect,2,m,sg
- לצרר: VERB,qal,inf
- לגלות: VERB,piel,inf
- ערותה: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,fs
- עליה: PREP,3,f,sg
- בחייה: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,fs
Parallels
- Leviticus 18:16 (verbal): Uses the same technical language of 'uncovering nakedness' and forbids sexual/relational entanglements involving a woman closely connected to another (here brother's wife), closely paralleling the prohibition against taking a woman as a rival to her sister.
- Leviticus 20:21 (structural): A later penal provision that revisits related kinship-sexual prohibitions; it prescribes consequences (childlessness) for analogous conduct, showing the law's reinforcement and sanctioning of Leviticus 18's prohibitions.
- Genesis 29:21–30 (thematic): Narrative account of Jacob marrying Leah and Rachel, sisters; provides a cultural/ narrative background and contrast to the later legal prohibition of taking one sister while the other is alive or as a rival wife.
- Deuteronomy 22:30 (thematic): Another Mosaic-era prohibition regulating sexual relations within a household/family circle (forbidding relations with a father's wife); thematically related as part of the broader corpus of Israelite laws restricting sexual access to women tied by kinship or household bonds.
Alternative generated candidates
- And you shall not take a woman in addition to her sister, to be a rival, to uncover her nakedness beside her in her lifetime.
- And a woman in addition to her sister you shall not take, to make her a rival, to uncover her nakedness beside her in her lifetime.
Lev.18.19 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואל: CONJ+PREP
- אשה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בנדת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,cstr
- טמאתה: NOUN,f,sg,abs,3fs-suff
- לא: PART_NEG
- תקרב: VERB,qal,imperfect,2,m,sg
- לגלות: VERB,qal,inf
- ערותה: NOUN,f,sg,abs,3f
Parallels
- Lev.15:19-24 (verbal): Gives the detailed purity regulations for a woman's menstrual period (uncleanness, contact with people/objects, and purification), closely paralleling Lev 18:19's prohibition against approaching a woman in her menstrual impurity.
- Lev.20:18 (verbal): Repeats the prohibition against sexual relations with a woman during her menstrual uncleanness and prescribes a penalty, echoing the subject and legal force of Lev 18:19.
- Deut.23:10-11 (thematic): Deals with ritual uncleanness and exclusion from the camp for bodily uncleanness; thematically related to community boundaries, purity, and handling of bodily impurities like those in Lev 18:19.
- 1 Cor.7:5 (thematic): New Testament guidance on temporary sexual abstinence within marriage (for prayer), thematically connected to regulations about timing and permitted sexual relations and the ethical control of sexual activity reflected in Lev 18:19.
Alternative generated candidates
- And to a woman in the impurity of her menstruation you shall not approach to uncover her nakedness.
- And to a woman in the impurity of her menstruation you shall not approach to uncover her nakedness.
Lev.18.20 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואל: CONJ+PREP
- אשת: NOUN,f,sg,cns
- עמיתך: NOUN,m,sg,suf
- לא: PART_NEG
- תתן: VERB,qal,imprf,2,_,sg
- שכבתך: NOUN,f,sg,suf
- לזרע: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לטמאה: PREP+ADJ,f,sg,abs
- בה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
Parallels
- Lev.20:10 (verbal): Repeats the prohibition against intercourse with another man's wife and prescribes the penalty for adultery; closely parallels Leviticus 18:20 in wording and legal context.
- Exod.20:14 (structural): The Decalogue's succinct injunction 'You shall not commit adultery' encapsulates the same moral/legal prohibition found in Leviticus 18:20.
- Deut.22:22 (verbal): Provides a legal case and penalty for a man and married woman found committing adultery; parallels Leviticus 18:20 in addressing sex with another man's wife and its consequences.
- Num.5:12-31 (thematic): Gives the ritual procedure for suspected adultery (the suspected wife's ordeal), reflecting communal concern with sexual fidelity, impurity, and the social/legal handling of adultery related to Leviticus 18:20.
- Prov.6:32-33 (thematic): A wisdom-text warning about the costly consequences of adultery (shame, violence, loss), thematically echoing the prohibition and social repercussions implied by Leviticus 18:20.
Alternative generated candidates
- And with your neighbor’s wife you shall not give your emission as seed, to defile yourself with her.
- And with your neighbor’s wife you shall not give your lying down for seed, to defile yourself with her.
Lev.18.21 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ומזרעך: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs,2,m,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- תתן: VERB,qal,imprf,2,_,sg
- להעביר: VERB,hif,inf
- למלך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ולא: CONJ
- תחלל: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- שם: ADV
- אלהיך: NOUN,m,sg,prsuf-2ms
- אני: PRON,1,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Lev.20:2-5 (quotation): Repeats and expands the Levitical prohibition against giving children to Molech, adding explicit sanctions and the language of defiling/profaning God's sanctuary and name.
- Deut.18:10 (verbal): Forbids practices of divination and specifically 'passing one's son or daughter through the fire' — a verbal and legal parallel to the prohibition of child sacrifice to Molech.
- Jer.32:35 (thematic): Condemns the burning of children in the valley of Ben‑Hinnom to Molech and treats the practice as an abomination that profanes God's name and brings judgment.
- 2 Kings 23:10 (thematic): Describes King Josiah's removal of Topheth (the site associated with Molech worship) to stop making sons and daughters 'pass through the fire,' a historical application of the prohibition.
Alternative generated candidates
- And you shall not give any of your offspring to make them pass to Molech, and you shall not profane the name of your God; I am the LORD.
- And of your offspring you shall not give to make pass to Molech, and you shall not profane the name of your God; I am the LORD.
Lev.18.22 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואת: CONJ
- זכר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- תשכב: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- משכבי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- אשה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- תועבה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Lev.20.13 (quotation): Repeats the same injunction in the Holiness Code and adds a prescribed penalty (death) for a man lying with a male as with a woman — direct legal restatement.
- Rom.1.26-27 (thematic): Paul condemns same-sex relations as unnatural and shameful; reflects New Testament theological appropriation of Jewish sexual prohibitions found in Leviticus.
- 1 Cor.6.9 (verbal): Lists categories of immoral persons barred from God's kingdom, including terms often translated as male homosexuals (arsenokoitai/malakoi); echoes Levitical sexual prohibitions in ethical teaching.
- 1 Tim.1.10 (verbal): Contains arsenokoitai in a catalog of vices punishable under the law; a verbal echo of the Levitical prohibition against male same-sex intercourse.
- Gen.19:4-11 (thematic): The Sodom narrative depicts men seeking to rape male visitors; later biblical and rabbinic interpretation links this episode to Leviticus' condemnation and frames same-sex male violence/relations as morally illicit.
Alternative generated candidates
- And with a male you shall not lie as one lies with a woman; it is an abomination.
- And with a male you shall not lie as one lies with a woman; it is an abomination.
Lev.18.23 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ובכל: CONJ+PREP
- בהמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- תתן: VERB,qal,imprf,2,_,sg
- שכבתך: NOUN,f,sg,abs+SUFF,2,m,sg
- לטמאה: PREP+ADJ,f,sg,abs
- בה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
- ואשה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- תעמד: VERB,qal,juss,2,m,sg
- לפני: PREP
- בהמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לרבעה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- תבל: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Leviticus 20:15-16 (verbal): Repeats and intensifies the prohibition found in 18:23 by prescribing the death penalty for a man or a woman who has sexual relations with an animal and for the animal itself — a closely related legal restatement within the same priestly code.
- Exodus 22:19 (verbal): A concise legal prohibition—"He that lieth with a beast shall surely be put to death"—that parallels 18:23’s ban on bestiality and reflects an earlier formulation of the same criminal prohibition.
- Deuteronomy 27:21 (verbal): Declares a curse on anyone who lies with a beast ("Cursed be he that lieth with any manner of beast"), echoing 18:23’s categorical denunciation in a covenantal/curse context.
- Leviticus 18:22 (structural): Situated immediately before 18:23, this verse (forbidding male homosexual intercourse) forms part of the same cluster of sexual prohibitions, providing structural and thematic context for 18:23’s ban on bestiality.
- Romans 1:26-27 (thematic): Paul’s discussion of "dishonorable passions" and exchange of natural relations for unnatural ones frames certain sexual practices as morally aberrant; while not mentioning bestiality explicitly, it is often cited as part of the New Testament’s broader denunciation of illicit sexual behavior.
Alternative generated candidates
- And with any animal you shall not give your emission to defile yourself with it, and a woman shall not stand before an animal to mate with it—it is perversion.
- And with any beast you shall not give your lying down, to defile yourself with it; and a woman shall not stand before a beast to mate with it; it is perversion.
Lev.18.24 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אל: NEG
- תטמאו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- בכל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אלה: DEM,pl,abs
- כי: CONJ
- בכל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אלה: DEM,pl,abs
- נטמאו: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,pl
- הגוים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- אני: PRON,1,sg
- משלח: VERB,piel,part,3,m,sg
- מפניכם: PREP,PRON,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Lev.18.25 (structural): Immediate continuation: explains why Israelites must not defile themselves — the land is defiled by the nations' practices and God will punish the land and its inhabitants.
- Lev.20.22-23 (verbal): Repeats the command not to follow the practices of the nations being driven out and links obedience to the land not 'vomiting out' its inhabitants — language and concern mirror Lev 18:24.
- Deut.18.9-12 (thematic): Warnings against adopting the Canaanite abominations (divination, child sacrifice, occult practices) — same motive of avoiding defilement by foreign customs.
- Deut.12.29-31 (thematic): Advises Israel not to be ensnared into imitating the nations' detestable practices and cultic rites — echoes Lev 18:24's prohibition and rationale.
- Ezek.36.20-23 (allusion): Describes Israel's profaning of God’s name among the nations through unclean practices and the resulting dishonor — prophetic reflection on the communal and theological consequences of defilement.
Alternative generated candidates
- Do not defile yourselves in any of these, for in all these the nations became defiled which I am casting out before you.
- Do not make yourselves unclean by any of these, for by all these the nations that I am driving out before you became unclean.
Lev.18.25 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ותטמא: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ואפקד: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
- עונה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עליה: PREP,3,f,sg
- ותקא: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- את: PRT,acc
- ישביה: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,f,sg
Parallels
- Lev.18.28 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same unit — repeats the warning that God will act on the land’s defilement and that the land will 'vomit out' its inhabitants.
- Lev.20.22-23 (quotation): Restates the same threat elsewhere in the law: the land is defiled by Israel’s adoption of the nations’ abominations and will 'vomit out' its inhabitants as divine judgment.
- Ezekiel 36:17-18 (thematic): Speaks of the land’s defilement caused by Israel’s idolatry and bloodshed; God condemns the pollution of the land and frames punishment in similar covenantal terms.
- Psalm 106:40-43 (thematic): Describes God’s wrath against Israel for their sins, leading to the loss of the land and domination by nations — a covenantal consequence linked to the land’s defilement in Leviticus 18.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the land became defiled, and I visited its iniquity upon it, and the land vomited out its inhabitants.
- And the land became unclean, and I punished it for its iniquity, and the land vomited out its inhabitants.
Lev.18.26 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ושמרתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- חקתי: NOUN,m,sg,pronominal
- ואת: CONJ
- משפטי: NOUN,m,sg,pronominal
- ולא: CONJ
- תעשו: VERB,qal,impv,2,pl
- מכל: PREP
- התועבת: NOUN,f,sg,def
- האלה: DEM,pl
- האזרח: NOUN,m,sg,def
- והגר: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,def
- הגר: NOUN,f,sg,def,prop
- בתוככם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Leviticus 20:22 (verbal): Repeats the exact injunction “keep my statutes and my judgments” and links obedience to avoiding the abominable practices of the nations.
- Leviticus 18:30 (verbal): Closely parallel verse in the same chapter giving the same prohibition—’keep my ordinance’ and ‘commit none of these abominations’—as a concluding admonition.
- Deuteronomy 18:9-13 (thematic): Warns Israelites not to learn or practice the abominations of the nations living in the land—same theme of avoiding pagan practices and remaining blameless before YHWH.
- Ezekiel 20:11,21 (thematic): God’s giving of statutes and judgments and the people’s failure to keep them; echoes the charge to obey divine laws rather than adopt abominable practices.
Alternative generated candidates
- But you—you shall keep my statutes and my ordinances, and you shall not do any of these abominations, whether the native or the sojourner who sojourns among you.
- But you shall keep my statutes and my judgments, and you shall not do any of these abominations—the native and the sojourner who sojourns among you alike—
Lev.18.27 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- את: PRT,acc
- כל: DET
- התועבת: NOUN,f,sg,def
- האל: NOUN,m,sg,def
- עשו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- אנשי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לפניכם: PREP,2,m,pl
- ותטמא: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
Parallels
- Leviticus 18:24 (verbal): Immediate verbal parallel within the chapter: forbids the same 'abominations' and explicitly ties those practices to defiling the land (same vocabulary and causal link).
- Leviticus 20:22 (thematic): Reiterates the warning that Israel must keep God's statutes so the land will not 'vomit out' its inhabitants—same theme of national punishment because the land is defiled by sinful practices.
- Ezekiel 36:17-18 (verbal): Ezekiel accuses Israel of defiling the land by their idols and uncleanness; the prophet uses language of profaning/defiling the land that echoes Leviticus' charge about the land becoming unclean through abominations.
- Deuteronomy 29:21-22 (thematic): Part of covenant curses warning that persistent idolatry and corruption will make the land a desolation and cause it to 'vomit out' its inhabitants—parallels Leviticus' cause-and-effect between abominations and the land's pollution.
Alternative generated candidates
- For all these abominations the men of the land did who were before you, and the land became defiled.
- for all these abominations the men of the land did who were before you, and the land became unclean.
Lev.18.28 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ולא: CONJ
- תקיא: VERB,qal,imperf,3,f,sg
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
- בטמאכם: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+2,m,pl
- אתה: PRON,2,m,sg
- כאשר: CONJ
- קאה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- הגוי: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לפניכם: PREP,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Leviticus 18:25 (verbal): Same chapter language about the land being defiled by the nations' abominations and God visiting their iniquity—background justification for expelling inhabitants.
- Leviticus 18:27 (verbal): Immediate context: explicitly states that the land was defiled and that God punished the land, closely echoing the idea that the land 'vomited' its inhabitants.
- Leviticus 20:22-23 (thematic): Repeats the command not to defile the land of Israel with the nations' practices and warns that God dwells among Israel—same concern linking moral conduct to the land's status.
- Deuteronomy 29:23 (verbal): Uses nearly identical imagery of the land 'vomiting out' its inhabitants when defiled by idolatry and covenant-breakers; a clear legal-theological parallel.
- Ezekiel 36:17-21 (thematic): Prophetic treatment of land profanation: the people's uncleanness and the nations' defilement of Israel lead God to act against the land—develops the theme of holy land defilement and divine response.
Alternative generated candidates
- So that the land does not vomit you out when you defile it, as it vomited the nation that was before you.
- Lest the land vomit you out when you make it unclean, as it vomited out the nation that was before you.
Lev.18.29 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- כל: DET
- אשר: PRON,rel
- יעשה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- מכל: PREP
- התועבות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- האלה: DEM,pl
- ונכרתו: VERB,niphal,perf,3,pl
- הנפשות: NOUN,f,pl,def
- העשת: PART,qal,ptc,f,pl,def
- מקרב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עמם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Leviticus 20:2–5 (verbal): Repeats prohibition of detestable sexual practices and announces the same consequence: offenders will be cut off and the land defiled—verbal and legal parallel to Lev 18:29.
- Numbers 15:30–31 (verbal): Uses the same formula (“the soul that doeth ought presumptuously… his soul shall be cut off from among his people”), linking presumptuous sin with being cut off.
- Leviticus 18:24–30 (structural): Immediate literary context: a unit warning that these abominations defile the land and that those who practice them will be cut off (Lev 18:29 sits within this warning block).
- Leviticus 20:17 (verbal): A specific case of sexual prohibition where the punishment is stated as being ‘cut off from among their people,’ echoing the penalty formula of Lev 18:29.
- Ezekiel 18:20 (thematic): Develops the principle of individual responsibility for sin (‘the soul that sinneth, it shall die’), thematically related to Lev 18:29’s statement that the souls who commit these abominations will be cut off.
Alternative generated candidates
- For whoever does any of these abominations—the persons who do them shall be cut off from among their people.
- For everyone who does any of these abominations—the persons who do them—shall be cut off from among their people.
Lev.18.30 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ושמרתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- משמרתי: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1cs
- לבלתי: PART,neg
- עשות: VERB,qal,inf
- מחקות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- התועבת: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- נעשו: VERB,nifal,perf,3,f,pl
- לפניכם: PREP,2,m,pl
- ולא: CONJ
- תטמאו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- בהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- אני: PRON,1,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl
Parallels
- Leviticus 18:4-5 (verbal): Directly echoes the command to 'keep my statutes and my judgments' and links obedience to God's life-giving will—paralleling Lev 18:30's injunction to keep God's statutes and avoid abominations.
- Leviticus 18:3 (thematic): Pronounces 'You shall not do as they do' regarding the practices of the Egyptians and Canaanites—closely related to Lev 18:30's prohibition against doing the abominations done before you.
- Leviticus 20:22-26 (structural): Repeats the call to keep God's commandments, not to follow the customs of the nations, and not to defile the land; concludes with 'I am the LORD your God,' mirroring Lev 18:30's language and function.
- Deuteronomy 18:9-13 (thematic): Forbids adopting the abominable practices of the surrounding nations (divination, occult practices) and calls Israel to be distinct—thematising the same concern about avoiding 'abominations' in Lev 18:30.
- Deuteronomy 12:29-31 (thematic): Warns Israel not to be enticed by the abominations of the peoples they dispossess and condemns offering children to idols—parallels Lev 18:30's prohibition against pagan abominations and the call to avoid defilement.
Alternative generated candidates
- And you shall keep my charge, so as not to do the abominable customs that were done before you, and you shall not defile yourselves by them; I am the LORD your God.
- And you shall keep my charge, not to do any of the statutes of the abominations that were done before you; and you shall not make yourselves unclean by them; I am the LORD your God.
And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying:
Speak to the sons of Israel and you shall say to them: I am the LORD your God.
According to the practice of the land of Egypt, in which you dwelt, you shall not do; and according to the practice of the land of Canaan, to which I am bringing you, you shall not do; and in their statutes you shall not walk.
My ordinances you shall do, and my statutes you shall keep, to walk in them; I am the LORD your God. And you shall keep my statutes and my ordinances, which, if a person does them, he shall live by them; I am the LORD.
No man shall approach any close relative of his to uncover nakedness; I am the LORD.
The nakedness of your father and the nakedness of your mother you shall not uncover; she is your mother; you shall not uncover her nakedness.
The nakedness of your father’s wife you shall not uncover; it is your father’s nakedness.
The nakedness of your sister, the daughter of your father or the daughter of your mother, whether homeborn or born outside, you shall not uncover their nakedness.
The nakedness of your son’s daughter or your daughter’s daughter you shall not uncover; for they are your own nakedness.
The nakedness of your father’s wife’s daughter, begotten by your father—she is your sister—you shall not uncover her nakedness.
The nakedness of your father’s sister you shall not uncover; she is the close relative of your father.
The nakedness of your mother’s sister you shall not uncover; for she is the close relative of your mother.
The nakedness of your father’s brother you shall not uncover; you shall not approach his wife; she is your aunt.
The nakedness of your daughter-in-law you shall not uncover; she is your son’s wife; you shall not uncover her nakedness.
The nakedness of your brother’s wife you shall not uncover; it is your brother’s nakedness.
The nakedness of a woman and her daughter you shall not uncover; her son’s daughter or her daughter’s daughter you shall not take to uncover her nakedness; they are her close relatives; it is depravity. And a woman in addition to her sister you shall not take as a rival, to uncover her nakedness beside her, in her lifetime. And to a woman during the impurity of her menstruation you shall not approach to uncover her nakedness. And with your neighbor’s wife you shall not lie, to defile yourself with her. And of your offspring you shall not give to make them pass over to Molech, and you shall not profane the name of your God; I am the LORD. And with a male you shall not lie as one lies with a woman; it is an abomination. And with any animal you shall not lie, to defile yourself with it; nor shall a woman stand before an animal to mate with it; it is perversion.
Do not defile yourselves in any of these, for by all these the nations became defiled which I am driving out before you. And the land became defiled, and I visited its iniquity upon it, and the land vomited out its inhabitants. And you shall keep my statutes and my ordinances, and you shall not do any of these abominations—the native-born and the sojourner who sojourns among you.
For all these abominations the men of the land who were before you did, and the land became defiled. And let not the land vomit you out when you make it unclean, as it vomited out the nation that was before you.
For anyone who does any of these abominations—those persons shall be cut off from among their people. And you shall keep my charge, to keep from doing any of the abominable practices that were done before you, and you shall not defile yourselves by them; I am the LORD your God.