Jesus Redefines His Family
Luke 8:19-21
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Luke.8.19 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Παρεγενετο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,sg
- δε: CONJ
- προς: PREP
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- μητηρ: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- και: CONJ
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- αδελφοι: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- ουκ: PART,neg
- ηδυναντο: VERB,impf,mid,ind,3,pl
- συντυχειν: VERB,pres,act,inf
- αυτω: PRON,dat,sg,m
- δια: PREP
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- οχλον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
Parallels
- Mark 3:31-35 (verbal): Direct synoptic parallel: Jesus' mother and brothers arrive and are unable to reach him because of the crowd; Mark records the same episode and Jesus' redefinition of family.
- Matthew 12:46-50 (verbal): Synoptic parallel to Luke 8:19/Mark 3:31–35: Matthew also narrates the arrival of Jesus' mother and brothers and Jesus' teaching about the true family of God.
- John 7:3-5 (thematic): Related family episode: Jesus' brothers urge him to go to Judea (seeking public demonstration), and the Gospel notes that his brothers did not believe in him—illuminates family dynamics behind Luke's brief report.
- Mark 6:3 (cf. Matthew 13:55) (allusion): Background reference to Jesus' family: lists the names of Jesus' brothers and mentions sisters, providing context for Luke's mention of 'mother and brothers' as part of Jesus' known family network.
Alternative generated candidates
- Then his mother and his brothers came to him, but they could not get near him because of the crowd.
- Then his mother and his brothers came to him, but they could not reach him because of the crowd.
Luke.8.20 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- απηγγελη: VERB,aor,pass,ind,3,sg
- δε: CONJ
- αυτω·Η: PRON,dat,sg,m
- μητηρ: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- σου: PRON,gen,sg,2
- και: CONJ
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- αδελφοι: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- σου: PRON,gen,sg,2
- εστηκασιν: VERB,perf,act,ind,3,pl
- εξω: ADV
- ιδειν: VERB,aor,act,inf
- σε: PRON,acc,sg,2
- θελοντες: PART,pres,act,nom,pl,m
Parallels
- Matthew 12:46-50 (quotation): Same narrative moment: Jesus is told his mother and brothers are outside; Jesus replies by redefining true family as those who do God's will.
- Mark 3:31-35 (quotation): Parallel account of the incident—Jesus' mother and brothers arrive and he identifies his true family as those who do the will of God.
- Luke 11:27-28 (thematic): A related Lucan theme: a bystander praises Jesus' mother, and Jesus emphasizes that blessing belongs to those who hear and obey God's word, redefining familial blessing.
- John 7:3-5 (thematic): Shows family dynamics in John: Jesus' brothers urge him to go to Judea and do not believe in him, highlighting tensions between biological kinship and faith in Jesus.
Alternative generated candidates
- And someone told him, "Your mother and your brothers are standing outside, wishing to see you."
- And it was reported to him, one by one, who said, "Your mother and your brothers are standing outside, seeking you."
Luke.8.21 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- δε: CONJ
- αποκριθεις: VERB,aor,pass,ptc,nom,sg,m
- ειπεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- προς: PREP
- αυτους·Μητηρ: PRON,acc,pl,3
- μου: PRON,gen,sg,1
- και: CONJ
- αδελφοι: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- μου: PRON,gen,sg,1
- ουτοι: PRO,nom,pl,m
- εισιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,pl
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- λογον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- θεου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- ακουοντες: VERB,pres,act,part,nom,pl,m
- και: CONJ
- ποιουντες: VERB,pres,act,part,nom,pl,m
Parallels
- Mark 3:31-35 (quotation): Parallel Synoptic account: Jesus is told his family is outside and responds that his true family are those who do God's will (includes the same saying identifying his brothers and mother).
- Matthew 12:46-50 (quotation): Synoptic parallel: Jesus answers the report about his mother and brothers by redefining kinship in terms of doing the Father's will (closely parallels Luke's wording and intent).
- Luke 11:27-28 (verbal): Close verbal parallel within Luke: a woman blesses Jesus' mother and he replies that those who hear God's word and keep it are blessed—same teaching about hearing and doing the word.
- James 1:22 (thematic): Thematic parallel in early Christian instruction: the imperative to be 'doers of the word, and not hearers only' echoes Luke's identification of Jesus' true family as those who not only hear but obey God's word.
- Romans 2:13 (thematic): Thematic connection: Paul's statement that it is the doers of the law who will be justified resonates with Jesus' emphasis on doing God's will as constitutive of true kinship.
Alternative generated candidates
- But he answered, "My mother and my brothers are those who hear the word of God and do it."
- He answered, "My mother and my brothers are those who hear the word of God and do it."
Then his mother and his brothers came to him, but they could not reach him because of the crowd. And it was reported to him, "Your mother and your brothers are standing outside, seeking you." But he answered and said, "My mother and my brothers are those who hear the word of God and act on it."