Territory of Asher
Joshua 19:24-31
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Jos.19.24 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויצא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- הגורל: NOUN,m,sg,def
- החמישי: ADJ,m,sg,def
- למטה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- אשר: PRON,rel
- למשפחותם: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss3,m,pl
Parallels
- Numbers 26:44-47 (verbal): Census listing the families of Asher—corresponds to Joshua’s language about the tribe and its families (״למשפחותם״) and shows the tribal subdivisions relevant to the land allotment.
- 1 Chronicles 7:30-32 (verbal): Genealogical account of Asher’s clans; parallels Joshua’s reference to the tribe’s families and provides the ancestral background for the named family divisions used in allotment lists.
- Judges 1:31-32 (thematic): Describes the settlements and failure of Asher to drive out the Canaanites in its allotted territory—connects to Joshua’s allotment to Asher by showing the later reality and settlement patterns in that tribal area.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the fifth lot came up for the sons of Asher by their families.
- And the fifth lot came up for the tribe of the sons of Asher by their families.
Jos.19.25 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- גבולם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3mp
- חלקת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- וחלי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ובטן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואכשף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Joshua 19:24-31 (structural): Verse 19:25 is part of this contiguous catalogue listing the towns and boundaries of the tribe of Asher; the whole passage frames the same territorial allotment.
- Judges 1:31 (verbal): Lists Achshaph/Achsaf among towns associated with Asher; direct lexical overlap (the same place-name appears in both lists).
- Judges 1:33 (thematic): Reports that Asher 'dwelt among the Canaanites' in these towns—connects the settlement and occupation (or lack of expulsion) of the very places named in Joshua 19.
- Genesis 49:20 (thematic): Jacob’s blessing of Asher emphasizes fertile produce and rich food—thematically linked to the description and allocation of Asher’s towns and territory in Joshua 19.
Alternative generated candidates
- And their border was Chalkath, and Chali, and Beth‑en, and Achshaph.
- And their border was Helkath, Hali, Beten, and Achshaph.
Jos.19.26 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואלמלך: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועמעד: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ומשאל: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ופגע: CONJ+VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- בכרמל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הימה: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ובשיחור: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לבנת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Josh.19.1 (structural): Begins the allotment of the tribe of Simeon; 19:26 is part of this contiguous list of towns assigned to Simeon.
- Josh.15.20-32 (thematic): List of towns in the territory of Judah; many place‑names in Joshua 19 (Simeon's allotment) lie within or overlap the Judah list, showing the embedded nature of Simeon's towns in Judah's territory.
- 1 Chr.4.28-32 (verbal): Parallel catalogue of towns attributed to the Simeonites in Chronicles, preserving many of the same place‑names and a parallel tradition of settlement.
- Judg.1.17 (thematic): Records the joint activity of Judah and Simeon in taking southern towns; connects the conquest/settlement history to the later allotment lists found in Joshua 19.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Elmalek and Amad and Mishal; and it reached to Carmel on the sea and to Shihor‑libnath.
- And Alammelech, and Amad, and Mishal; and it reached to Carmel westward, and to Shihor‑libnath.
Jos.19.27 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ושב: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
- מזרח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- השמש: NOUN,f,sg,def
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- דגן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ופגע: CONJ+VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- בזבלון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ובגי: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יפתח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- אל: NEG
- צפונה: ADV
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- העמק: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ונעיאל: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויצא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- אל: NEG
- כבול: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- משמאל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Joshua 19:24-31 (structural): Immediate parallel: the surrounding verses form the same block listing the towns and boundaries of the tribe of Asher of which v.27 is a part (same verbal catalogue of place‑names).
- Judges 1:31-32 (allusion): Reports the later history of Asher in the same region—names of coastal towns (e.g., Achzib/Acchib, Helbah, Aphek) overlap with Joshua’s catalogue and show Asher’s continued occupation or failure to drive out Canaanites there.
- Judges 5:17 (thematic): The Song of Deborah depicts Asher as dwelling by the seashore and in his bays—reflecting the coastal and lowland character of many towns listed in Joshua’s allotment.
- Deuteronomy 33:24-25 (thematic): Moses’ blessing of Asher (blessings of abundance and oil) thematically connects to the fertile territories and settled towns (e.g., Beth‑Dagon, Beth‑Emek) named in Joshua’s description of Asher’s allotment.
Alternative generated candidates
- And it turned eastward to Beth‑dagon, and reached to Zebulun and to the valley of Jiphthah‑el toward the north of Beth‑emek and to Neiel; and it went out to Cabul on the left.
- And it went out to Beth‑dagon, and reached to Zebulun and to the valley of Yiphthah‑el toward the north, to Beth‑haemek and Neiel; and it went out to Cabul on the left.
Jos.19.28 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועברן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ורחב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וחמון: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וקנה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- עד: PREP
- צידון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- רבה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Judges 1:31 (verbal): Lists towns related to the tribe of Asher and explicitly names Zidon and Rehob; overlaps with the place-names in Joshua 19:28 and shows a related tradition about settlement in the same region.
- Joshua 19:24 (structural): Beginning of the allotment and city-list for the tribe of Asher; Joshua 19:28 is part of this contiguous catalogue of towns given to Asher.
- Genesis 10:15 (allusion): Names Sidon as the eponymous ancestor of the Phoenician city (ʻSidonʼ), linking the appearance of “great Sidon” in Joshua 19:28 to the earlier ethnogeographic tradition.
- Ezekiel 27:8 (thematic): Portrays Sidon as a principal Phoenician maritime city; thematically connects to Joshuaʼs reference to “great Sidon” as a notable urban center in the coastal north.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Ebron and Rehob and Hammon and Kanah unto Great Sidon.
- And Ebron, and Rehob, and Hammon, and Kanah, even unto great Sidon.
Jos.19.29 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ושב: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
- הגבול: NOUN,m,sg,def
- הרמה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ועד: CONJ+PREP
- עיר: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מבצר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- צר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ושב: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
- הגבול: NOUN,m,sg,def
- חסה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- והיו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- תצאתיו: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- הימה: NOUN,m,sg,def
- מחבל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אכזיבה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Joshua 19:28 (verbal): Immediate context — the adjacent verse continues the same list of towns and border markers in Asher's allotment, repeating place-names and the local boundary language.
- Judges 1:31 (thematic): Reports Asher's settlement along the seacoast (naming many of the same coastal towns such as Achzib), connecting Joshua's list of coastal border towns with the tribe's later habitation.
- Numbers 34:2-12 (structural): Gives the national boundaries of the Promised Land (from the Great Sea etc.); Joshua 19:29 functions as a local/boundary specification within that larger boundary framework.
- Deuteronomy 11:24 (thematic): God's promise that Israel's territory will extend 'to the Great Sea and to Lebanon' echoes the coastal orientation and 'outputs toward the sea' language found in Joshua's local boundary description.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the border turned to Ramah and to the fortified city of Tyre; and the border turned to Hosah, and its outlets were to the sea from the region of Achzib.
- And the border reached Ramah and the fortified city Tyre; and the coast of its border lay to the sea from the region of Achzib.
Jos.19.30 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועמה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ואפק: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ורחב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ערים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עשרים: NUM,card,pl
- ושתים: NUM,f,pl,abs
- וחצריהן: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss:3,pl
Parallels
- Joshua 19:32-39 (structural): Immediate continuation of the same list of towns in the allotment of the tribe of Naphtali; provides the rest of the town-names connected with v.30.
- Joshua 21:32 (thematic): Lists Levitical cities located in the territory of Naphtali (Kedesh, etc.), linking the same geographical district and some shared place-names with Joshua 19’s allotment list.
- Judges 1:30-31 (thematic): Describes Israel’s incomplete conquest of northern towns and names cities in the same general region, showing the ongoing population and settlement issues tied to the place-names listed in Joshua 19.
- Judges 5:18 (allusion): Mentions Naphtali (with Zebulun) in a poetic account of northern Israel’s warriors; connects tribal identity and the region that includes the towns enumerated in Joshua 19.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Ummah and Aphek and Rehob—twenty‑two cities and their villages.
- And Ummah, and Aphek, and Rehob—twenty‑two cities with their villages.
Jos.19.31 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- זאת: DEM,f,sg
- נחלת: NOUN,f,sg,const
- מטה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- אשר: PRON,rel
- למשפחתם: PREP,NOUN,f,sg,abs,PRON,3,pl
- הערים: NOUN,f,pl,def
- האלה: DEM,pl
- וחצריהן: CONJ+NOUN,f,pl,abs,poss:3,pl
Parallels
- Numbers 34:19-29 (structural): Both passages are part of the wider program of tribal land allotment—Numbers 34 gives the legal/territorial framework and lists boundaries and allotments that Joshua implements.
- Judges 1:31-32 (thematic): Gives an alternative account of Asher’s settlement: mentions the same tribal area and cities but stresses that Asher did not drive out all inhabitants and lived among the Canaanites, echoing the territorial material in Joshua.
- Joshua 21:43-45 (thematic): Summarizes the outcome of the allotments: the LORD gave Israel the land and they took possession—this verse frames the individual tribal inheritances like Josh 19:31 within the larger fulfillment of possession.
- Genesis 49:20 (allusion): Jacob’s blessing of Asher (prosperity and rich food) is often read as a prophetic anticipation of Asher’s fertile allotment; verse Josh 19:31 names the tribe’s inheritance that corresponds to that blessing.
Alternative generated candidates
- This is the inheritance of the sons of Asher by their families: these cities and their villages.
- This is the inheritance of the tribe of the sons of Asher by their families: these cities and their villages.
And the fifth lot came up for the sons of Asher by their families. And their border was Helkath, and Hali, and Beten, and Achshaph,
and El‑melekh, and Amad, and Mishal, and it reached to Carmel by the sea and to Shihor‑libnath. And it turned eastward to Beth‑Dagon and reached to Zebulun and to the valley of Jiphthael to the north, to Beth‑haemek and Neiel; and it went out to Cabul on the left. And Abdon, and Rehob, and Hammon, and Kanah, even to great Sidon. And the border turned to Ramah and to the fortified city Tyre; and the border turned to Hosah, and its ends were at the sea toward Achzib. And Ummah, and Aphek, and Rehob—twenty‑two cities with their villages.
This is the inheritance of the sons of Asher by their families: these cities and their villages.