Wives and Husbands: Mutual Honor and Conduct
1 Peter 3:1-7
Genesis
Exodus
Leviticus
Numbers
Deuteronomy
Joshua
Judges
Ruth
1 Samuel
2 Samuel
1 Kings
2 Kings
1 Chronicles
2 Chronicles
Ezra
Nehemiah
Esther
Job
Psalm
Proverbs
Ecclesiastes
Song
Isaiah
Jeremiah
Lamentations
Ezekiel
Daniel
Hosea
Joel
Amos
Jonah
Micah
Nahum
Habakkuk
Zephaniah
Haggai
Zechariah
Malachi
Matthew
Mark
Luke
John
Acts
Romans
1 Corinthians
2 Corinthians
Galatians
Ephesians
Philippians
Colossians
1 Thessalonians
2 Thessalonians
1 Timothy
2 Timothy
Titus
Philemon
Hebrews
James
1 Peter
2 Peter
1 John
Jude
Revelation
1Pet.3.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Ομοιως: ADV
- γυναικες: NOUN,nom,pl,f
- υποτασσομεναι: VERB,pres,mid/pass,part,nom,pl,f
- τοις: ART,dat,pl,n
- ιδιοις: ADJ,dat,pl,m
- ανδρασιν: NOUN,dat,pl,m
- ινα: CONJ
- και: CONJ
- ει: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- τινες: PRON,nom,pl,m
- απειθουσιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,pl
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- λογω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
- δια: PREP
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- γυναικων: NOUN,gen,pl,f
- αναστροφης: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- ανευ: PREP
- λογου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- κερδηθησονται: VERB,fut,pass,ind,3,pl
Parallels
- Ephesians 5:22-24 (verbal): Uses the same household-submission language—'wives, submit to your husbands'—and grounds wives' submission in the order of Christ and the church, closely echoing Peter's injunction to wives to be subject to their own husbands.
- Colossians 3:18 (verbal): A concise parallel command—'Wives, submit to your husbands'—repeating the same imperative and household ethic found in 1 Peter 3:1.
- Titus 2:4-5 (verbal): Directs older women to teach younger women to love their husbands and be 'self-controlled, pure, workers at home, kind, being subject to their own husbands,' matching Peter's emphasis on wives' conduct and submission.
- 1 Corinthians 7:13-14 (thematic): Addresses marriages where one spouse is unbelieving; like 1 Peter 3:1 (which hopes unbelieving husbands may be won), 1 Cor 7 speaks of the believing spouse's positive influence and the sanctifying effect on the unbelieving partner.
- 1 Peter 2:18 (structural): Within the same epistle Peter issues a parallel command to 'servants, be subject to your masters,' using similar imperative syntax and theologically framing submission as a Christian witness in potentially unjust social relationships.
Alternative generated candidates
- Likewise, wives, be subject to your own husbands, so that if any refuse to obey the word, they may be won without a word by the conduct of their wives,
1Pet.3.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- εποπτευσαντες: VERB,aor,act,part,nom,pl,m
- την: ART,acc,sg,f
- εν: PREP
- φοβω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
- αγνην: ADJ,acc,sg,f
- αναστροφην: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- υμων: PRON,gen,pl,2
Parallels
- 1 Peter 3:1 (structural): Immediate literary context — 3:2 completes the clause that begins in 3:1 about wives whose behavior may win unbelieving husbands without a word.
- 1 Peter 1:15-16 (verbal): Uses related vocabulary and theme (ἀναστροφὴ, call to holiness): both passages link outward conduct (conduct/behavior) with the call to be holy and pure before God.
- Titus 2:4-5 (thematic): Pauline instruction for older women to teach younger women to be chaste, self-controlled, homemakers and good — parallels the emphasis on purity and proper feminine conduct in the household.
- Ephesians 5:22-24 (thematic): Exhortation about wives' submission and proper conduct within the marriage relationship; thematically parallel in prescribing a reverent, ordered wife‑behavior within Christian households.
- 1 Thessalonians 4:3-5 (thematic): Call to sexual purity and sanctification ('in sanctification and honor') — parallels 1 Pet 3:2's stress on chaste/pure conduct as part of Christian ethical life.
Alternative generated candidates
- when they observe your chaste conduct accompanied by reverence.
1Pet.3.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ων: PRON,gen,pl,m
- εστω: VERB,pres,act,imp,3,sg
- ουχ: PART,neg
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- εξωθεν: ADV
- εμπλοκης: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- τριχων: NOUN,gen,pl,f
- και: CONJ
- περιθεσεως: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- χρυσιων: NOUN,gen,pl,n
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- ενδυσεως: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- ιματιων: NOUN,gen,pl,neut
- κοσμος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
Parallels
- 1 Timothy 2:9-10 (verbal): Similar language about women's apparel and adornment—urges modest dress and good works rather than ostentatious ornament.
- 1 Peter 3:4 (structural): Immediate literary parallel/contrast: shifts from external adornment (v.3) to the 'incorruptible ornament' of a gentle and quiet spirit as the proper beauty.
- Proverbs 11:22 (thematic): Contrasts outward beauty with inner discretion—'a ring of gold in a pig's snout' highlights the mismatch of external adornment without inner virtue.
- Isaiah 3:16-24 (thematic): Depicts women’s ornaments and fine clothing as focal points of pride and subsequent judgment—addresses cultural emphasis on external adornment.
- 1 Corinthians 11:15 (verbal): Discusses hair as a sign of honor for women; connects to 1 Pet 3:3's specific mention of braided hair while reflecting different theological emphasis.
Alternative generated candidates
- Do not let your adornment be merely outward—braiding the hair and wearing gold or putting on garments—
1Pet.3.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- αλλ᾽ο: CONJ
- κρυπτος: ADJ,nom,sg,m
- της: ART,gen,sg,f
- καρδιας: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- ανθρωπος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- εν: PREP
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- αφθαρτω: ADJ,dat,sg,m
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- πραεως: ADJ,gen,sg,n
- και: CONJ
- ησυχιου: ADJ,gen,sg,n
- πνευματος: NOUN,gen,sg,n
- ο: ART,nom,sg,m
- εστιν: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- ενωπιον: PREP
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- θεου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- πολυτελες: ADJ,nom,sg,n
Parallels
- Proverbs 31:30 (thematic): Contrasts external charm with inner devotion — ‘charm is deceitful… but a woman who fears the LORD shall be praised,’ echoing value of inner character over outward adornment.
- Matthew 11:29 (verbal): Jesus described himself as ‘meek and lowly in heart,’ paralleling the language of a gentle/quiet (meek) spirit and the emphasis on heart-attitude.
- Galatians 5:22-23 (thematic): Lists ‘gentleness’ (πραΰτης) as a fruit of the Spirit; connects the inward moral quality commended as the ‘incorruptible’ ornament in 1 Peter 3:4.
- Psalm 51:17 (allusion): ‘The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit… a contrite heart’ — stresses that a humble, inward heart is accepted and valued by God, resonant with ‘precious in the sight of God.’
Alternative generated candidates
- but let it be the hidden person of the heart, the imperishable ornament of a gentle and quiet spirit, which before God is very precious.
1Pet.3.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ουτως: ADV
- γαρ: PART
- ποτε: ADV
- και: CONJ
- αι: ART,nom,pl,f
- αγιαι: ADJ,nom,pl,f
- γυναικες: NOUN,nom,pl,f
- αι: ART,nom,pl,f
- ελπιζουσαι: VERB,pres,act,ptc,nom,pl,f
- εις: PREP
- θεον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- εκοσμουν: VERB,impf,mid,ind,3,pl
- εαυτας: PRON,acc,pl,f
- υποτασσομεναι: VERB,pres,mid,ptc,nom,pl,f
- τοις: ART,dat,pl,n
- ιδιοις: ADJ,dat,pl,m
- ανδρασιν: NOUN,dat,pl,m
Parallels
- Ephesians 5:22-24 (thematic): Commands wives to be subject to their husbands; parallels the same ethical expectation of marital submission and the analogy of order within the household.
- Colossians 3:18 (verbal): A direct imperative to wives to 'submit to your husbands,' mirroring the language and household ethic found in 1 Peter 3:5.
- Titus 2:3-5 (thematic): Older women are instructed to teach younger women to love their husbands and be self-controlled and pure—similar pastoral concern for female conduct and marital roles.
- 1 Peter 3:3-6 (structural): Immediate context: contrasts outward adornment with the 'hidden person' and appeals to holy women of old (e.g., Sarah) who adorned themselves by being submissive—directly parallels wording and exemplars.
- Proverbs 31:10-31 (thematic): Portrait of the virtuous wife whose character and household conduct honor her husband; thematically related to biblical ideals of godly womanhood and marital propriety.
Alternative generated candidates
- For in this way once also the holy women who hoped in God adorned themselves, being submissive to their own husbands;
1Pet.3.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ως: ADV
- Σαρρα: NOUN,nom,sg,f
- υπηκουσεν: VERB,fut,act,ind,3,sg
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- Αβρααμ: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- κυριον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- καλουσα·ης: PART,pres,act,nom,sg,f
- εγενηθητε: VERB,aor,pass,ind,2,pl
- τεκνα: NOUN,acc,pl,neut
- αγαθοποιουσαι: PART,pres,act,nom,pl,f
- και: CONJ
- μη: PART
- φοβουμεναι: PART,pres,mp,nom,pl,f
- μηδεμιαν: ADJ,acc,sg,f
- πτοησιν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
Parallels
- Genesis 18:12 (verbal): Sarah internally laughs and in the narrative calls Abraham 'my lord' (LXX/KJV and other traditions), the precise verbal background Peter alludes to when he says 'as Sarah obeyed Abraham, calling him lord.'
- Ephesians 5:22-24 (thematic): Paul's instruction that wives submit to their husbands 'as to the Lord' parallels Peter's counsel to wives to be subject and to model holy behavior within the household—both appeal to Christian submission as a virtue.
- Titus 2:4-5 (thematic): Paulic counsel to train younger women to love their husbands, be self-controlled and subject to their own husbands echoes Peter's exhortation that Christian wives show good conduct and proper relations toward their husbands.
- Proverbs 31:25 (thematic): The virtuous woman clothed with strength and dignity who 'laughs at the time to come' or is not afraid parallels Peter's phrase about doing good and not being frightened by any terror—portraying the godly wife's courage and faithful conduct.
Alternative generated candidates
- as Sarah obeyed Abraham, calling him lord. You are her children if you do what is good and are not frightened by any terror.
1Pet.3.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- ανδρες: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- ομοιως: ADV
- συνοικουντες: PART,pres,act,nom,pl,m
- κατα: PREP
- γνωσιν: VERB,fut,act,ind,3,pl
- ως: ADV
- ασθενεστερω: ADJ,dat,sg,m,comp
- σκευει: NOUN,dat,sg,n
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- γυναικειω: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- απονεμοντες: PART,pres,mp,nom,pl,m
- τιμην: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- ως: ADV
- και: CONJ
- συγκληρονομοις: NOUN,dat,pl,m
- χαριτος: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- ζωης: NOUN,gen,sg,f
- εις: PREP
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- μη: PART
- εγκοπτεσθαι: VERB,pres,mp,inf
- τας: ART,acc,pl,f
- προσευχας: NOUN,acc,pl,f
- υμων: PRON,gen,pl,2
Parallels
- Ephesians 5:25-33 (thematic): Both passages instruct husbands about their duties toward wives—honoring, caring for, and loving them (Eph. emphasizes sacrificial love as Christ for the church), paralleling 1 Pet.'s call to understanding and honor as co‑heirs of life’s grace.
- Colossians 3:19 (thematic): A concise parallel exhortation to husbands (do not be harsh/act rightly toward your wives), echoing 1 Peter’s moral demand that husbands honor and treat wives with respect.
- Genesis 2:18,24 (allusion): 1 Peter’s marital language (complementary relationship, joint status) alludes to creation traditions—woman as helper and the one‑flesh unity that grounds duties and mutuality in marriage.
- 1 Corinthians 7:3-5 (thematic): Both texts emphasize proper conduct within marriage and mutual responsibilities between spouses (conjugal duties, mutual regard), supporting 1 Peter’s aim of orderly, respectful marital relations.
- Isaiah 59:2 (thematic): Isaiah’s theme that sin separates from God and hinders prayer parallels 1 Peter’s warning that mistreating a wife (failing in marital duty) can result in prayers being hindered.
Alternative generated candidates
- Likewise, husbands, live with your wives in knowledge, giving honor to the wife as to the weaker vessel and as fellow heirs of the grace of life, so that your prayers may not be hindered.
Likewise, wives, be subject to your own husbands, so that even if some do not obey the word, they may be won without a word by the conduct of their wives.
When they see your respectful and pure conduct.
Do not let your adorning be the outward braiding of hair and the wearing of gold or the putting on of garments,
but let it be the hidden person of the heart, in the imperishable beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is precious before God.
For in this way once the holy women who hoped in God adorned themselves, being submissive to their own husbands.
As Sarah obeyed Abraham, calling him lord; and you are her children if you do what is right and do not fear.
Likewise, husbands, live with your wives in an understanding way, giving honor to the woman as to the weaker vessel, since they are heirs together of the grace of life—so that your prayers may not be hindered.