God Rebukes the Friends and Restores Job
Job 42:7-17
Job.42.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- אחר: PREP
- דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- הדברים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- האלה: DEM,pl
- אל: NEG
- איוב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אל: NEG
- אליפז: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- התימני: ADJ,m,sg,def
- חרה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- אפי: NOUN,m,sg,poss1s
- בך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg
- ובשני: CONJ+PREP,NUM,m,pl
- רעיך: NOUN,m,sg,abs,2,m,sg
- כי: CONJ
- לא: PART_NEG
- דברתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- אלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- נכונה: ADJ,f,sg,def
- כעבדי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cstr
- איוב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 50:16-21 (verbal): God rebukes those who have spoken or acted as if He were like them and announces He will reprove them—language and the motif of divine rebuke for wrong speech about God closely parallel Job 42:7.
- Jeremiah 23:16-22 (thematic): God denounces false prophets who speak what is not from Him and promises judgment—parallel in theme to God's condemnation of Job's friends for speaking wrongly about Him.
- Ezekiel 13:6-9 (thematic): Ezekiel condemns those who prophesy out of their own hearts and assures that their words will bring no help—echoes the criticism of misguided speech and its consequences in Job 42:7.
- Matthew 12:36-37 (thematic): Jesus teaches that people will be held accountable for their words—a New Testament parallel to the idea that speech about God carries divine judgment as in Job 42:7.
Alternative generated candidates
- And it came to pass after the LORD had spoken these words to Job that the LORD said to Eliphaz the Temanite, "My wrath is kindled against you and against your two friends, for you have not spoken of me what is right, as my servant Job has."
- After the LORD had spoken these words to Job, he said to Eliphaz the Temanite: my anger is kindled against you and against your two friends, because you have not spoken of me what is right, as my servant Job has.
Job.42.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ועתה: CONJ
- קחו: VERB,qal,impv,2,pl
- לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
- שבעה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- פרים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ושבעה: NUM,m,pl,abs
- אילים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ולכו: VERB,qal,imp,2,pl
- אל: NEG
- עבדי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- איוב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- והעליתם: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- עולה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בעדכם: PREP,2,mp
- ואיוב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עבדי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- יתפלל: VERB,hitpael,impf,3,m,sg
- עליכם: PREP+PRON,2mp
- כי: CONJ
- אם: CONJ
- פניו: NOUN,m,pl,cons+3,m,sg
- אשא: VERB,qal,impf,1,sg
- לבלתי: PART,neg
- עשות: VERB,qal,inf
- עמכם: PREP+PRON,2,pl
- נבלה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- לא: PART_NEG
- דברתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
- אלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- נכונה: ADJ,f,sg,def
- כעבדי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cstr
- איוב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Genesis 20:7 (verbal): God tells Abimelech to restore Sarah because 'he is a prophet, and he shall pray for you, and you shall live'—closely parallels 'my servant Job shall pray for you' and the acceptance of the intercessor's prayer.
- Numbers 14:13-20 (thematic): Moses pleads with God to pardon Israel after their rebellion; like Job's friends, the people face divine wrath and a righteous intercessor stands between them and judgment.
- 1 Samuel 12:23 (thematic): Samuel declares he will not cease praying for Israel so that they may be forgiven—echoes the idea that a righteous leader's prayer can avert or mitigate divine punishment.
- 2 Samuel 24:25 (thematic): David builds an altar and offers burnt offerings to halt the plague sent for his sin; parallels the use of sacrifice and ritual atonement to avert God's discipline as prescribed in Job 42:8.
Alternative generated candidates
- Now therefore take for yourselves seven bulls and seven rams, and go to my servant Job, and offer up a burnt offering for yourselves; and my servant Job shall pray for you—for if I take note of you, I will deal with you severely, for you have not spoken of me what is right, as my servant Job has.
- And now take for yourselves seven bulls and seven rams, and go to my servant Job, and offer a burnt offering on your behalf; my servant Job shall pray for you, for I will accept him so that I do not deal with you according to your folly, because you have not spoken of me what is right, as my servant Job has.
Job.42.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וילכו: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,pl
- אליפז: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- התימני: ADJ,m,sg,def
- ובלדד: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- השוחי: ADJ,m,sg,def
- צפר: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- הנעמתי: ADJ,m,sg,def
- ויעשו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- כאשר: CONJ
- דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- וישא: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- פני: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- איוב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Job 42:10 (structural): Immediate narrative continuation: God restores Job’s fortunes after the friends obeyed God’s instruction and Job prays—directly linked to v.9’s report that they did as the LORD commanded.
- Exodus 32:11-14 (thematic): Moses intercedes for Israel and the LORD relents; both passages highlight human obedience/intercession leading to divine reversal or mercy.
- Joel 2:25 (thematic): God’s promise to restore what was lost echoes the theme of divine restoration of fortunes and years taken away—parallels Job’s recovery after suffering.
- Jeremiah 30:17 (thematic): A prophetic assurance of restoration and healing after affliction; similar motif of God restoring and blessing the afflicted.
- Hebrews 7:25 (allusion): Speaks of the power of intercession—Christ always intercedes to save completely—resonates with the pattern in Job where prayer/intercession leads to God’s restorative act.
Alternative generated candidates
- So Eliphaz the Temanite, Bildad the Shuhite, and Zophar the Naamathite went and did as the LORD had commanded them; and the LORD lifted up His face to Job.
- Eliphaz the Temanite and Bildad the Shuhite and Zophar the Naamathite went and did as the LORD commanded them; and the LORD showed favor to Job.
Job.42.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהוה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- שבות: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- איוב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בהתפללו: PREP+VERB,hitpael,perf,3,pl
- בעד: PREP
- רעהו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- ויסף: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- כל: DET
- אשר: PRON,rel
- לאיוב: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg
- למשנה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Exodus 32:11–14 (thematic): Moses intercedes for the people and God relents — parallels Job’s intercessory prayer for his friends leading to restoration.
- Isaiah 38:5–7 (thematic): God responds to Hezekiah’s prayer by adding years and reversing calamity — a model of divine restoration following petition.
- Isaiah 61:7 (verbal): Promise of receiving a ‘double’ in place of shame mirrors the doubling/restorative recompense given to Job.
- Psalm 30:11–12 (thematic): God turns mourning into joy and restores what was lost — thematically close to Job’s recovery and renewed blessing.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the LORD restored the fortunes of Job when he prayed for his friends; and the LORD gave Job twice as much as he had before.
- The LORD restored Job's fortunes when he prayed for his friends; and the LORD gave Job twice as much as he had before.
Job.42.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויבאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- אליו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- כל: DET
- אחיו: NOUN,3,m,sg,abs
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- אחיותיו: NOUN,f,pl,poss3ms
- וכל: CONJ+PRON,indef
- ידעיו: NOUN,m,pl,poss3ms
- לפנים: PREP
- ויאכלו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- עמו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
- לחם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בביתו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- וינדו: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- וינחמו: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
- אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
- על: PREP
- כל: DET
- הרעה: NOUN,f,sg,def
- אשר: PRON,rel
- הביא: VERB,hiphil,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- עליו: PREP,3,m,sg
- ויתנו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- קשיטה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- אחת: NUM,f,sg
- ואיש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נזם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- זהב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אחד: NUM,card,m,sg
Parallels
- Genesis 45:14-15 (verbal): Family reunion where brothers and sisters come to Joseph; he weeps, embraces them and they eat together—language and actions (weeping, kissing, eating) parallel Job’s relatives coming to comfort and eat with him.
- Genesis 45:22 (verbal): Joseph gives each of his brothers gifts/ornaments (changes of raiment, silver) on their return—parallels the giving of money and a gold earring to Job as tokens of restoration and honor.
- Luke 15:22-24 (thematic): The father’s welcome of the returning son (robe, ring, feast) thematically parallels restoration, acceptance, and communal celebration after reversal of fortune as in Job’s restoration and the gathering of kin to feast and console him.
- 2 Corinthians 1:3-4 (thematic): Paul’s description of God as the Comforter who comforts us so that we can comfort others echoes Job’s experience of being consoled after suffering—emphasis on divine comfort and human consolers acting as its instruments.
Alternative generated candidates
- And all his brothers and all his sisters and all who had known him before came to him, and ate bread with him in his house; and they comforted him and consoled him for all the evil that the LORD had brought upon him. Each one gave him a piece of money, and each one a gold ring.
- All his brothers and all his sisters and all who had formerly known him came to him, and ate bread with him in his house; they showed him sympathy and comforted him for all the evil the LORD had brought upon him, and each one gave him a piece of money and each a gold ring.
Job.42.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהוה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ברך: VERB,qal,inf,NA,NA,NA,NA
- את: PRT,acc
- אחרית: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- איוב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מראשתו: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- ארבעה: NUM,card,m,sg
- עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
- אלף: NUM,m,sg
- צאן: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- וששת: CONJ+NUM,card,pl
- אלפים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- גמלים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ואלף: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- צמד: NOUN,m,sg,const
- בקר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואלף: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אתונות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
Parallels
- Job 1:3 (verbal): Lists Job’s original wealth in livestock (sheep, camels, oxen, donkeys); Job 42:12 echoes that inventory to show restoration and increase.
- Genesis 30:43 (thematic): Reports Jacob’s extraordinary prosperity—large flocks, camels, servants—as an example of divine blessing resulting in multiplied livestock.
- Deuteronomy 28:4-5 (thematic): Part of the covenantal blessing promising increase of herds and flocks to the obedient; parallels the theme of God’s material blessing and multiplication.
- Psalm 107:38 (thematic): Speaks of God blessing and multiplying people so that their cattle do not decrease—echoes the motif of God’s restorative and multiplying blessing on livestock.
Alternative generated candidates
- The LORD blessed the latter days of Job more than his beginning; and he owned fourteen thousand sheep, six thousand camels, a thousand yoke of oxen, and a thousand female donkeys.
- The LORD blessed the latter days of Job more than his beginning; and he had fourteen thousand sheep, six thousand camels, a thousand pairs of oxen, and a thousand female donkeys.
Job.42.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- לו: PRON,3,m,sg
- שבענה: NUM,card,m,sg
- בנים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ושלוש: CONJ+NUM,f,sg
- בנות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
Parallels
- Job 1:2 (verbal): Exactly repeats the household composition “seven sons and three daughters” at the beginning of the book; Job 42:13 restores the same family count, emphasizing restoration.
- 1 Samuel 2:21 (structural): States that the LORD visited Hannah and she bore children (three sons and two daughters); parallels the motif of divine visitation resulting in multiple offspring and blessing after distress.
- Isaiah 54:1-3 (thematic): Promises that the barren woman will have many children and be enlarged; thematically echoes reversal from barrenness or loss to fruitfulness and multiplied offspring.
- Luke 1:57-58 (thematic): The birth of John to Elizabeth in her old age and the joy of her relatives parallels the motif of a surprising, divinely-given birth as a cause for restoration and rejoicing.
Alternative generated candidates
- And he had seven sons and three daughters.
- He had seven sons and three daughters.
Job.42.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויקרא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- שם: ADV
- האחת: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ימימה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ושם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- השנית: ADJ,ord,f,sg,def
- קציעה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ושם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- השלישית: ADJ,f,sg,def
- קרן: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הפוך: ADJ,f,sg,def
Parallels
- Job 1:2 (structural): Lists Job’s original children (seven sons and three daughters) before the trials; provides a structural contrast with the post-restoration daughters named in 42:14.
- Numbers 27:1-11 (thematic): The daughters of Zelophehad successfully claim an inheritance among their brothers; echoes Job 42:15’s note that Job gave his daughters an inheritance among their brothers.
- Isaiah 61:7 (thematic): Promises of double honor and restoration in place of shame parallel the wider context of Job 42, where Job is restored and honored after his suffering.
- Genesis 30:22-24 (verbal): Rachel’s naming of Joseph (giving a meaningful name to a child) parallels the practice seen in Job 42:14, which records the specific, meaningful names of Job’s daughters (Jemimah, Keziah, Keren-happuch).
Alternative generated candidates
- He named the first Jemimah, the second Keziah, and the third Keren‑Happuch.
- He named the first Jemimah, the second Keziah, and the third Keren‑Happuch.
Job.42.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ולא: CONJ
- נמצא: VERB,nip,perf,3,m,sg
- נשים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- יפות: ADJ,f,pl
- כבנות: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- איוב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בכל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
- ויתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- אביהם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,pl
- נחלה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- בתוך: PREP
- אחיהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs,suff,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Numbers 27:1-11 (structural): The daughters of Zelophehad appeal for a right to their father's inheritance among his brothers—an explicit legal precedent for daughters receiving an inheritance, paralleling Job's act of giving his daughters an inheritance among their brothers.
- Genesis 48:5-6,22 (thematic): Jacob assigns Joseph's sons a portion among the tribes and speaks of giving land to Joseph—a related theme of a father allocating inheritance/portion among brothers.
- Ruth 4:11-13 (thematic): Boaz's redemption secures land, a household, and an heir for Ruth and Naomi; thematically parallels restoration, transfer of property/lineage, and establishment of heirs after loss as in Job's restoration and his daughters' inheritance.
- Genesis 29:17 (verbal): Rachel is described as exceptionally beautiful ('beautiful in form and appearance'), paralleling the remark that nowhere in the land were there women as beautiful as Job's daughters.
Alternative generated candidates
- Nowhere in all the land were there found women as fair as the daughters of Job; and their father gave them an inheritance among their brothers.
- In all the land there were no women as fair as the daughters of Job; and their father gave them an inheritance among their brothers.
Job.42.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ויחי: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- איוב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אחרי: PREP
- זאת: DEM,f,sg
- מאה: NUM,f,sg,abs
- וארבעים: CONJ+NUM,card,m,pl
- שנה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ויראה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ואת: CONJ
- בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- בניו: NOUN,m,pl,cs
- ארבעה: NUM,card,m,sg
- דרות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 128:6 (thematic): Blessing formula that expresses the desire that one 'see' one's children's children—directly parallels Job's seeing four generations as a sign of blessing.
- Proverbs 17:6 (thematic): 'Children's children are a crown to the aged'—thematises grandchildren as a mark of blessed old age, echoing Job's long life and descendants.
- Proverbs 13:22 (thematic): Speaks of leaving an inheritance to 'children's children,' reflecting the theme of continuity and blessing across generations found in Job 42:16.
- Psalm 103:17–18 (thematic): Connects God’s enduring mercy with blessing 'to children's children' of those who keep his covenant, resonating with Job’s restoration and generational blessing.
- Genesis 47:28 (structural): Like Job 42:16, gives a brief post-restoration lifespan formula ('Jacob lived... an hundred forty and seven years'), paralleling the narrative device that reports long life and concluding generations.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Job lived after this a hundred and forty years, and saw his sons and his sons' sons, four generations.
- After this Job lived one hundred and forty years; he saw his children and his children's children to the fourth generation.
Job.42.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- וימת: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- איוב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- זקן: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- ושבע: NUM,m,sg,abs
- ימים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Genesis 25:8 (verbal): Abraham 'breathed his last and died in a good old age, an old man and full of years'—the same formulaic language describing a peaceful, full life and death.
- Genesis 35:29 (verbal): Isaac's death is described with the same wording ('old and full of years'), a close verbal parallel in patriarchal death notices.
- 1 Chronicles 29:28 (verbal): David 'died at a good old age, full of days, riches and honor'—echoes the phrase 'old and full of days,' linking long life with blessing and honor.
- Job 1:1 (structural): Book‑end relation: Job is introduced as blameless/upright at the outset; 42:17 completes the narrative arc with his death 'old and full of days,' emphasizing restoration and the poem's inclusio.
- Proverbs 3:2 (thematic): Speaks of 'length of days and long life' as a reward/blessing—reflects the broader biblical theme that long life ('full of days') is a sign of divine favor.
Alternative generated candidates
- And Job died, an old man and full of days.
- And Job died, old and full of days.
And it came to pass after the LORD had spoken these words to Job, that the LORD said to Eliphaz the Temanite, “My anger is kindled against you and against your two friends, because you have not spoken of me what is right, as my servant Job has.” Now therefore take for yourselves seven bulls and seven rams, and go to my servant Job and offer up a burnt offering for yourselves; and my servant Job shall pray for you—for I will accept his face and not deal with you according to your folly, for you have not spoken of me what is right, as my servant Job has.” So Eliphaz the Temanite and Bildad the Shuhite and Zophar the Naamathite went and did as the LORD commanded them; and the LORD accepted Job. And the LORD restored the fortunes of Job when he prayed for his friends; and the LORD gave Job twice as much as he had before. And all his brothers and all his sisters and all who had known him before came to him, and they ate bread with him in his house; and they comforted him and consoled him for all the evil that the LORD had brought upon him, and each one gave him a piece of silver and each a ring of gold. And the LORD blessed the latter end of Job more than his beginning; and he had fourteen thousand sheep, six thousand camels, a thousand yoke of oxen, and a thousand female donkeys. And he became the father of seven sons and three daughters. And he called the name of the first Jemimah, and the name of the second Keziah, and the name of the third Keren‑happuch.
In all the land there were no women found fairer than the daughters of Job; and their father gave them an inheritance among their brothers.
After this Job lived one hundred and forty years, and saw his sons and his sons’ sons to the fourth generation. So Job died, old and full of days.