Nadab's Reign and Baasha's Conspiracy
1 Kings 15:25-32
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1 K.15.25 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ונדב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ירבעם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- על: PREP
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בשנת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,constr
- שתים: NUM,f,pl,abs
- לאסא: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- וימלך: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- על: PREP
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שנתים: NOUN,f,du,abs
Parallels
- 1 Kings 15:27 (structural): Immediate narrative continuation: Baasha assassinates Nadab and destroys the house of Jeroboam, directly following Nadab’s two‑year reign.
- 1 Kings 15:28 (structural): Chronological follow‑on: records Baasha’s accession in the third year of Asa and his 24‑year reign, tying the synchronisms of Israel and Judah together.
- 1 Kings 14:10–16 (allusion): Prophecy of Ahijah pronouncing the end of Jeroboam’s house because of sin — provides the theological rationale for the destruction of Jeroboam’s dynasty (fulfilled in Nadab’s assassination).
- 2 Chronicles 16:1 (thematic): Shows the ongoing Israel–Judah rivalry under Asa and Baasha; highlights the same political context and synchronism between Asa’s reign and the kings of Israel.
Alternative generated candidates
- In the second year of Asa king of Judah, Nadab son of Jeroboam began to reign over Israel; he reigned two years.
- Nadab son of Jeroboam reigned over Israel in the second year of Asa king of Judah; he reigned over Israel two years.
1 K.15.26 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויעש: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- הרע: ADJ,m,sg,def
- בעיני: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- וילך: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- בדרך: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אביו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
- ובחטאתו: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+suf3,m
- אשר: PRON,rel
- החטיא: VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Kings 15:34 (verbal): Uses the same royal formula—'did evil in the sight of the LORD' and 'walked in the way of Jeroboam'—paralleling the language about a king perpetuating his father's sin.
- 1 Kings 16:30–33 (verbal): Ahab is said to have 'done more evil... than all who were before him,' continuing the motif of kings judged for leading Israel into idolatry and sin.
- 2 Kings 10:31 (verbal): States that Jehu 'did not turn from the sins of Jeroboam' and 'made Israel sin,' echoing the charge that a king caused Israel to continue in sin.
- 1 Kings 12:28–30 (thematic): Describes Jeroboam's establishment of golden calves and how he 'caused Israel to sin,' providing the background for later kings being accused of following 'the sin which he made Israel commit.'
Alternative generated candidates
- He did evil in the sight of the LORD, and walked in the ways of his father and in the sin by which he caused Israel to sin.
- He did evil in the sight of the LORD and walked in the way of his father, and in the sin with which he made Israel sin.
1 K.15.27 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויקשר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- עליו: PREP,3,m,sg
- בעשא: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אחיה: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- לבית: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,cns
- יששכר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויכהו: CONJ+VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg+PRON,3,m,sg
- בעשא: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בגבתון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לפלשתים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,def
- ונדב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- צרים: ADJ,m,pl
- על: PREP
- גבתון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Kgs 15:28 (structural): Immediate continuation of the same episode: Baasha's conspiracy and assassination of Nadab at Gibbethon, giving the full account of the coup and Baasha's accession.
- 1 Kgs 16:8-10 (verbal): Zimri's conspiracy and murder of King Elah at Tirzah echoes the pattern of a servant or rival assassinating a reigning Israelite king in the royal residence/city.
- Judges 9:50-57 (thematic): Abimelech is mortally wounded during the siege of Thebez—another episode where a besieging or besieged leader is struck down amid urban warfare, highlighting the motif of violence at a city siege.
- 2 Kgs 9:24-26 (thematic): Jehu's violent overthrow of Joram (and the killing of kings in the course of a coup) parallels the dynastic assassination in 1 Kgs 15:27 as part of Israel's recurring pattern of royal usurpation by force.
Alternative generated candidates
- Baasha son of Ahijah of the house of Issachar conspired against him; and Baasha struck him at Gibbethon, which belongs to the Philistines, while Nadab and all Israel were besieging Gibbethon.
- Baasha son of Ahijah of the house of Issachar conspired against him and struck him at Gibbethon, which belongs to the Philistines; for Nadab and all Israel were besieging Gibbethon.
1 K.15.28 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וימתהו: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg,obj:3,m,sg
- בעשא: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בשנת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,cons
- שלש: NUM,card,f,sg
- לאסא: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- וימלך: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- תחתיו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- 1Kgs.15.8 (verbal): Uses the same succession formula (“slept with his fathers; and his son reigned in his stead”)—death of a king followed by his son Asa’s accession in the narrative pattern.
- 1Kgs.11.43 (structural): Solomon’s death and Rehoboam’s accession employ the same structural wording and royal succession motif found here.
- 1Kgs.16.28 (verbal): Omri’s death and Ahab’s succession use identical language about a king’s death and his son taking the throne, a common kronistic formula.
- 1Kgs.14.20 (allusion): Rehoboam’s death and Abijah’s accession mirror the dynastic succession theme and phrasing of a king dying and his son reigning in his place.
Alternative generated candidates
- He was slain by Baasha in the third year of Asa king of Judah, and Baasha reigned in his place.
- So in the third year of Asa king of Judah Baasha killed him and reigned in his place.
1 K.15.29 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- כמלכו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,cs+PRON,3,m,sg
- הכה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- כל: DET
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ירבעם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- השאיר: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- כל: DET
- נשמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לירבעם: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- עד: PREP
- השמדו: VERB,hifil,perf,3,m,sg+PRON,3,m,sg
- כדבר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ביד: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- עבדו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
- אחיה: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- השילני: ADJ,m,sg,def
Parallels
- 1 Kgs 14:7-16 (quotation): Ahijah the Shilonite's prophecy pronouncing that the house of Jeroboam would be cut off; 1 Kgs 15:29 presents the killing as fulfillment of that word.
- 1 Kgs 11:29-39 (allusion): Earlier oracle of Ahijah to Jeroboam concerning the rise and destiny of his house; identifies the same prophet whose word is here fulfilled.
- 2 Kgs 10:11 (verbal): Jehu's slaughter of Ahab's household (‘not one remained’) shows the same motif and language of total destruction of a rival royal house as decisive divine judgment.
- 1 Sam 15:3 (verbal): Samuel's commission to Saul to devote enemies to destruction uses similar phrasing (‘let nothing that breathe remain’), reflecting the biblical trope of complete annihilation as fulfillment of divine command.
Alternative generated candidates
- When he had become king, Baasha struck all the house of Jeroboam; he left not to Jeroboam one who breathed, until he had destroyed him, according to the word of the LORD which he spoke by his servant Ahijah the Shilonite.
- When he had become king he struck all the house of Jeroboam; he left not to Jeroboam one who breathed, until he had destroyed him, according to the word of the LORD spoken by his servant Ahijah the Shilonite.
1 K.15.30 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- על: PREP
- חטאות: NOUN,f,pl,const
- ירבעם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשר: PRON,rel
- חטא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- ואשר: CONJ+PRON,rel
- החטיא: VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בכעסו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+SUFF,3,m,sg
- אשר: PRON,rel
- הכעיס: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Kings 12:26-33 (structural): Narrative of how Jeroboam set up the two golden calves and alternative worship in Israel — the origin of the sins that led Israel into idolatry.
- 1 Kings 13:33 (verbal): States that Jeroboam made 'priests of the lowest of the people' for the high places — a concrete detail of the illicit cultic system that caused Israel to sin.
- 1 Kings 14:9-16 (quotation): Ahijah’s prophecy to Jeroboam’s house explicitly charges Jeroboam with causing Israel to sin and announces divine judgment, echoing the accusation and consequence language of 1 Kgs 15:30.
- 2 Chronicles 11:15-17 (thematic): Chronicles’ account of the priests and Levites who left Judah and the establishment of rival worship under Jeroboam, showing the enduring institutional effects of his sin on Israel.
Alternative generated candidates
- Because of the sins of Jeroboam, which he sinned and by which he caused Israel to sin—through the provocations with which he provoked the LORD God of Israel.
- For the sins of Jeroboam which he sinned and which he caused Israel to sin, in the anger with which he provoked the LORD, the God of Israel.
1 K.15.31 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויתר: CONJ+ADJ,m,sg,abs
- דברי: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,1,c,sg
- נדב: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- אשר: PRON,rel
- עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- הלא: PART
- הם: PRON,personal,3,m,pl
- כתובים: VERB,pual,ptcp,m,pl
- על: PREP
- ספר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- דברי: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,1,c,sg
- הימים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- למלכי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cstr
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Kgs 11:41 (verbal): Same closing formula about the remainder of a king’s deeds being recorded: 'the rest of the acts of Solomon... are they not written in the book of the acts of Solomon' — a near-verbal parallel.
- 1 Kgs 15:7 (verbal): Same stock formula applied to another king in the same narrative: 'The rest of the acts of Abijam... are they not written in the book of the Chronicles of the kings of Judah'.
- 1 Kgs 15:24 (structural): Parallel concluding formula for Asa: the narrative ends by pointing readers to the book of the chronicles for the remaining acts — same structural function in the historiography.
- 2 Chr 9:29 (structural): Chronicles’ parallel to the Kings formula: a concluding reference to other records (books/chronicles) for the rest of a king’s deeds, showing the shared documentary convention between Kings and Chronicles.
Alternative generated candidates
- As for the rest of the acts of Nadab, and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?
- Now the rest of the acts of Nadab and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the annals of the kings of Israel?
1 K.15.32 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ומלחמה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- היתה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- בין: PREP
- אסא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ובין: CONJ+PREP
- בעשא: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מלך: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כל: DET
- ימיהם: NOUN,m,pl,cons,3,m,pl
Parallels
- 1 Kings 15:16 (verbal): Immediate parallel in the same narrative — Baasha king of Israel goes up against Judah and builds Ramah, initiating the hostility between Baasha and Asa.
- 1 Kings 15:18-19 (verbal): Describes Asa's response—taking temple treasuries to bribe Ben‑hadad of Aram so Baasha would withdraw from Ramah—showing how the war played out.
- 2 Chronicles 16:1-6 (quotation): Chronicler's retelling of the conflict: Baasha builds Ramah, Asa seeks help from Ben‑hadad, and Baasha withdraws; a parallel account of the same events.
- 2 Chronicles 16:7-10 (thematic): Continues the Chronicler's account with the prophet Hanani's rebuke of Asa for relying on Aram rather than the LORD and the political/theological consequences of his policy.
Alternative generated candidates
- And there was war between Asa and Baasha king of Israel all their days.
- And there was war between Asa and Baasha king of Israel all their days.
Nadab son of Jeroboam became king over Israel in the second year of Asa king of Judah, and he reigned over Israel two years.
He did what was evil in the sight of the LORD; he walked in the way of his father and in the sin by which he had led Israel to sin. But Baasha son of Ahijah of the house of Issachar conspired against him and struck him at Gibbethon, which belongs to the Philistines; for Nadab and all Israel were besieging Gibbethon. So Baasha killed him in the third year of Asa king of Judah, and Baasha reigned in his place.
When he had established himself, he struck all the house of Jeroboam; he left none who breathed from the house of Jeroboam—he destroyed them, as the LORD had declared by his servant Ahijah the Shilonite.
This was for the sins of Jeroboam, which he sinned and by which he made Israel sin, in the provocations with which he provoked the LORD God of Israel. And the rest of the acts of Nadab and all that he did—are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?
There was war between Asa and Baasha king of Israel all their days.