The Burial of Jesus
Mark 15:42-47
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Mark.15.42 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Και: CONJ
- ηδη: ADV
- οψιας: NOUN,gen,sg,fem
- γενομενης: VERB,aor,mid,part,gen,sg,f
- επει: CONJ
- ην: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- παρασκευη: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- προσαββατον: NOUN,nom,sg,n
Parallels
- Matthew 27:57 (verbal): Same temporal marker—'when evening had come'—and setting at the time of the Preparation leading into the burial account (rich man of Arimathea takes Jesus down).
- Luke 23:54 (verbal): Uses the identical phrase 'day of Preparation' and notes the Sabbath drawing near, paralleling Mark's timing language for the burial events.
- John 19:31 (thematic): Explicitly explains 'the Preparation' as the day before the Sabbath and gives the related action (bodies removed before the Sabbath), linking the motive and timing behind Jesus' burial in Mark.
- Matthew 27:62 (structural): Refers to 'the next day, that followed the day of the Preparation' and recounts the Jewish leaders' actions regarding the tomb—continuing the narrative sequence tied to the Preparation and Sabbath mentioned in Mark 15:42.
Alternative generated candidates
- And when evening had come, since it was the day of Preparation— that is, the day before the Sabbath—
- And when evening had come, since it was the day of Preparation—that is, the day before the Sabbath—
Mark.15.43 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ελθων: PART,aor,act,nom,sg,m
- Ιωσηφ: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- απο: PREP
- Αριμαθαιας: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- ευσχημων: ADJ,nom,sg,m
- βουλευτης: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- ος: PRON,nom,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- αυτος: PRON,nom,sg,3,m
- ην: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- προσδεχομενος: VERB,pres,mid,ptc,nom,m,sg
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- βασιλειαν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- θεου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- τολμησας: VERB,aor,act,ptc,nom,m,sg
- εισηλθεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- προς: PREP
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- Πιλατον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- ητησατο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,sg
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- σωμα: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- Ιησου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- Matthew 27:57-60 (verbal): Matthew records Joseph of Arimathea approaching Pilate to ask for Jesus' body and laying it in his own new tomb, closely paralleling Mark's account of Joseph's request and burial provision.
- Luke 23:50-53 (verbal): Luke identifies Joseph from Arimathea, notes he had not agreed to the council's decision and was awaiting God's kingdom, and describes his petition to Pilate for Jesus' body—echoing Mark's characterization and action.
- John 19:38-42 (verbal): John portrays Joseph (a disciple, secretly at first) asking Pilate for Jesus' body and, with Nicodemus, preparing and burying him in a new tomb; this complements Mark's report of Joseph's bold request and the burial.
- Isaiah 53:9 (allusion): Isaiah speaks of the servant being assigned a grave with the wicked yet with the rich in his death; early Christian readers saw the burial in a rich man's (Joseph's) new tomb as fulfilling this prophetic motif.
Alternative generated candidates
- Joseph of Arimathea, a respected member of the council, who himself was also looking for the kingdom of God, came and boldly went in to Pilate and asked for the body of Jesus.
- Joseph of Arimathea, a respected member of the council, who himself was waiting for the kingdom of God, came; he boldly went in to Pilate and asked for the body of Jesus.
Mark.15.44 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- δε: CONJ
- Πιλατος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- εθαυμασεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- ει: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- ηδη: ADV
- τεθνηκεν: VERB,perf,act,ind,3,sg
- και: CONJ
- προσκαλεσαμενος: VERB,aor,mid,ptc,nom,sg,m
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- κεντυριωνα: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- επηρωτησεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- ει: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- παλαι: ADV
- απεθανεν·: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
Parallels
- Matthew 27:57-60 (structural): Parallel narrative: Joseph of Arimathea asks Pilate for Jesus' body and takes it for burial. Matthew aligns with Mark's sequence though he omits Pilate's interrogation of the centurion.
- Luke 23:50-53 (structural): Parallel account: Joseph of Arimathea requests and removes Jesus' body for burial. Luke preserves the same basic structure and outcome as Mark's account.
- John 19:31-34 (thematic): Thematic parallel: Roman personnel confirm Jesus is dead (John: the soldiers observe his death and a soldier pierces his side). Echoes Mark's detail that Pilate verifies death by questioning the centurion.
- Isaiah 53:9 (allusion): Prophetic allusion: 'Assigned a grave with the wicked, yet with the rich in his death' — background for the burial by Joseph of Arimathea (a rich man) in the narrative surrounding Pilate's release of the body.
Alternative generated candidates
- Pilate marveled that he was already dead; and calling the centurion, he asked him whether he had been dead for some time.
- Pilate marveled that he was already dead; and calling the centurion, he asked him whether he had been dead for some time.
Mark.15.45 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- γνους: VERB,aor,act,ptc,nom,sg,m
- απο: PREP
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- κεντυριωνος: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- εδωρησατο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,sg
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- πτωμα: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- Ιωσηφ: NOUN,dat,sg,m
Parallels
- Matthew 27:57-60 (verbal): Matthew records Joseph of Arimathea asking Pilate for Jesus' body and laying it in his own new tomb (paralleling the transfer of the corpse to Joseph).
- Luke 23:50-53 (verbal): Luke likewise describes Joseph of Arimathea taking Jesus' body and placing it in a tomb, emphasizing Joseph's righteousness and his role in the burial.
- John 19:38-42 (verbal): John recounts Joseph (with Nicodemus) receiving Jesus' body, binding it with spices and linen, and burying it in a new tomb—another attestation of the same burial act.
- Mark 15:44 (structural): The immediate context: Pilate, noting Jesus was already dead, grants the body—this verse forms the direct narrative link to 15:45 and explains why the centurion/authority releases the corpse to Joseph.
Alternative generated candidates
- And when he learned it from the centurion, he granted the body to Joseph.
- And when he learned this from the centurion, he granted the body to Joseph.
Mark.15.46 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- αγορασας: VERB,aor,act,ptc,nom,sg,m
- σινδονα: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- καθελων: VERB,aor,act,ptc,nom,sg,m
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- ενειλησεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- τη: ART,dat,sg,f
- σινδονι: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- εθηκεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- εν: PREP
- μνημειω: NOUN,dat,sg,n
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- ην: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- λελατομημενον: VERB,perf,pass,ptc,nom,sg,n
- εκ: PREP
- πετρας: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- προσεκυλισεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- λιθον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- επι: PREP
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- θυραν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- μνημειου: NOUN,gen,sg,n
Parallels
- Matthew 27:57-60 (verbal): Matthew’s account parallels Mark closely: Joseph of Arimathea takes Jesus’ body, wraps it in clean linen, lays it in his own new rock-hewn tomb, and rolls a large stone against the entrance.
- Luke 23:50-53 (verbal): Luke likewise records Joseph asking Pilate, taking Jesus down, wrapping him in linen, and laying him in a tomb cut out of rock—same sequence and burial actions as Mark.
- John 19:38-42 (verbal): John describes Joseph (and Nicodemus) taking Jesus’ body, preparing it with linen (and spices), placing it in a new tomb in the garden, and sealing/rolling a stone, echoing Mark’s burial details.
- Isaiah 53:9 (allusion): Isaiah’s prophecy that the servant ‘was assigned a grave with the wicked, and with the rich in his death’ is read by the NT as anticipating Jesus’ burial in the tomb of the rich (Joseph), a prophetic allusion underlying the Gospel burial narratives.
- Psalm 16:10 (thematic): Psalm 16:10’s theme—God will not abandon his Holy One to decay—is thematically linked to the burial scene as the precursor to vindication/resurrection in the Gospel tradition.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Joseph bought a linen cloth, took him down, wrapped him in the linen, and laid him in a tomb that had been hewn out of rock; and he rolled a stone against the entrance of the tomb.
- Joseph bought a linen cloth, took him down, wrapped him in the linen, and laid him in a tomb hewn out of the rock, and rolled a stone against the door of the tomb.
Mark.15.47 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- δε: CONJ
- Μαρια: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- Μαγδαληνη: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- Μαρια: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- Ιωσητος: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- εθεωρουν: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,pl
- που: ADV
- τεθειται: VERB,perf,pass,ind,3,sg
Parallels
- Matthew 27:61 (verbal): Matthew names 'Mary Magdalene and the other Mary' as present at the burial, closely paralleling Mark's report that the two Marys saw where Jesus was laid (parallel Synoptic tradition).
- Luke 23:55-56 (verbal): Luke explicitly says the women who had followed from Galilee 'saw the tomb and how his body was laid,' echoing Mark's statement that the women observed where Jesus was placed.
- John 19:25 (thematic): John lists at the cross 'his mother, his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene,' connecting the presence of Marys and Mary Magdalene at Jesus' death with their role in the burial scene in Mark.
- Mark 16:1 (structural): The next pericope in Mark returns to Mary Magdalene and the other Mary (here identified as the mother of James) coming to anoint Jesus, forming a direct narrative continuation and confirming these women's central role in the burial and resurrection storyline.
Alternative generated candidates
- Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of Joses saw where he was laid.
- Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of Joses saw where he was laid.
And when evening had come, because it was the day of Preparation—that is, the day before the Sabbath—
Joseph of Arimathea, a respected member of the council who himself was also looking for the kingdom of God, came and boldly went to Pilate and asked for the body of Jesus.
Pilate was surprised that he should already be dead. Calling the centurion, he asked him whether he had been dead for some time.
When he learned this from the centurion, he granted the body to Joseph.
Joseph bought a linen cloth, took him down, wrapped him in the linen, and laid him in a tomb cut out of the rock, and rolled a stone against the entrance of the tomb; and he went away.
Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of Joses saw where he was laid.