Joseph’s Brothers Go to Egypt

Genesis 42:1-38

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Genesis

The Creation of the World 1:1-2:3 The Creation of Man and Woman 2:4-25 The Fall of Man 3:1-24 Cain and Abel 4:1-26 From Adam to Noah 5:1-32 The Flood 6:1-8:22 God’s Covenant with Noah 9:1-17 Noah’s Drunkenness and Curse 9:18-29 Nations Descended from Noah 10:1-32 The Tower of Babel 11:1-9 From Shem to Abram 11:10-32 The Call of Abram 12:1-9 Abram in Egypt 12:10-20 Abram and Lot Separate 13:1-18 Abram Rescues Lot 14:1-24 God’s Covenant with Abram 15:1-21 Hagar and Ishmael 16:1-16 The Covenant of Circumcision 17:1-27 A Son Promised to Sarah 18:1-15 Abraham Intercedes for Sodom 18:16-33 The Destruction of Sodom 19:1-29 The Origin of Moab and Ammon 19:30-38 Abraham and Abimelech 20:1-18 The Birth of Isaac 21:1-7 Hagar and Ishmael Sent Away 21:8-21 A Treaty with Abimelech 21:22-34 The Sacrifice of Isaac 22:1-19 Nahor’s Children 22:20-24 The Death and Burial of Sarah 23:1-20 A Wife for Isaac 24:1-67 The Death of Abraham 25:1-11 Ishmael’s Descendants 25:12-18 Esau and Jacob 25:19-34 Isaac and Abimelech 26:1-35 Jacob Takes Esau’s Blessing 27:1-40 Jacob Sent to Paddan-aram 27:41-28:9 Jacob’s Dream at Bethel 28:10-22 Jacob Meets Rachel 29:1-14 Jacob Marries Leah and Rachel 29:15-30 The Children of Jacob 29:31-30:24 Jacob’s Prosperity 30:25-43 Jacob Flees from Laban 31:1-21 Jacob and Laban Make a Covenant 31:22-55 Jacob Prepares to Meet Esau 32:1-21 Jacob Wrestles with God 32:22-32 Jacob Meets Esau 33:1-20 Dinah and the Shechemites 34:1-31 God Blesses Jacob at Bethel 35:1-15 Deaths of Rachel and Isaac 35:16-29 Esau’s Descendants 36:1-30 The Kings of Edom 36:31-43 Joseph’s Dreams 37:1-11 Joseph Sold by His Brothers 37:12-36 Judah and Tamar 38:1-30 Joseph and Potiphar’s Wife 39:1-23 Joseph Interprets Dreams in Prison 40:1-23 Pharaoh’s Dreams 41:1-40 Joseph Rises to Power 41:41-57 Joseph’s Brothers Go to Egypt 42:1-38 Joseph’s Brothers Return with Benjamin 43:1-34 The Silver Cup 44:1-34 Joseph Reveals Himself 45:1-28 Jacob Goes to Egypt 46:1-47:12 Joseph and the Famine 47:13-31 Jacob Blesses Ephraim and Manasseh 48:1-22 Jacob Blesses His Sons 49:1-28 The Death and Burial of Jacob 49:29-50:14 Joseph Reassures His Brothers 50:15-21 The Death of Joseph 50:22-26

Exodus

Israel Increases in Egypt 1:1-22 The Birth of Moses 2:1-10 Moses Flees to Midian 2:11-25 The Burning Bush 3:1-22 Signs for Moses 4:1-17 Moses Returns to Egypt 4:18-31 Moses and Aaron Before Pharaoh 5:1-21 God Promises Deliverance 5:22-6:12 The Genealogy of Moses and Aaron 6:13-27 Moses and Aaron Sent to Pharaoh 6:28-7:7 Aaron’s Staff Becomes a Serpent 7:8-13 The First Plague: Water to Blood 7:14-24 The Second Plague: Frogs 7:25-8:15 The Third Plague: Gnats 8:16-19 The Fourth Plague: Flies 8:20-32 The Fifth Plague: Livestock Die 9:1-7 The Sixth Plague: Boils 9:8-12 The Seventh Plague: Hail 9:13-35 The Eighth Plague: Locusts 10:1-20 The Ninth Plague: Darkness 10:21-29 A Final Plague Threatened 11:1-10 The Passover 12:1-30 The Exodus 12:31-42 Passover Regulations 12:43-51 Consecration of the Firstborn 13:1-16 Crossing the Red Sea 13:17-14:31 The Song of Moses 15:1-21 Bitter Water Made Sweet 15:22-27 Manna from Heaven 16:1-36 Water from the Rock 17:1-7 Amalek Defeated 17:8-16 Jethro’s Advice 18:1-27 Israel at Mount Sinai 19:1-25 The Ten Commandments 20:1-21 Laws About Altars 20:22-21:1 Laws About Slaves 21:2-11 Laws About Personal Injuries 21:12-36 Laws About Restitution 22:1-15 Laws About Holiness 22:16-31 Laws About Justice 23:1-9 Sabbath Years and Weeks 23:10-13 The Three Feasts 23:14-19 The Angel and the Promises 23:20-33 The Covenant Confirmed 24:1-18 Contributions for the Sanctuary 25:1-9 The Ark of the Testimony 25:10-22 The Table for Bread 25:23-30 The Golden Lampstand 25:31-40 The Tabernacle 26:1-37 The Bronze Altar 27:1-8 The Court of the Tabernacle 27:9-19 Oil for the Lamp 27:20-21 The Priests’ Garments 28:1-5 The Ephod 28:6-14 The Breastpiece of Judgment 28:15-30 Other Priestly Garments 28:31-43 Consecration of the Priests 29:1-46 The Altar of Incense 30:1-10 The Census Tax 30:11-16 The Bronze Basin 30:17-21 The Anointing Oil 30:22-33 The Incense 30:34-38 Oholiab and Bezalel 31:1-11 The Sabbath Sign 31:12-18 The Golden Calf 32:1-33:6 The Tent of Meeting 33:7-11 Moses’ Intercession and God’s Glory 33:12-23 New Tablets and Covenant 34:1-28 The Shining Face of Moses 34:29-35 Sabbath Regulations 35:1-3 Freewill Offerings for the Tabernacle 35:4-29 Bezalel and Oholiab Set Apart 35:30-36:7 Making the Tabernacle 36:8-38 Making the Ark 37:1-9 Making the Table 37:10-16 Making the Lampstand 37:17-24 Making the Altar of Incense 37:25-29 Making the Bronze Altar 38:1-7 Making the Bronze Basin 38:8 Making the Court 38:9-20 Materials of the Tabernacle 38:21-31 Making the Priests’ Garments 39:1 The Ephod Made 39:2-7 The Breastpiece Made 39:8-21 Other Garments Made 39:22-31 The Work Completed 39:32-43 The Tabernacle Erected 40:1-33 The Glory Fills the Tabernacle 40:34-38

Numbers

The Census of Israel 1:1-54 Arrangement of the Camp 2:1-34 The Levites’ Duties 3:1-51 Kohathites’ Service 4:1-20 Gershonites’ Service 4:21-28 Merarites’ Service 4:29-33 Census of the Levites 4:34-49 Unclean Removed from Camp 5:1-4 Restitution for Wrongs 5:5-10 The Test for Adultery 5:11-31 The Nazirite Vow 6:1-21 The Priestly Blessing 6:22-27 Offerings of the Leaders 7:1-89 The Lamps 8:1-4 The Levites Consecrated 8:5-26 The Passover Celebrated 9:1-14 The Cloud Over the Tabernacle 9:15-23 The Silver Trumpets 10:1-10 Departure from Sinai 10:11-36 Complaint and Quail; Seventy Elders 11:1-35 Miriam and Aaron Oppose Moses 12:1-16 Spies Sent into Canaan 13:1-25 Report of the Spies 13:26-33 The People Rebel 14:1-45 Offerings and Firstfruits 15:1-21 Unintentional Sin and Presumptuous Sin 15:22-31 The Sabbath-Breaker 15:32-36 Tassels on Garments 15:37-41 Korah’s Rebellion 16:1-50 Aaron’s Staff Buds 17:1-13 Priests’ and Levites’ Duties 18:1-7 Portions for Priests and Levites 18:8-32 The Red Heifer 19:1-22 Water from the Rock at Meribah 20:1-13 Edom Refuses Passage 20:14-21 Aaron’s Death 20:22-29 Arad Defeated 21:1-3 The Bronze Serpent 21:4-9 Journeys in the Wilderness 21:10-20 Victories over Sihon and Og 21:21-35 Balaam Summoned 22:1-20 Balaam’s Donkey and the Angel 22:21-41 Balaam’s First Oracle 23:1-12 Balaam’s Second Oracle 23:13-26 Balaam’s Third Oracle 23:27-24:14 The Star out of Jacob 24:15-19 Balaam’s Final Sayings 24:20-25 Baal of Peor and Phinehas 25:1-18 The Second Census 26:1-65 Daughters of Zelophehad 27:1-11 Joshua Appointed 27:12-23 Daily Offerings 28:1-8 Sabbath Offerings 28:9-10 Monthly Offerings 28:11-15 Passover Offerings 28:16-25 Weeks (Firstfruits) Offerings 28:26-31 Trumpets Offerings 29:1-6 Day of Atonement Offerings 29:7-11 Booths Offerings 29:12-40 Vows 30:1-16 War with Midian—Spoils 31:1-24 Division of the Spoils 31:25-54 Reuben, Gad, and Half-Manasseh 32:1-42 Stages of Israel’s Journey 33:1-56 Boundaries of the Land 34:1-29 Levitical Cities 35:1-5 Cities of Refuge 35:6-34 Marriage of Zelophehad’s Daughters 36:1-13

Deuteronomy

Preamble and Setting 1:1-8 Leaders Appointed 1:9-18 Spies Sent 1:19-25 Rebellion and Judgment 1:26-46 Journey Through Edom, Moab, Ammon 2:1-23 Victory over Sihon 2:24-37 Victory over Og 3:1-11 Allotment East of Jordan 3:12-20 Moses Forbidden to Enter 3:21-29 Call to Obey 4:1-14 No Idols 4:15-31 The LORD Alone Is God 4:32-40 Cities of Refuge East 4:41-43 Introduction to the Law 4:44-49 The Ten Commandments Rehearsed 5:1-33 The Shema and Instruction 6:1-25 Warning Against the Nations 7:1-26 Do Not Forget the LORD 8:1-20 Not for Your Righteousness 9:1-6 Israel’s Rebellions Recounted 9:7-29 New Tablets; Ark 10:1-11 Fear the LORD 10:12-22 Love, Obey, Choose 11:1-32 The Place of Worship 12:1-32 False Prophets and Idolatry 13:1-18 Clean and Unclean Foods 14:1-21 Tithes 14:22-29 Sabbatical Year 15:1-11 Hebrew Slaves 15:12-18 Firstborn Animals 15:19-23 Passover 16:1-8 Weeks 16:9-12 Booths 16:13-17 Justice 16:18-20 Forbidden Worship 16:21-17:7 Difficult Cases 17:8-13 Laws for the King 17:14-20 Provision for Levites 18:1-8 Abominable Practices 18:9-13 A Prophet Like Moses 18:14-22 Cities of Refuge 19:1-14 Witnesses and Penalties 19:15-21 Rules for War 20:1-20 Unsolved Murder 21:1-9 Wives from War 21:10-14 Rights of the Firstborn 21:15-17 Rebellious Son 21:18-21 Various Laws 21:22-22:12 Laws of Chastity 22:13-30 Assembly Exclusions 23:1-8 Camp Purity 23:9-14 Various Laws Continued 23:15-25:19 Firstfruits and Tithes Confession 26:1-15 You Are the LORD’s People 26:16-19 Law on Stones and Altar 27:1-8 Curses Pronounced 27:9-26 Blessings for Obedience 28:1-14 Curses for Disobedience 28:15-68 Renewal in Moab 29:1-29 Choose Life 30:1-20 Joshua Commissioned 31:1-8 Public Reading of the Law 31:9-13 Moses’ Warning of Apostasy 31:14-29 The Song of Moses 31:30-32:47 Moses to Die on Nebo 32:48-52 Moses Blesses Israel 33:1-29 The Death of Moses 34:1-12

Joshua

Joshua Commissioned and Encouraged 1:1-18 Rahab Protects the Spies 2:1-24 Crossing the Jordan and Memorial Stones 3:1-4:24 Renewal at Gilgal: Circumcision and Passover 5:1-12 The Commander Appears and the Fall of Jericho 5:13-6:27 Defeat at Ai and Achan's Sin Revealed 7:1-26 The Capture and Destruction of Ai 8:1-29 Altar on Mount Ebal and the Law Proclaimed 8:30-35 The Gibeonite Deception and Treaty 9:1-27 Victory at Gibeon and the Long Day 10:1-15 Capture and Execution of the Five Kings 10:16-28 The Southern Campaign and Conquest of Cities 10:29-43 Defeat of the Northern Coalition and Hazor Destroyed 11:1-23 Lists of Kings Defeated East and West of the Jordan 12:1-24 Land Remaining to Be Possessed 13:1-7 Allotments East of the Jordan 13:8-33 Procedure for Distributing the Land and Levitical Cities 14:1-5 Caleb's Claim and Inheritance of Hebron 14:6-15 Boundaries and Towns of Judah 15:1-63 Ephraim and West Manasseh: Boundaries and Claims 16:1-17:18 Shiloh Established and the Land Surveyed 18:1-10 Territory and Towns of Benjamin 18:11-28 Territory of Simeon 19:1-9 Territory of Zebulun 19:10-16 Territory of Issachar 19:17-23 Territory of Asher 19:24-31 Territory of Naphtali 19:32-39 Territory of Dan 19:40-48 Completion of the Allotments and Joshua's Inheritance 19:49-51 Cities of Refuge Established 20:1-9 Levitical Cities and Their Holdings 21:1-45 The Eastern Tribes' Altar and the Reconciliation 22:1-34 Joshua's Farewell Exhortation and Warning 23:1-16 Renewal of the Covenant at Shechem 24:1-27 Death and Burial of Joshua and Eleazar 24:28-33

1 Samuel

Hannah's Prayer for a Son 1:1-20 Hannah Presents Samuel to the Lord 1:21-28 Hannah's Song of Praise 2:1-11 Eli's Corrupt Sons and Samuel's Childhood 2:12-26 Prophecy of Judgment on Eli's House 2:27-36 Samuel's Call and the Lord's Word to Eli 3:1-4:1 Israel Defeated and the Ark Captured 4:2-11 Eli's Death and the Birth of Ichabod 4:12-22 The Ark Brings Judgment in Philistine Cities 5:1-12 The Ark Returned to Israel 6:1-7:1 Samuel Judges Israel and Delivers Them at Mizpah 7:2-17 Israel Demands a King 8:1-22 Saul Chosen and Given Signs 9:1-10:8 Saul Proclaimed King by Lot 10:9-27 Saul's Victory at Jabesh-Gilead 11:1-11 Saul Confirmed as King at Gilgal 11:12-15 Samuel's Farewell and Exhortation to Israel 12:1-25 Saul's Unauthorized Sacrifice and Rebuke 13:1-15 Philistine Pressure and Israel's Lack of Arms 13:16-22 Jonathan's Bold Assault and Victory 13:23-14:14 Saul's Rash Oath and Its Consequences 14:15-23 Saul's Pursuit and Jonathan's Exploits 14:24-48 Saul's Family and Mighty Men 14:49-52 Saul's Disobedience and Rejection as King 15:1-35 David Anointed by Samuel 16:1-13 David Serves Saul and Eases His Torment 16:14-23 David and Goliath 17:1-58 David's Rise and Saul's Jealousy 18:1-30 Saul's Attempts on David's Life and Jonathan's Intervention 19:1-24 David and Jonathan's Covenant 20:1-42 David at Nob: Bread and Goliath's Sword 21:1-9 David Feigns Madness at Gath 21:10-15 David Gathers Followers and Seeks Priestly Aid 22:1-5 Massacre at Nob and Abiathar Joins David 22:6-23 David Delivers Keilah and Inquires of God 23:1-6 Saul's Pursuit, Ziphite Betrayal, and David's Escape 23:7-29 David Spares Saul in a Cave 24:1-22 Nabal's Folly and Abigail's Intervention 25:1-44 David Again Spares Saul in His Camp 26:1-25 David Seeks Refuge with Achish 27:1-12 Saul and the Witch of Endor 28:1-25 The Philistines Reject David 29:1-11 David Recovers His Family and Defeats the Amalekites 30:1-31 The Death of Saul and His Sons 31:1-13

2 Samuel

An Amalekite Reports Saul and Jonathan's Death 1:1-16 David's Lament for Saul and Jonathan 1:17-27 David Anointed King of Judah at Hebron 2:1-7 Ish‑Bosheth Made King; Civil War with David Begins 2:8-3:5 Abner Seeks Alliance with David 3:6-21 Joab Murders Abner; David's Protest and Mourning 3:22-39 Ish‑Bosheth Assassinated 4:1-12 David Anointed King over All Israel 5:1-5 David Captures Jerusalem and Establishes His House 5:6-16 David's Victories over the Philistines 5:17-25 Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem; Uzzah's Death and David's Joy 6:1-23 God's Covenant with David 7:1-17 David's Prayer of Thanksgiving for God's Promise 7:18-29 David's Military Victories 8:1-14 David's Officials and Mighty Men 8:15-18 David Shows Kindness to Mephibosheth 9:1-13 War with the Ammonites and Syrians 10:1-19 David and Bathsheba; the Death of Uriah 11:1-27 Nathan Rebukes David; Judgment and Aftermath 12:1-31 Amnon's Crime against Tamar 13:1-22 Absalom Kills Amnon and Flees 13:23-39 Joab Secures Absalom's Return and Reconciliation 14:1-33 Absalom's Conspiracy and Rise to Power 15:1-12 David Flees Jerusalem; Loyal Followers Accompany Him 15:13-37 Ziba Brings Provisions to David 16:1-4 Shimei Curses David as He Flees 16:5-14 Counsel in Absalom's Court; Ahithophel's Plan and Hushai's Counterplot 16:15-17:29 Battle in the Forest of Ephraim and Absalom's Death 18:1-18 Reports of Victory and David's Grief for Absalom 18:19-19:8 David's Return to Jerusalem; Reconciliation and Disputes 19:9-43 Sheba's Revolt and Its Suppression 20:1-26 Famine and the Gibeonites' Demand; Saul's Descendants Executed 21:1-14 David's Battles with the Philistines and the Valor of His Men 21:15-22 David's Song of Deliverance 22:1-51 David's Final Oracle 23:1-7 The Deeds of David's Mighty Warriors 23:8-39 David's Census and the Resulting Plague 24:1-17 David Purchases the Threshing Floor; Sacrifice and End of Plague 24:18-25

1 Kings

Adonijah Attempts to Seize the Throne 1:1-27 Solomon Anointed King 1:28-53 David's Charge to Solomon and Death 2:1-12 Solomon Consolidates His Power 2:13-46 Solomon's Request for Wisdom 3:1-15 Solomon's Wise Judgment 3:16-28 Solomon's Officials and Administrative Order 4:1-19 The Wealth and Prosperity of Israel 4:20-28 Solomon's Wisdom and Fame 4:29-34 Alliances and Preparations for the Temple 5:1-18 Solomon Builds the Temple 6:1-38 Solomon's Palace and Structural Works 7:1-12 Temple Furnishings and the Work of Hiram 7:13-51 The Ark Brought into the Temple 8:1-21 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication 8:22-61 The Dedication Celebrated with Sacrifice 8:62-66 God's Promise and Warning to Solomon 9:1-9 Solomon's Building Projects and Trade 9:10-28 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 10:1-13 The Wealth and Splendor of Solomon's Reign 10:14-29 Solomon's Foreign Wives and Apostasy 11:1-13 Adversaries Raised Against Solomon 11:14-25 Jeroboam's Call and the Promise of Division 11:26-40 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 11:41-43 Rehoboam's Folly and the Kingdom Divides 12:1-24 Jeroboam Establishes Golden Calves 12:25-33 Prophetic Rebuke at Bethel and Deception 13:1-34 Ahijah's Prophecy Against Jeroboam 14:1-20 Rehoboam's Unfaithfulness and Shishak's Invasion 14:21-31 Abijam's Short Reign in Judah 15:1-8 Asa's Reforms and Early Reign 15:9-24 Nadab's Reign and Baasha's Conspiracy 15:25-32 Baasha's Reign and Jehu's Prophecy 15:33-16:7 Elah Assassinated and Zimri's Usurpation 16:8-14 Zimri's Suicide and Omri's Rise to Power 16:15-20 Omri Establishes Samaria as Capital 16:21-28 Ahab and Jezebel Introduce Baal Worship 16:29-34 Elijah Announces the Drought and Is Fed by Ravens 17:1-6 Elijah in Zarephath: Provision and Resurrection 17:7-24 Elijah Confronts Ahab and Prepares for Confrontation 18:1-15 Elijah on Mount Carmel and the Fall of Baal's Prophets 18:16-46 Elijah Flees to Horeb and Is Renewed 19:1-9 God's Response to Elijah and New Commissions 19:10-18 The Call of Elisha 19:19-21 Ben‑hadad Besieges Samaria; Israel's Defiant Response 20:1-12 Israel's Victories Over Aram and Ahab's Mercy 20:13-34 A Prophet Enacts Judgment on the King 20:35-43 Naboth's Vineyard: Ahab and Jezebel's Crime and Punishment 21:1-29 Ahab and Jehoshaphat Seek Counsel; Micaiah's True Prophecy 22:1-28 Ahab Dies at Ramoth‑Gilead 22:29-40 Jehoshaphat's Reign in Judah 22:41-50 Ahaziah Succeeds Ahab and Does Evil 22:51-53

2 Kings

Ahaziah Seeks Counsel and Elijah’s Judgment 1:1-18 Elijah Taken Up; Elisha Succeeds 2:1-18 Elisha Purifies Jericho’s Water 2:19-22 Mockers of Elisha Mauled by Bears 2:23-25 Alliance Against Moab and Elisha’s Miracle 3:1-27 The Widow’s Oil Multiplied 4:1-7 Elisha Restores the Shunammite’s Son 4:8-37 Poisoned Stew Made Safe 4:38-41 Elisha Feeds a Hundred Men 4:42-44 Naaman Healed of Leprosy and Gehazi’s Greed 5:1-27 The Floating Axe Head 6:1-7 Elisha Foils the Aramean Raid 6:8-23 Famine Besieges Samaria 6:24-7:2 Arameans Flee; Samaria’s Deliverance 7:3-20 The Shunammite Restored to Her Land 8:1-6 Elisha Foretells Hazael’s Rise 8:7-15 Jehoram’s Reign in Israel 8:16-24 Ahaziah of Judah Ascends the Throne 8:25-29 Anointing of Jehu as King 9:1-13 Jehu Slays Joram and the House of Ahab 9:14-29 The Death of Jezebel 9:30-37 Jehu Executes Ahab’s Kin at Jezreel 10:1-17 Jehu Destroys Baal Worship 10:18-36 Joash Crowned; Athaliah Overthrown 11:1-21 Joash Repairs the Temple 12:1-21 Jehoahaz of Israel and Aramean Oppression 13:1-9 Jehoash of Israel and Elisha’s Final Acts 13:10-25 Amaziah of Judah: Victory and Pride 14:1-22 Jeroboam II Restores Israel’s Borders 14:23-29 Azariah (Uzziah) King of Judah 15:1-7 Zechariah’s Short Reign and Assassination 15:8-12 Shallum’s Brief Usurpation and Murder 15:13-16 Menahem’s Reign and Tribute to Assyria 15:17-22 Pekahiah Murdered; Pekah’s Conspiracy 15:23-26 Pekah Rules and Wars with Judah 15:27-31 Jotham King of Judah 15:32-38 Ahaz’s Reign and Submission to Assyria 16:1-20 Fall of Samaria and Israel’s Exile 17:1-6 Reasons for Israel’s Exile 17:7-23 Resettling Samaria and Syncretistic Worship 17:24-41 Hezekiah’s Reforms and Fortifications 18:1-16 Rabshakeh’s Taunts before Jerusalem 18:17-37 Hezekiah’s Plea and Isaiah’s Prophecy 19:1-13 Hezekiah’s Prayer of Surrender 19:14-19 The LORD Delivers Jerusalem from Sennacherib 19:20-37 Hezekiah’s Illness, Recovery, and the Sign 20:1-11 Hezekiah’s Pride and a Warning about Babylon 20:12-21 Manasseh’s Long, Wicked Reign 21:1-18 Amon’s Short Reign and Assassination 21:19-26 Josiah Finds the Book of the Law and Reforms 22:1-20 Josiah’s Covenant Renewal and Passover 23:1-30 Jehoahaz Deposed; Jehoiakim Installed by Egypt 23:31-35 Jehoiakim’s Reign and Babylonian Pressure 23:36-24:7 Jehoiachin’s Brief Reign and First Exile 24:8-17 Zedekiah Appointed as Babylon’s Vassal 24:18-19 Siege and Fall of Jerusalem; Destruction and Exile 24:20-25:26 Jehoiachin Released from Babylonian Prison 25:27-30

1 Chronicles

Genealogies from Adam to Abraham 1:1-27 The Descendants of Abraham 1:28-34 The Edomite Genealogies (Esau and Seir) 1:35-54 The Sons of Israel 2:1-2 The Genealogy and Families of Judah 2:3-55 David’s Descendants and the Royal Line 3:1-24 Judahite Families and Notable Descendants 4:1-23 The Families and Settlements of Simeon 4:24-43 Transjordanian Tribes and Their Chiefs 5:1-10 Wars and Settlements East of the Jordan 5:11-22 Loss of Territory and Exile East of the Jordan 5:23-26 The Levites: Genealogy and Temple Service 6:1-81 The Tribe of Issachar 7:1-5 A Register of Benjamin’s Households 7:6-12 A Brief Genealogical Note 7:13 The Tribe of Naphtali 7:14-19 The Tribe of Manasseh 7:20-29 The Tribe of Ephraim 7:30-40 The Genealogy of Benjamin (including Saul’s Line) 8:1-9:1 Resettlement of Jerusalem: Residents and Officials 9:2-34 Gatekeepers and Temple Servants in Jerusalem 9:35-44 The Death of Saul and the End of His House 10:1-14 David Anointed King over Israel 11:1-3 David Captures Jerusalem (Zion) 11:4-9 David’s Mighty Men and Warriors 11:10-47 Those Who Came to David at Hebron (Judah’s Support) 12:1-22 Israel’s Warriors Join David at Hebron 12:23-40 Bringing the Ark: Preparations and Uzzah’s Death 13:1-14 David’s Household and Philistine Submission 14:1-7 David’s Victories over the Philistines 14:8-17 Preparations for Bringing the Ark to Jerusalem 15:1-16:6 David Institutes Worship and a Song of Praise 16:7-43 God’s Covenant with David (Nathan’s Oracle) 17:1-15 David’s Prayer of Thanksgiving for the Covenant 17:16-27 David’s Military Victories and Tribute 18:1-13 David’s Officials and the Spoils of War 18:14-17 War with the Ammonites and Their Allies 19:1-19 The Campaign against Rabbah (Ammon) 20:1-3 Defeat of the Philistines and Their Champions 20:4-8 David’s Census, Plague, and Purchase of the Temple Site 21:1-22:1 David’s Preparations and Instructions for Solomon 22:2-19 David Organizes the Levites 23:1-6 Levitical Families and Their Heads 23:7-11 Age Regulations and Duties of the Levites 23:12-20 Assignments of Levites: Singers, Gatekeepers, Treasurers 23:21-32 Divisions of the Priests into Twenty‑Four Courses 24:1-19 Priestly Families and Their Cities 24:20-31 The Levitical Musicians and Their Organization 25:1-31 Gatekeepers and Their Lineages 26:1-19 Officials Responsible for Treasuries and Records 26:20-32 Military Divisions and Their Commanders 27:1-15 David’s Civil Officials and Overseers 27:16-24 Heads of the King’s Household and Provisions 27:25-34 David’s Charge to Solomon and the Temple Plan 28:1-21 The Nation’s Offerings for the Temple 29:1-9 David’s Prayer of Praise and Blessing for Solomon 29:10-20 David’s Final Acts and Organization of the Kingdom 29:21-25 The Death of David and Solomon’s Accession 29:26-30

2 Chronicles

Solomon's Sacrifice at Gibeon and Prayer for Wisdom 1:1-17 Solomon Secures Materials and Craftsmen for the Temple 2:1-18 The Temple: Foundation and Structure 3:1-17 Temple Furnishings and Completion of the Work 4:1-5:1 The Ark Installed and Solomon's Dedication Prayer 5:2-6:11 Solomon's Prayer of Dedication and God's Assurance 6:12-42 The Lord Fills the Temple and the Dedication Festival 7:1-10 God Appears to Solomon and Gives a Conditional Promise 7:11-22 Solomon's Other Buildings and Relations with Hiram 8:1-18 The Queen of Sheba Visits Solomon 9:1-12 Solomon's Wealth, Trade, and Administration 9:13-28 Summary of Solomon's Reign and Death 9:29-31 Rehoboam's Folly and the Division of the Kingdom 10:1-11:4 Rehoboam Fortifies Judah and Consolidates Support 11:5-17 Rehoboam's Descendants and Death 11:18-23 Shishak's Invasion and Judah's Loss 12:1-16 Abijah's Victory over Israel and His Death 13:1-14:1 Asa's Reforms and Victory over Ethiopia 14:2-15 Asa Strengthened by Prophecy and Covenant Renewal 15:1-19 Asa's Alliance with Aram and Reproof by Hanani 16:1-14 Jehoshaphat Strengthens Judah and Reforms Justice 17:1-19 Jehoshaphat's Alliance with Ahab and the Battle at Ramoth-gilead 18:1-27 Jehu Rebukes Jehoshaphat for the Alliance with Ahab 18:28-19:3 Judicial Reforms: Judges Appointed to Administer Justice 19:4-11 Jehoshaphat's Deliverance through Prayer and Praise 20:1-30 End of Jehoshaphat's Reign and Jehoram's Accession 20:31-21:3 Jehoram's Wicked Reign, Revolts, and Judgment 21:4-20 Ahaziah Succeeds His Father and Is Wounded 22:1-9 Athaliah's Usurpation Overthrown and Joash Crowned 22:10-23:21 Joash's Temple Restoration under Jehoiada 24:1-16 Joash's Apostasy, Punishment, and Assassination 24:17-27 Amaziah's Reign: Victory, Pride, and Defeat by Israel 25:1-28 Uzziah's Prosperity and Pride; Leprosy for Presumption 26:1-23 Jotham's Reign: Fortifications and Prosperity 27:1-9 Ahaz's Idolatry, Defeats, and Assyrian Subjugation 28:1-27 Hezekiah's Temple Restoration and Religious Reforms 29:1-36 Hezekiah's Passover and National Repentance 30:1-31:1 Hezekiah's Religious Administration and Temple Support 31:2-21 Hezekiah's Defense Against Sennacherib and Divine Deliverance 32:1-23 Hezekiah's Illness, Pride, and the Babylonian Envoys 32:24-33 Manasseh's Idolatry, Captivity, Repentance, and Restoration 33:1-20 Amon's Wicked Reign and Assassination 33:21-25 Josiah's Early Reforms and Temple Repair 34:1-13 The Book of the Law Found, Huldah's Prophecy, and Josiah's Covenant 34:14-33 Josiah's Observance of the Passover 35:1-19 Josiah Killed at Megiddo and National Mourning 35:20-36:1 Jehoahaz Reigns Briefly and Is Deposed by Pharaoh 36:2-4 Jehoiakim's Reign and Disobedience 36:5-8 Jehoiachin's Short Reign and Exile to Babylon 36:9-10 Zedekiah's Reign and Rejection of Prophetic Warnings 36:11-14 Judgment, Exile, and the Decree of Cyrus 36:15-23

Psalm

Psalms 1–2 1:1-2:12 Psalms 3–8 3:1-8 Psalms 4–8 4:1-8 Psalms 5–12 5:1-12 Psalms 6–10 6:1-10 Psalms 7–17 7:1-17 Psalms 8–9 8:1-9 Psalms 9–10 9:1-10:18 Psalms 11–7 11:1-7 Psalms 12–8 12:1-8 Psalms 13–6 13:1-6 Psalms 14–7 14:1-7 Psalms 15–5 15:1-5 Psalms 16–11 16:1-11 Psalms 17–15 17:1-15 Psalms 18–50 18:1-50 Psalms 19–14 19:1-14 Psalms 20–9 20:1-9 Psalms 21–13 21:1-13 Psalms 22–31 22:1-31 Psalms 23–6 23:1-6 Psalms 24–10 24:1-10 Psalms 25–22 25:1-22 Psalms 26–12 26:1-12 Psalms 27–14 27:1-14 Psalms 28–9 28:1-9 Psalms 29–11 29:1-11 Psalms 30–12 30:1-12 Psalms 31–24 31:1-24 Psalms 32–33 32:1-33:22 Psalms 34–22 34:1-22 Psalms 35–28 35:1-28 Psalms 36–12 36:1-12 Psalms 37–40 37:1-40 Psalms 38–22 38:1-22 Psalms 39–13 39:1-13 Psalms 40–17 40:1-17 Psalms 41–13 41:1-13 Psalms 42–43 42:1-43:5 Psalms 44–26 44:1-26 Psalms 45–17 45:1-17 Psalms 46–11 46:1-11 Psalms 47–9 47:1-9 Psalms 48–14 48:1-14 Psalms 49–20 49:1-20 Psalms 50–23 50:1-23 Psalms 51–19 51:1-19 Psalms 52–9 52:1-9 Psalms 53–6 53:1-6 Psalms 54–7 54:1-7 Psalms 55–23 55:1-23 Psalms 56–13 56:1-13 Psalms 57–11 57:1-11 Psalms 58–11 58:1-11 Psalms 59–17 59:1-17 Psalms 60–12 60:1-12 Psalms 61–8 61:1-8 Psalms 62–12 62:1-12 Psalms 63–11 63:1-11 Psalms 64–10 64:1-10 Psalms 65–13 65:1-13 Psalms 66–20 66:1-20 Psalms 67–7 67:1-7 Psalms 68–35 68:1-35 Psalms 69–36 69:1-36 Psalms 70–71 70:1-71:24 Psalms 72–20 72:1-20 Psalms 73–28 73:1-28 Psalms 74–23 74:1-23 Psalms 75–10 75:1-10 Psalms 76–12 76:1-12 Psalms 77–20 77:1-20 Psalms 78–72 78:1-72 Psalms 79–13 79:1-13 Psalms 80–19 80:1-19 Psalms 81–16 81:1-16 Psalms 82–8 82:1-8 Psalms 83–18 83:1-18 Psalms 84–12 84:1-12 Psalms 85–13 85:1-13 Psalms 86–17 86:1-17 Psalms 87–7 87:1-7 Psalms 88–18 88:1-18 Psalms 89–52 89:1-52 Psalms 90–91 90:1-91:16 Psalms 92–97 92:1-97:12 Psalms 98–99 98:1-99:9 Psalms 100–5 100:1-5 Psalms 101–8 101:1-8 Psalms 102–28 102:1-28 Psalms 103–106 103:1-106:48 Psalms 107–43 107:1-43 Psalms 108–13 108:1-13 Psalms 109–31 109:1-31 Psalms 110–118 110:1-118:29 Psalms 119–8 119:1-8 Psalms 119–16 119:9-16 Psalms 119–24 119:17-24 Psalms 119–32 119:25-32 Psalms 119–40 119:33-40 Psalms 119–48 119:41-48 Psalms 119–56 119:49-56 Psalms 119–64 119:57-64 Psalms 119–72 119:65-72 Psalms 119–80 119:73-80 Psalms 119–88 119:81-88 Psalms 119–176 119:89-176 Psalms 119–104 119:96-104 Psalms 119–112 119:105-112 Psalms 119–120 119:113-120 Psalms 119–128 119:121-128 Psalms 119–136 119:129-136 Psalms 119–144 119:137-144 Psalms 119–152 119:145-152 Psalms 119–160 119:153-160 Psalms 119–168 119:161-168 Psalms 119–176 119:169-176 Psalms 120–7 120:1-7 Psalms 121–8 121:1-8 Psalms 122–9 122:1-9 Psalms 123–4 123:1-4 Psalms 124–8 124:1-8 Psalms 125–5 125:1-5 Psalms 126–6 126:1-6 Psalms 127–5 127:1-5 Psalms 128–6 128:1-6 Psalms 129–8 129:1-8 Psalms 130–8 130:1-8 Psalms 131–3 131:1-3 Psalms 132–18 132:1-18 Psalms 133–3 133:1-3 Psalms 134–137 134:1-137:9 Psalms 138–8 138:1-8 Psalms 139–24 139:1-24 Psalms 140–13 140:1-13 Psalms 141–10 141:1-10 Psalms 142–7 142:1-7 Psalms 143–12 143:1-12 Psalms 144–15 144:1-15 Psalms 145–150 145:1-150:6

Proverbs

Introduction: The Purpose of Proverbs and the Fear of the Lord 1:1-7 Warning Against Enticement by Sinners 1:8-19 Wisdom's Public Call and the Folly of Rejection 1:20-33 The Value of Wisdom and Its Protection 2:1-22 Trusting God and Walking in Wisdom 3:1-35 A Father's Exhortation to Hold Fast to Wisdom 4:1-27 Warning Against Adultery and a Call to Fidelity 5:1-23 Warnings: Surety, Laziness, and Wickedness 6:1-19 Obey Parental Commands and the Dangers of Adultery 6:20-35 The Example of a Young Man Seduced 7:1-27 Wisdom's Proclamation and Blessings 8:1-36 Contrasting Invitations of Wisdom and Folly 9:1-18 Solomon's Proverbs: Contrasts of Righteousness and Folly 10:1-32 Proverbs on Justice, Integrity, and Righteous Living 11:1-31 Wise Conduct, Diligence, and Righteous Speech 12:1-28 Discipline, Wealth, and the Wise Child 13:1-25 Sayings on Wisdom, Folly, and the Fear of the Lord 14:1-35 The Power of Speech and the Benefits of Wisdom 15:1-33 God's Sovereignty Over Human Plans 16:1-33 Relations and Righteousness: Peace, Speech, and Integrity 17:1-28 The Power of Words and the Nature of Companionship 18:1-24 Advice on Wealth, Conduct, and Discipline 19:1-29 Counsel, Justice, and Warnings Against Excess 20:1-30 Divine Sovereignty, Justice, and the King's Role 21:1-31 Reputation, Generosity, and Child Discipline 22:1-16 Sayings of the Wise: Practical Moral Instruction 22:17-24:34 Solomon's Proverbs on Restraint and Leadership 25:1-28 Folly and Foolish Behavior in Speech and Deeds 26:1-28 Friendship, Counsel, and Practical Wisdom for Life 27:1-27 Justice, Righteousness, and the Results of Rebellion 28:1-28 Discipline, Leadership, and Social Order 29:1-27 The Sayings of Agur: Humility and Observations 30:1-33 Advice to King Lemuel and the Virtuous Woman 31:1-31

Isaiah

Judah's Rebellion and Call to Repentance 1:1-31 The Mountain of the Lord and the Nations' Hope 2:1-6 Judgment on Arrogance and Idolatry 2:7-22 Judgment on Jerusalem's Leaders and Social Order 3:1-4:1 The Branch and the Renewal of Zion 4:2-6 The Song of the Vineyard: Israel's Failure 5:1-7 Woes to Israel and Coming Judgment 5:8-30 Isaiah's Vision and Commission 6:1-13 Ahaz, the Immanuel Sign, and Invasion 7:1-25 The Sign of Plunder and a Call to Courage 8:1-10 Trust the Lord, Not Alliances or Diviners 8:11-22 A Child Is Born: Promise of Peace 9:1-7 Israel's Arrogance and Coming Punishment 9:8-10:4 Assyria: Instrument of Judgment and Its Doom 10:5-19 The Remnant and the Fall of Assyria 10:20-34 The Righteous Branch and the Peaceable Kingdom 11:1-16 A Song of Praise for God's Salvation 12:1-6 Babylon's Doom and the Day of the Lord 13:1-14:23 God's Decree: Assyria Overthrown 14:24-27 Oracle Concerning Philistia and Promise to Zion 14:28-32 Lament for Moab 15:1-16:14 Judgment on Damascus and Northern Israel 17:1-14 A Message to Cush (Ethiopia) 18:1-7 Judgment on Egypt and Future Salvation 19:1-25 Isaiah's Sign against Egypt and Cush 20:1-6 Prophecy of Babylon's Fall (The Watchman's Report) 21:1-10 Oracle concerning Dumah: The Night Watchman's Lament 21:11-12 Oracle Against Arabia (Dedan and Kedar) 21:13-17 The Valley of Vision: Jerusalem's Fall and Leadership Change 22:1-25 Tyre's Fall and Future Restoration 23:1-18 The Lord's Universal Judgment and Final Reign 24:1-23 Praise for God's Triumph and Deliverance 25:1-12 Trust in God and Hope for Deliverance 26:1-21 The Slaying of Leviathan and Israel's Restoration 27:1-13 Woe to Ephraim and Judah: Drunkenness and Judgment 28:1-29 Woe to Ariel (Jerusalem) and Promise of Enlightenment 29:1-24 Rebuke for Seeking Egypt's Help; Call to Trust the Lord 30:1-33 Egypt Is No Help; The Lord Will Save Jerusalem 31:1-9 A Righteous King and Just Leadership 32:1-8 Call to Repentance and Promise of Renewal 32:9-20 A Plea for Deliverance and the Lord's Judgment 33:1-24 The Lord's Vengeance on the Nations (Edom) 34:1-17 The Glorious Restoration of the Redeemed 35:1-10 Sennacherib's Siege and Rabshakeh's Taunt 36:1-22 Hezekiah Seeks Isaiah; Rabshakeh's Threat 37:1-13 Hezekiah's Prayer and Isaiah's Assurance 37:14-20 God Delivers Jerusalem and Sennacherib's Defeat 37:21-38 Hezekiah's Illness, Prayer, and Recovery 38:1-22 Babylonian Envoys and the Announcement of Exile 39:1-8 Comfort for Zion and the Majesty of God 40:1-31 God Defends Israel Against the Nations and Idols 41:1-29 The Servant of the Lord: Covenant and Mission 42:1-9 A Call to Praise and God's Guidance for the Blind 42:10-17 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Resulting Judgment 42:18-25 Israel Redeemed: God's Sovereign Deliverer 43:1-13 The Lord Proclaims Redemption and Rebukes Israel 43:14-28 Israel Chosen and Blessed by the Spirit 44:1-5 The Folly of Idols and God's Uniqueness 44:6-23 God the Creator and the Call of Cyrus for Israel's Restoration 44:24-45:25 The God Who Carries and Redeems: Yahweh's Sovereignty over Idols 46:1-13 The Humbling of Babylon the Mistress 47:1-15 Israel's Stubbornness and God's Resolute Purpose 48:1-11 God's Sovereign 'I Am' and Call to Return 48:12-22 The Servant's Commission to Restore Israel and the Nations 49:1-8 Restoration and Promise to Gather Israel 49:9-26 The Servant's Suffering and Israel's Rejection 50:1-11 Comfort for Zion: Remember Abraham; God's Salvation 51:1-16 Awakening of Zion and Proclamation of Salvation 51:17-52:12 The Suffering Servant and Atonement 52:13-53:12 The Exalted Zion: Promise of Restoration and Protection 54:1-17 Invitation to Life and the Power of God's Word 55:1-13 Justice, Inclusion, and Sabbath Observance 56:1-8 Condemnation of Idolatry and Complacency 56:9-57:13 Restoration for the Humble and Promise of Peace 57:14-21 True Fasting: Justice, Mercy, and Sabbath Blessing 58:1-14 Sin's Consequences and God's Redeeming Intervention 59:1-21 The Glory and Gathering of Zion 60:1-22 The Year of the Lord's Favor and Joyful Restoration 61:1-11 Zion's Vindication and New Name 62:1-12 The Lord's Vengeance: Treading the Winepress 63:1-6 Remembering God's Mercy and Plea for Restoration 63:7-64:12 God's Grace to the Faithful and Judgment on the Rebellious 65:1-16 A New Creation: Joy and Peace 65:17-25 The Lord's Final Judgment and the New Creation 66:1-24

Jeremiah

The Call and Commission of Jeremiah 1:1-19 Israel's Unfaithfulness and Call to Repentance 2:1-3:5 Judah's Spiritual Adultery and Call to Return 3:6-4:4 The Coming Calamity on the Land 4:5-31 An Accusation against Jerusalem's Corruption 5:1-31 The Siege and Devastation of Jerusalem 6:1-30 The Temple Sermon: False Security Condemned 7:1-29 Violence and Corruption in the Land 7:30-8:3 Persistent Idolatry and Coming Punishment 8:4-9:26 The Folly of Idols 10:1-16 Judah's Flight and Jeremiah's Lament 10:17-22 A Prayer for Direction and Deliverance 10:23-25 The Broken Covenant and a Public Warning 11:1-17 Conspiracy against Jeremiah and God's Vindication 11:18-23 Jeremiah's Complaint to God 12:1-4 A Call to Endure and Judgment on Nations 12:5-17 The Linen Belt: Symbol of Judah's Humiliation 13:1-11 A Sign of Shame and Pronounced Judgment 13:12-14 A Lament of Shame and Imminent Disaster 13:15-27 Famine, False Prophets, and Divine Judgment 14:1-15:21 Symbolic Acts and the People's Sinfulness 16:1-17:18 Warning about Sabbath Violations 17:19-27 The Potter and the Broken Jar: Judgment on Jerusalem 18:1-19:15 Persecution by Pashhur the Priest 20:1-6 Jeremiah's Lament and Resolve 20:7-18 A Message to the Royal House: Doom for Jerusalem 21:1-14 Judgment on the Kings and Royal House 22:1-30 False Shepherds Condemned and a Righteous Branch Promised 23:1-8 Condemnation of False Prophets 23:9-32 The Lord Rebukes False Oracles 23:33-40 The Two Figs: Exile and Remnant 24:1-10 Seventy Years of Babylonian Dominion 25:1-14 The Cup of God's Wrath on the Nations 25:15-38 Jeremiah's Temple Address, Arrest, and Vindication 26:1-24 The Yoke of Babylon and Call to Submit 27:1-22 Hananiah's False Prophecy and Its Rebuke 28:1-17 Letter to the Exiles: Seek the Welfare of Babylon 29:1-23 Shemaiah's Letter and Its Condemnation 29:24-32 The Book of Comfort: Restoration and the New Covenant 30:1-31:40 Jeremiah Buys a Field: Faith and Hope in Captivity 32:1-44 Promise of Restoration and the Davidic Covenant 33:1-26 Zedekiah's Appeal and Jeremiah's Warning 34:1-7 Breach of Covenant and Punishment for Oppression 34:8-22 The Rechabites' Fidelity as a Rebuke to Judah 35:1-19 Baruch Writes Jeremiah's Words and the Scroll Is Burned 36:1-32 Jeremiah Imprisoned during the Siege of Jerusalem 37:1-21 Jeremiah Cast into a Cistern 38:1-13 Ebed‑Melech Rescues Jeremiah; Zedekiah's Failure 38:14-28 The Fall of Jerusalem and Jeremiah's Release 39:1-18 Gedaliah Appointed Governor and Jeremiah's Choice 40:1-6 Assassination of Gedaliah and the Terror in Judah 40:7-41:15 Rejection of Jeremiah's Counsel and Flight to Egypt 41:16-43:13 The Jews in Egypt: Idolatry and Condemnation 44:1-30 A Word to Baruch: Encouragement and Warning 45:1-5 Oracles against Egypt 46:1-28 Judgment on the Philistines 47:1-7 Judgment on Moab 48:1-47 Judgment on Ammon 49:1-6 Judgment on Edom 49:7-22 Judgment on Damascus and Aram 49:23-27 Destruction of Kedar and the Nomads 49:28-33 Judgment on Elam and Future Restoration 49:34-39 Judgment on Babylon and Its Final Fall 50:1-51:64 The Fall of Jerusalem and Zedekiah's Fate 52:1-30 Jehoiachin's Release from Babylonian Captivity 52:31-34

Ezekiel

The Vision of God's Glory and the Living Creatures 1:1-28 Ezekiel's Commission and the Eating of the Scroll 2:1-3:15 Ezekiel Appointed as Watchman and Made Speechless 3:16-27 Symbolic Acts of Siege and Judgment on Jerusalem 4:1-5:17 Judgment on Israel for Idolatry 6:1-14 The Day of the Lord: Impending Disaster 7:1-27 Visions of Temple Abominations 8:1-18 The Execution of Jerusalem's Wicked and the Marked Few 9:1-11 The Departure of God's Glory from the Temple 10:1-22 Condemnation of Jerusalem's Leaders 11:1-15 The Departure of God's Glory and Promise of Restoration 11:16-25 Signs of Exile and the Futility of False Hopes 12:1-28 Condemnation of False Prophets and Diviners 13:1-23 Elders' Idolatry and Its Consequences 14:1-11 Judgment on Nations and the Limits of Intercession 14:12-23 Jerusalem Portrayed as a Useless Vine 15:1-8 Jerusalem's Infidelity: Shame, Judgment, and Vindication 16:1-63 The Parable of the Two Eagles: Zedekiah's Folly 17:1-24 Individual Responsibility and the Call to Repentance 18:1-32 A Lament for Israel's Princes 19:1-14 Israel's History of Rebellion and Divine Judgment 20:1-29 Punishment for Profane Worship and Promise of Restoration 20:30-44 A Prophecy Against the Mountains of Israel 20:45-49 The Sword of the Lord: Judgment on Jerusalem and the Nations 21:1-32 Jerusalem's Corruption and the Search for a Righteous Remnant 22:1-31 The Sisters' Harlotry: Samaria and Jerusalem Condemned 23:1-49 The Boiling Pot: Prophecy of Jerusalem's Siege 24:1-14 The Sign of Ezekiel's Wife's Death: Judgment and Changed Lament 24:15-27 Oracle Against Ammon 25:1-7 Oracles Against Moab and Seir 25:8-11 Judgment on the Philistines 25:12-14 Oracle Against Tyre 25:15-17 The Fall of Tyre Foretold 26:1-21 Lamentation for Tyre, the Merchant City 27:1-36 The Pride and Fall of Tyre's Ruler 28:1-19 Judgment on Sidon and Promise of Israel's Security 28:20-26 Egypt's Humiliation and Years of Desolation 29:1-21 The Day of the Lord Against Egypt and Its Allies 30:1-26 Egypt Compared to the Fallen Cedar: Pride and Doom 31:1-18 Lament for Egypt's Collapse and Descent into Sheol 32:1-32 The Watchman's Duty and Personal Responsibility 33:1-20 Report of Jerusalem's Fall and the People's Alarm 33:21-33 Condemnation of Bad Shepherds and Promise of a Good Shepherd 34:1-31 Judgment on Edom for Rejoicing over Israel 35:1-15 Promise of Israel's Restoration and Spiritual Renewal 36:1-38 The Valley of Dry Bones: National Revival 37:1-14 The Two Sticks: Unity of Israel and the Davidic Covenant 37:15-28 The Invasion of Gog and Its Defeat 38:1-39:29 Vision of the Future Temple: Introduction and Commission 40:1-4 Measurements of the Outer Court and Gateways 40:5-16 Courtyard Entrances and Portico Dimensions 40:17-19 Inner Court Entrances and Chambers 40:20-23 Vestibules and Side Entrance Specifications 40:24-27 Details of Inner Chambers and Gate Structure 40:28-37 Porches, Chambers, and Steps of the Temple Court 40:38-43 Priests' Chambers and the Prince's Quarters 40:44-47 The Inner Sanctuary and Holy Place Measurements 40:48-41:26 Priestly Chambers and the Inner Court Layout 42:1-20 The Return of God's Glory to the Temple 43:1-12 Altar Design and Sacrificial Regulations 43:13-27 Temple Gates, Priestly Roles, and Exclusions 44:1-31 Land Allotments and the Prince's Portion 45:1-12 Worship Regulations: Offerings, Festivals, and the Prince 45:13-46:24 The Life-Giving River Flowing from the Temple 47:1-12 Division of the Land and Inheritance Boundaries 47:13-23 Tribal Allotments in the Restored Land 48:1-29 The City Gates and the Name: 'The Lord Is There' 48:30-35

Matthew

The Genealogy of Jesus 1:1-17 The Birth of Jesus Foretold to Joseph 1:18-25 The Visit of the Magi 2:1-12 Flight into Egypt and the Slaughter of the Innocents 2:13-18 Return to Nazareth 2:19-23 John the Baptist Prepares the Way 3:1-12 The Baptism of Jesus 3:13-17 The Temptation of Jesus 4:1-11 Jesus Begins His Galilean Ministry 4:12-17 Jesus Calls the First Disciples 4:18-22 Jesus Ministers Throughout Galilee 4:23-25 The Beatitudes 5:1-12 Salt and Light 5:13-16 Jesus and the Law 5:17-20 Teaching on Anger and Reconciliation 5:21-26 Teaching on Adultery and Lust 5:27-30 Teaching on Divorce 5:31-32 Teaching on Oaths and Honesty 5:33-37 Teaching on Retaliation and Generosity 5:38-42 Love Your Enemies 5:43-48 Giving to the Needy in Secret 6:1-4 Prayer and the Lord's Prayer 6:5-15 Teaching on Fasting 6:16-18 Treasures and Serving God 6:19-24 Do Not Worry 6:25-34 Do Not Judge 7:1-6 Ask, Seek, Knock and the Golden Rule 7:7-12 The Narrow and Wide Gates 7:13-14 Recognizing False Prophets 7:15-23 Parable of the Wise and Foolish Builders 7:24-29 Jesus Cleanses a Leper 8:1-4 The Faith of the Centurion 8:5-13 Jesus Heals Many and Fulfills Prophecy 8:14-17 The Cost of Discipleship 8:18-22 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:23-27 Healing of Two Demon-Possessed Men 8:28-34 Jesus Heals a Paralytic 9:1-8 Jesus Calls Matthew and Eats with Sinners 9:9-13 Fasting and the New Cloth and Wineskins 9:14-17 A Daughter Restored and a Woman Healed 9:18-26 Two Blind Men Healed and a Mute Man Restored 9:27-34 Jesus' Compassion and the Call for Workers 9:35-38 The Mission of the Twelve 10:1-42 John's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony about John 11:1-19 Woe to Unrepentant Cities 11:20-24 The Father's Revelation and Rest for the Weary 11:25-30 Sabbath Controversies: Grain and Healing 12:1-14 Jesus Heals and Fulfills Isaiah's Prophecy 12:15-21 Accusation, Blasphemy Against the Spirit, and the Heart's Fruit 12:22-37 The Sign of Jonah and the Unclean Spirit 12:38-45 Jesus Redefines Family 12:46-50 The Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 13:1-23 The Parable of the Weeds 13:24-30 The Mustard Seed and the Yeast 13:31-35 Explanation of the Weeds and End-Time Judgment 13:36-43 Treasure and Pearl: The Kingdom's Value 13:44-46 The Net and New and Old Treasures 13:47-52 Jesus Rejected at Nazareth 13:53-58 The Execution of John the Baptist 14:1-12 Feeding the Five Thousand 14:13-21 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals Many 14:22-36 Tradition, Purity, and the Canaanite Woman's Faith 15:1-28 Jesus Heals Many and Feeds the Four Thousand 15:29-39 Pharisees Demand a Sign 16:1-4 Warning About the Teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees 16:5-12 Peter's Confession: You Are the Christ 16:13-20 Jesus Foretells His Death and Discipleship 16:21-28 The Transfiguration 17:1-13 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy and a Second Prediction of Death 17:14-23 Payment of the Temple Tax 17:24-27 Humility and Care for Little Ones 18:1-9 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 18:10-14 Church Discipline and Prayer 18:15-20 Forgiveness and the Unforgiving Servant 18:21-35 Marriage, Divorce, and Children 19:1-15 The Rich Young Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 19:16-30 The Parable of the Laborers in the Vineyard 20:1-16 Jesus Predicts His Death and Resurrection 20:17-19 Request for Honor and Teaching on Servanthood 20:20-28 Two Blind Men Healed Near Jericho 20:29-34 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 21:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Heals 21:12-17 The Withered Fig Tree and Teaching on Faith 21:18-22 Jesus' Authority Challenged 21:23-27 The Parable of the Two Sons 21:28-32 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 21:33-46 The Parable of the Wedding Banquet 22:1-14 Question about Paying Taxes to Caesar 22:15-22 The Sadducees and the Resurrection 22:23-33 The Greatest Commandment 22:34-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees about the Messiah 22:41-46 Seven Woes on the Scribes and Pharisees 23:1-39 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of the End and the Temple's Destruction 24:1-35 The Olivet Discourse: Watchfulness and Judgment 24:36-51 The Parable of the Ten Virgins 25:1-13 The Parable of the Talents 25:14-30 The Final Judgment: Sheep and Goats 25:31-46 The Plot to Arrest Jesus 26:1-5 The Anointing at Bethany 26:6-13 Judas Agrees to Betray Jesus 26:14-16 The Last Supper 26:17-30 Jesus Predicts Peter's Denial 26:31-35 Prayer in Gethsemane 26:36-46 The Arrest of Jesus 26:47-56 Jesus Before the Sanhedrin 26:57-68 Peter's Denial and Repentance 26:69-75 Judas' Remorse and Suicide 27:1-10 Jesus Sentenced by Pilate 27:11-26 Jesus Mocked and Scourged 27:27-31 The Crucifixion and Mockery 27:32-44 The Death of Jesus 27:45-56 Jesus Is Buried 27:57-61 The Tomb Secured by the Authorities 27:62-66 The Resurrection: Women at the Tomb 28:1-10 The Guards' Report and the Chief Priests' Lie 28:11-15 The Great Commission 28:16-20

Mark

John the Baptist Prepares the Way 1:1-8 The Baptism and Temptation of Jesus 1:9-13 Jesus Begins His Ministry and Calls the First Disciples 1:14-20 Jesus Teaches with Authority and Casts Out an Unclean Spirit 1:21-28 Healings and Demons Cleansed at Simon's Home 1:29-34 Jesus Prays and Proclaims the Kingdom in Galilee 1:35-39 Healing of a Man with Leprosy 1:40-45 Forgiveness and Healing of a Paralytic 2:1-12 Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 2:13-17 Questions about Fasting; New Cloth and Wineskins 2:18-22 Sabbath Controversies: Grain, Healing, and Plot Against Jesus 2:23-3:6 Great Crowds Follow; Unclean Spirits Acknowledge Jesus 3:7-12 Jesus Appoints the Twelve Apostles 3:13-19 Accusations of Beelzebul and the Parable of the Strong Man 3:20-30 Jesus Redefines True Family 3:31-35 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 4:1-20 A Lamp, Measure, and the Principle of Growth 4:21-25 Parable of the Growing Seed 4:26-29 The Mustard Seed and the Kingdom's Growth 4:30-34 Jesus Calms the Storm 4:35-41 The Gerasene Demoniac Restored 5:1-20 A Woman Healed and Jairus' Daughter Raised 5:21-43 Jesus Rejected in His Hometown 6:1-6 Jesus Sends Out the Twelve 6:7-13 Herod, Herodias, and the Death of John the Baptist 6:14-29 Feeding of the Five Thousand 6:30-44 Jesus Walks on Water and Heals at Gennesaret 6:45-56 Tradition, Inner Purity, and What Truly Defiles 7:1-23 A Gentile Woman's Faith and the Healing at Tyre 7:24-30 Jesus Heals a Deaf Man Who Could Not Speak Clearly 7:31-37 Feeding the Four Thousand and the Pharisees' Demand for a Sign 8:1-13 Beware the Yeast of the Pharisees and Herod 8:14-21 Healing of a Blind Man at Bethsaida 8:22-26 Peter Confesses Jesus as the Christ 8:27-30 Jesus Predicts His Death and Calls Disciples to Take Up the Cross 8:31-9:1 The Transfiguration and the Return of Elijah 9:2-13 Healing of a Boy with an Unclean Spirit; Jesus Predicts His Passion Again 9:14-32 Who Is the Greatest? A Child as the Model of Service 9:33-37 Tolerance for Those Who Serve in Jesus' Name 9:38-41 Warnings about Causing Sin; Exhortations on Salt and Holiness 9:42-50 Jesus' Teaching on Divorce 10:1-12 Jesus Blesses Little Children 10:13-16 The Rich Young Man and the Cost of Discipleship 10:17-31 Jesus Again Predicts His Suffering, Death, and Resurrection 10:32-34 Ambition and Servanthood: The Way of True Greatness 10:35-45 Jesus Heals Blind Bartimaeus 10:46-52 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 11:1-11 Withered Fig Tree and the Cleansing of the Temple 11:12-19 Faith, Prayer, and the Call to Forgiveness 11:20-26 Religious Leaders Question Jesus' Authority 11:27-33 The Parable of the Wicked Tenants 12:1-12 Render to Caesar: Taxes and Allegiance 12:13-17 Sadducees Challenge Resurrection; Jesus Teaches Eternal Life 12:18-27 The Greatest Commandment: Love God and Neighbor 12:28-34 Jesus Questions the Messiah and Warns Against Scribes 12:35-40 The Widow's Offering: True Generosity 12:41-44 The Olivet Discourse: Signs of Destruction and the End 13:1-31 No One Knows the Day: Be Watchful 13:32-37 Plot to Kill Jesus and the Anointing at Bethany 14:1-11 The Passover Meal and Institution of the Lord's Supper 14:12-26 Jesus Predicts the Disciples' Flight and Peter's Denial 14:27-31 Gethsemane: Jesus' Agony and Prayer 14:32-42 The Arrest of Jesus in Gethsemane 14:43-52 Jesus Before the Council 14:53-65 Peter's Denial and His Remorse 14:66-72 Jesus Before Pilate; Barabbas Released 15:1-15 The Soldiers Mock and Scourge Jesus 15:16-20 The Way of the Cross and the Crucifixion 15:21-32 Jesus' Death and the Centurion's Confession 15:33-41 The Burial of Jesus 15:42-47 The Resurrection: Women Find the Empty Tomb 16:1-8 Appearances of the Risen Lord and the Commission 16:9-20

Luke

Purpose and Order of the Gospel 1:1-4 Announcement of John the Baptist's Birth 1:5-25 The Annunciation to Mary 1:26-38 Mary Visits Elizabeth 1:39-45 Mary's Song (The Magnificat) 1:46-56 The Birth and Naming of John 1:57-66 Zechariah's Prophecy and John's Mission 1:67-80 The Birth of Jesus in Bethlehem 2:1-7 Angels Announce the Shepherds' Good News 2:8-20 Presentation in the Temple; Simeon and Anna 2:21-40 The Boy Jesus in the Temple 2:41-52 John the Baptist's Call to Repentance 3:1-20 The Baptism and Genealogy of Jesus 3:21-38 Jesus Tested in the Wilderness 4:1-13 Rejection at Nazareth 4:14-30 Authority over Unclean Spirits in Capernaum 4:31-37 Healings and Preaching in Galilee 4:38-44 The Call of the First Disciples 5:1-11 Healing a Man with Leprosy 5:12-16 A Paralytic Forgiven and Healed 5:17-26 The Calling of Levi and Eating with Sinners 5:27-32 Questions about Fasting; New Wine and Old Wineskins 5:33-39 Lord of the Sabbath and a Sabbath Healing 6:1-11 The Appointment of the Twelve Apostles 6:12-16 The Sermon on the Plain: Blessings and Woes 6:17-26 Love Your Enemies and Be Merciful 6:27-36 Judging Others and the Speck and Log 6:37-42 A Tree and Its Fruit: True Character Revealed 6:43-45 The Wise and Foolish Builders 6:46-49 The Faith of the Centurion 7:1-10 Raising the Widow's Son at Nain 7:11-17 John the Baptist's Inquiry and Jesus' Testimony 7:18-35 A Sinful Woman Forgiven 7:36-50 Parable of the Sower and Its Interpretation 8:1-15 Lighted Lamp and Hearing the Word 8:16-18 Jesus Redefines His Family 8:19-21 Jesus Calms the Storm 8:22-25 Healing the Gerasene Demoniac 8:26-39 Jairus' Daughter Raised and a Woman Healed 8:40-56 The Twelve Sent Out 9:1-9 Feeding the Five Thousand 9:10-17 Peter's Confession and the Way of the Cross 9:18-27 The Transfiguration 9:28-36 Healing a Demon-Possessed Boy; A Second Passion Prediction 9:37-45 Who Is Greatest and a Servant's Ministry 9:46-50 Jesus Resolves for Jerusalem; Samaritan Rejection 9:51-56 The Cost of Discipleship 9:57-62 The Seventy Sent Out and Their Return 10:1-24 The Good Samaritan 10:25-37 Mary and Martha: Choosing the Better Part 10:38-42 The Lord's Prayer and Persistent Prayer 11:1-13 Jesus, Beelzebul, and True Blessedness 11:14-28 Demand for a Sign; Jonah and the Queen of the South 11:29-32 The Light of the Body and Inner Purity 11:33-36 Woes to the Pharisees and Lawyers 11:37-54 Warnings against Hypocrisy and Confession before Men 12:1-12 The Parable of the Rich Fool 12:13-21 Do Not Worry; Seek God's Kingdom 12:22-34 Watchfulness and Faithful Stewardship 12:35-48 Division Caused by Christ 12:49-53 Interpreting the Times and Settling with Adversaries 12:54-59 Call to Repentance and the Barren Fig Tree 13:1-9 Healing on the Sabbath and Jesus' Rebuke 13:10-17 Parables of the Mustard Seed and Yeast 13:18-21 The Narrow Door and the Cost of Entry 13:22-30 Jesus Laments over Jerusalem 13:31-35 Healing at a Pharisee's House and Humility at the Table 14:1-14 Parable of the Great Banquet 14:15-24 The Cost of Following Jesus; Salt and Saltiness 14:25-35 The Parable of the Lost Sheep 15:1-7 The Parable of the Lost Coin 15:8-10 The Parable of the Prodigal Son 15:11-32 The Shrewd Manager and Teaching on Wealth 16:1-15 Law, the Kingdom, and Divorce 16:16-18 The Rich Man and Lazarus 16:19-31 Teachings on Temptation, Forgiveness, and Duty 17:1-10 Healing of the Ten Lepers 17:11-19 The Coming of the Kingdom and End-Time Sayings 17:20-37 Parable of the Persistent Widow 18:1-8 Parable of the Pharisee and the Tax Collector 18:9-14 Jesus Blesses Little Children 18:15-17 The Rich Ruler and the Cost of Discipleship 18:18-30 Jesus Predicts His Death Again 18:31-34 Healing of Blind Bartimaeus 18:35-43 Zacchaeus: Salvation Comes to His House 19:1-10 Parable of the Ten Minas 19:11-27 Triumphal Entry and Lament over Jerusalem 19:28-44 Cleansing the Temple and Teaching 19:45-48 Jesus' Authority Challenged 20:1-8 Parable of the Wicked Tenants 20:9-19 Paying Taxes to Caesar 20:20-26 Question about the Resurrection 20:27-40 Jesus Questions the Pharisees; Warnings against Hypocrisy 20:41-47 The Widow's Offering 21:1-4 The Destruction of the Temple and Signs of the End 21:5-38 The Plot to Kill Jesus and Judas' Agreement 22:1-6 The Last Supper and Predictions of Denial 22:7-38 Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane 22:39-46 Jesus Arrested 22:47-53 Peter's Denial Fulfilled 22:54-62 Jesus Mocked and Beaten 22:63-65 Jesus before the Council and Pilate; Sentencing 22:66-23:25 The Way of the Cross and the Penitent Thief 23:26-43 The Death of Jesus and the Centurion's Confession 23:44-49 The Burial of Jesus 23:50-56 The Empty Tomb and the Women's Report 24:1-12 The Road to Emmaus and Recognition of the Risen Lord 24:13-35 Jesus Appears to the Disciples and Explains Scripture 24:36-49 The Ascension and the Disciples' Worship 24:50-53

John

The Word Became Flesh 1:1-18 John the Baptist's Witness 1:19-28 Behold the Lamb of God 1:29-34 The First Disciples and Simon Peter 1:35-42 Calling of Philip and Nathanael 1:43-51 The Wedding at Cana: Water Made Wine 2:1-11 Jesus Cleanses the Temple and Speaks of His Body 2:12-25 Nicodemus and the New Birth 3:1-21 John the Baptist Exalts Jesus 3:22-36 Jesus and the Samaritan Woman at the Well 4:1-26 The Harvest Is Ready 4:27-38 Samaritans Believe in Jesus 4:39-42 Healing of the Royal Official's Son 4:43-54 Jesus Heals at Bethesda 5:1-15 Jesus Claims Authority Over Life and Judgment 5:16-30 Witnesses to Jesus and Israel's Unbelief 5:31-47 Feeding the Five Thousand 6:1-15 Jesus Walks on the Sea 6:16-24 Jesus the Bread of Life 6:25-59 Many Turn Away; Peter's Confession 6:60-71 Jesus Stays Away from Judea 7:1-13 Jesus Teaches at the Festival 7:14-24 Growing Division Over Jesus 7:25-44 Temple Officers and the Adulterous Woman 7:45-8:11 Jesus the Light and His Claim 8:12-30 True Discipleship and Freedom 8:31-41 Jesus' Divine Origin and Opposition 8:42-47 Jesus' 'I Am' and Preexistence 8:48-59 Healing of a Man Born Blind 9:1-12 Controversy with the Pharisees over the Healing 9:13-34 Spiritual Sight and Blindness 9:35-41 The Good Shepherd and His Sheep 10:1-21 Feast of Dedication and Controversy over Jesus 10:22-42 Lazarus' Sickness and Jesus' Intention 11:1-16 Jesus Weeps at Lazarus' Tomb 11:17-37 Jesus Raises Lazarus from the Dead 11:38-44 Plot to Kill Jesus and Caiaphas' Counsel 11:45-57 Mary Anoints Jesus; Plot to Kill Lazarus 12:1-11 The Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem 12:12-19 Greeks Seek Jesus; He Predicts His Death 12:20-36 Unbelief and Jesus' Final Appeal 12:37-50 Jesus Washes the Disciples' Feet 13:1-17 The Prediction of Judas' Betrayal 13:18-30 The New Commandment and Peter's Denial 13:31-38 Jesus Promises a Place in the Father's House 14:1-4 Jesus the Way to the Father 14:5-14 Promise of the Holy Spirit and Peace 14:15-31 The Vine and the Command to Love 15:1-17 The World's Hatred and the Cost of Discipleship 15:18-16:4 The Holy Spirit's Work 16:5-16 Sorrow Turned to Joy; Peace in Christ 16:17-33 The Son's Prayer for Glory 17:1-5 Prayer for the Disciples' Protection and Sanctification 17:6-19 Prayer for Unity Among Believers 17:20-26 Jesus Arrested in Gethsemane 18:1-11 Jesus Brought to Annas 18:12-14 Peter's First Denial 18:15-18 Jesus Questioned and Struck Before the High Priest 18:19-24 Peter Denies Jesus Three Times 18:25-27 Jesus Before Pilate 18:28-40 Jesus Scourged, Mocked, and Sentenced to Crucifixion 19:1-16 The Crucifixion and Jesus' Care for His Mother 19:17-27 Jesus' Death and the Fulfillment of Scripture 19:28-37 Jesus' Burial 19:38-42 The Empty Tomb Discovered 20:1-9 Mary Magdalene Meets the Risen Lord 20:10-18 Jesus Appears to His Disciples and Breathes the Spirit 20:19-23 Thomas Believes; Purpose of John's Gospel 20:24-31 The Miraculous Catch and Breakfast by the Sea 21:1-14 Peter Reinstated and the Beloved Disciple 21:15-25

Acts

The Ascension of Jesus 1:1-11 Prayer in the Upper Room and the Choosing of Matthias 1:12-26 Pentecost: The Coming of the Spirit 2:1-13 Peter's Sermon and Three Thousand Converted 2:14-41 The Early Christian Community 2:42-47 Healing at the Beautiful Gate 3:1-10 Peter's Address at Solomon's Colonnade 3:11-26 The Apostles Before the Sanhedrin 4:1-22 Believers Pray for Boldness 4:23-31 The Believers Share Possessions 4:32-37 Ananias and Sapphira 5:1-11 Signs Performed by the Apostles 5:12-16 Persecution of the Apostles and Their Witness 5:17-42 The Appointment of the Seven Deacons 6:1-7 Stephen's Wisdom and Opposition 6:8-15 Stephen's Speech before the Sanhedrin 7:1-53 The Stoning of Stephen and the Persecution of the Church 7:54-8:1 Saul's Persecution Scatters the Church 8:2-3 Philip Proclaims Christ in Samaria 8:4-8 Simon Magus and Peter's Rebuke 8:9-25 Philip and the Ethiopian Eunuch 8:26-40 The Conversion of Saul 9:1-19 Saul's Early Ministry and Acceptance by the Church 9:20-31 Peter Heals Aeneas and Raises Tabitha 9:32-43 Cornelius' Vision and the Call for Peter 10:1-8 Peter's Vision and the Messengers from Cornelius 10:9-23 Peter at Cornelius' House: Gentiles Receive the Spirit 10:24-48 Peter Defends the Conversion of Gentiles 11:1-18 The Church in Antioch and Famine Relief 11:19-30 Herod Executes James; Peter Miraculously Freed 12:1-19 Herod's Death and the Church's Continued Growth 12:20-25 The First Missionary Sending 13:1-3 Ministry in Cyprus and Elymas's Blinding 13:4-12 Paul's Mission in Pisidian Antioch 13:13-52 Paul and Barnabas in Iconium 14:1-7 Healing in Lystra and Paul's Stoning 14:8-20 Paul and Barnabas Strengthen the Churches 14:21-28 The Jerusalem Council on Gentile Circumcision 15:1-21 The Council's Letter and Peace with Antioch 15:22-35 Paul and Barnabas Separate 15:36-41 Timothy Joins Paul and Churches Are Strengthened 16:1-5 The Call to Macedonia 16:6-10 Lydia's Conversion at Philippi 16:11-15 Paul and Silas Imprisoned and Released in Philippi 16:16-40 Preaching in Thessalonica and Opposition 17:1-9 Berea's Noble Reception and Paul's Departure 17:10-15 Paul's Address at the Areopagus 17:16-34 Paul's Ministry in Corinth and Conflict 18:1-17 Paul Departs; Apollos Instructed by Priscilla and Aquila 18:18-28 Paul's Ministry and the Ephesian Disciples 19:1-22 The Ephesian Riot over Artemis 19:23-41 Paul's Journeys Through Macedonia and Greece 20:1-6 Eutychus Raised in Troas 20:7-12 Paul's Farewell to the Ephesian Elders 20:13-38 Paul's Voyage to Jerusalem 21:1-16 Paul's Arrival in Jerusalem and the Temple Ritual 21:17-26 Paul Seized in the Temple 21:27-36 Paul's Defense: His Conversion and Mission 21:37-22:21 Paul's Arrest and the Council's Division 22:22-23:11 The Plot to Kill Paul and the Soldier's Intervention 23:12-22 Paul Escorted to Caesarea under Guard 23:23-35 Paul's Defense before Governor Felix 24:1-27 Paul Brought before Festus and the Jewish Charges 25:1-12 King Agrippa Learns of Paul's Case 25:13-22 Paul's Defense Before Agrippa 25:23-26:32 Paul's Voyage to Rome Begins 27:1-12 The Storm at Sea and God's Promise of Safety 27:13-26 Shipwreck and Deliverance on Malta 27:27-44 Paul on Malta: Healing and Hospitality 28:1-10 Voyage to Rome and Arrival 28:11-16 Paul in Rome: Preaching under House Arrest 28:17-31

Romans

Paul's Greeting and the Gospel's Power 1:1-17 God's Wrath Against Ungodliness 1:18-32 God's Impartial Judgment and Conscience 2:1-16 The Law, True Circumcision, and Jewish Identity 2:17-29 Israel's Advantage and God's Faithfulness 3:1-8 Universal Sinfulness and the Law's Condemnation 3:9-20 Righteousness Through Faith and Justification 3:21-31 Abraham: Justification by Faith 4:1-25 Peace with God and Reconciliation 5:1-11 Adam and Christ: Death, Grace, and Righteousness 5:12-21 Dead to Sin, Alive in Christ 6:1-14 Slavery to Sin or to Righteousness 6:15-23 Released from the Law to Serve in the Spirit 7:1-6 The Inner Conflict: Law, Sin, and the Flesh 7:7-25 Life in the Spirit: Freedom and Adoption 8:1-17 Future Glory and the Spirit's Intercession 8:18-27 Assurance of God's Love: Nothing Can Separate Us 8:28-39 Paul's Sorrow and God's Sovereign Election 9:1-29 Righteousness by Faith and Israel's Unbelief 9:30-10:21 A Remnant Preserved and Israel's Hardening 11:1-10 Gentiles Grafted In and a Warning Against Boasting 11:11-24 The Mystery of Israel's Salvation and God's Mercy 11:25-32 Doxology: Praise for God's Wisdom and Sovereignty 11:33-36 A Living Sacrifice and the Diversity of Gifts 12:1-8 Christian Conduct: Love, Humility, and Ethical Duties 12:9-21 Submission to Authorities and Civic Duty 13:1-7 Love Fulfills the Law; Walk in the Light 13:8-14 Christian Liberty, Conscience, and Mutual Acceptance 14:1-15:13 Paul's Service to the Gentiles and Missionary Ambition 15:14-22 Paul's Travel Plans and Prayer Requests 15:23-33 Personal Greetings, Final Warnings, and Doxology 16:1-27

Revelation

The Revelation Announced and the Blessing 1:1-3 Greeting and the Lord's Self‑Declaration 1:4-8 John's Vision of the Glorified Son of Man 1:9-20 Letter to Ephesus: Faithfulness and the Call to Repent 2:1-7 Letter to Smyrna: Persecution and the Crown of Life 2:8-11 Letter to Pergamum: Fidelity and False Teaching 2:12-17 Letter to Thyatira: Tolerance of Immorality and Promise to Overcomers 2:18-29 Letter to Sardis: Wakefulness and Repentance 3:1-6 Letter to Philadelphia: An Open Door and a Promise of Protection 3:7-13 Letter to Laodicea: Lukewarmness and the Call to Repent 3:14-22 The Throne in Heaven and Heavenly Worship 4:1-11 The Sealed Scroll and the Worthy Lamb 5:1-14 The Six Seals: Tribulation and Cosmic Disturbance 6:1-17 The Sealing of the 144,000 7:1-8 The Multitude Before the Throne: Salvation and Comfort 7:9-17 The Seventh Seal and the Prayers of the Saints 8:1-5 The Trumpet Judgments: Plagues and Woes 8:6-9:21 The Mighty Angel and the Little Scroll 10:1-11 The Two Witnesses: Prophecy, Death, and Resurrection 11:1-14 The Seventh Trumpet: God's Kingdom Proclaimed and the Temple Opened 11:15-19 The Cosmic Conflict: The Woman, the Dragon, and the Male Child 12:1-13:1 The Sea Beast: Blasphemy and Persecution 13:2-10 The Earth Beast and the Mark of the Beast 13:11-18 The Lamb on Mount Zion and the 144,000 14:1-5 The Three Angels' Messages and the Call to Endure 14:6-13 The Harvest of the Earth: Reaping God's Judgment 14:14-20 The Seven Last Plagues and the Victors' Song 15:1-8 The Bowl Judgments: The Seven Bowls of God's Wrath 16:1-21 The Fall of Babylon the Great and the Beast's Doom 17:1-18:24 Heavenly Praise and the Marriage of the Lamb 19:1-10 Christ's Triumphant Return and the Defeat of the Beast 19:11-21 Satan Bound and the Reign of the Saints 20:1-6 Satan's Final Rebellion and Defeat 20:7-10 The Great White Throne and the Final Judgment 20:11-15 The New Heaven and New Earth and the New Jerusalem 21:1-27 The River of Life and the Throne of God 22:1-6
1 And Jacob saw that there was grain in Egypt; and Jacob said to his sons, Why do you look at one another?

Gen.42.1 - Details

Original Text

וירא יעקב כי יש־ שבר במצרים ויאמר יעקב לבניו למה תתראו׃

Morphology

  • וירא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יעקב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • כי: CONJ
  • יש: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • שבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • במצרים: PREP+NOUN,prop,pl,m,abs
  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יעקב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • לבניו: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • למה: ADV
  • תתראו: VERB,hithpael,imperfect,2,m,pl

Parallels

  • Gen.41:57 (verbal): Declares that people from all lands came into Egypt to buy grain — directly echoes Gen 42:1's notice that there was grain in Egypt and motivates the same movement for food.
  • Gen.43:1 (structural): Immediate narrative continuation: the famine persists and Jacob's household must decide about going to Egypt for grain; it follows and develops the situation introduced in Gen 42:1.
  • Gen.12:10 (thematic): Abram goes down to Egypt because of a famine in the land — parallels the recurring biblical motif of families migrating to Egypt to obtain food during famine.
  • Ruth 1:1 (thematic): Records a famine-induced migration (Elimelech's family to Moab), illustrating the wider biblical theme of displacement and survival strategies in times of famine.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Jacob saw that there was grain in Egypt, and Jacob said to his sons, Why do you look at one another?
  • And Jacob saw that there was grain in Egypt; and Jacob said to his sons, Why do you look at one another?
2 And he said, Look, I have heard that there is grain in Egypt; go down there and buy for us from there, that we may live and not die.

Gen.42.2 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר הנה שמעתי כי יש־ שבר במצרים רדו־ שמה ושברו־ לנו משם ונחיה ולא נמות׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • הנה: PART
  • שמעתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • יש: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • שבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • במצרים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • רדו: VERB,qal,imperative,2,m,pl
  • שמה: ADV
  • ושברו: VERB,qal,imperative,2,_,pl
  • לנו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
  • משם: PREP
  • ונחיה: CONJ+VERB,qal,impf,1,pl
  • ולא: CONJ
  • נמות: VERB,qal,imperfect,1,_,pl

Parallels

  • Gen.41:56-57 (structural): Same narrative context: the famine affects all lands and people come to Egypt to buy grain — the situation that prompts Jacob’s sons to go and buy wheat.
  • Gen.47:13-20 (verbal): Later account of the same famine and the mechanics of buying grain in Egypt (sales, exchange of money and land) showing the consequences of seeking sustenance there.
  • Gen.12:10 (thematic): Abram likewise goes down to Egypt because of a famine in the land — a recurring Genesis motif of seeking food/survival abroad during famine.
  • Gen.26:1-2 (thematic): Isaac faces a famine and relocates (to Gerar), another parallel instance of a patriarchal household moving because of lack of food.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And he said, See, I have heard that there is grain in Egypt; go down there and buy for us from there, that we may live and not die.
  • And he said, Behold, I have heard that there is grain in Egypt; go down there and buy for us from there, that we may live and not die.
3 Then ten of Joseph’s brothers went down to buy grain from Egypt.

Gen.42.3 - Details

Original Text

וירדו אחי־ יוסף עשרה לשבר בר ממצרים׃

Morphology

  • וירדו: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,pl
  • אחי: NOUN,m,pl,suff
  • יוסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • עשרה: NUM,card,m,pl
  • לשבר: VERB,qal,inf
  • בר: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • ממצרים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Gen.41.57 (thematic): Famine in the land causes nations to come to Egypt to buy grain — the broader circumstance that explains why Joseph’s brothers go to Egypt.
  • Gen.42.2 (verbal): Jacob notices there is grain in Egypt and instructs his sons to go buy food there; this verse is the immediate narrative antecedent to v.3 and echoes the same action.
  • Gen.37.26-28 (allusion): The brothers’ earlier sale of Joseph to traders headed to Egypt creates a narrative link between their past actions involving Egypt and their present journey there to buy grain.
  • Gen.45.9-11 (structural): After Joseph reveals himself, he urges his brothers to bring Jacob and the family to Egypt so they may live and be fed during the famine — a later development rooted in the brothers’ initial trip to buy grain.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And ten of Joseph's brothers went down to buy grain from Egypt.
  • So Joseph’s brothers went down, ten, to buy grain from Egypt.
4 But Benjamin, Joseph’s brother, Jacob did not send with his brothers, for he said, Lest harm befall him.

Gen.42.4 - Details

Original Text

ואת־ בנימין אחי יוסף לא־ שלח יעקב את־ אחיו כי אמר פן־ יקראנו אסון׃

Morphology

  • ואת: CONJ
  • בנימין: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אחי: NOUN,m,pl,suff
  • יוסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • שלח: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יעקב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • את: PRT,acc
  • אחיו: NOUN,3,m,sg,abs
  • כי: CONJ
  • אמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • פן: CONJ
  • יקראנו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg,obj1pl
  • אסון: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Gen.43:8-9 (verbal): Judah repeats and echoes the same concern when pleading with Jacob and the brothers to allow Benjamin to go: he cites Jacob’s refusal and the fear that losing Benjamin would be fatal to their father.
  • Gen.42:38 (structural): Immediate context/parallel wording in which Jacob explains explicitly why he will not send Benjamin — he fears harm coming to the boy and the loss of his last son.
  • Gen.44:30-34 (verbal): When Judah pleads before Joseph, he again frames the danger to Benjamin in terms of their father’s possible death, directly reflecting the rationale given by Jacob for keeping Benjamin at home.
  • Gen.37:3-4 (thematic): Jacob’s special affection for Joseph (and by extension his partiality among his sons) provides background for his protective, solicitous behavior toward his children, helping explain his unwillingness to risk Benjamin.
  • Gen.37:34-35 (thematic): Jacob’s extreme grief over Joseph’s apparent death (tearing his clothes, mourning) parallels and helps explain his fear of losing another son, which underlies his refusal to send Benjamin.

Alternative generated candidates

  • But Benjamin, Joseph's brother, Jacob did not send with his brothers, for he said, Lest harm befall him.
  • But Benjamin, Joseph’s brother, Jacob did not send with his brothers, for he said, Lest harm befall him.
5 And the sons of Israel came to buy among those who came, for the famine was in the land of Canaan.

Gen.42.5 - Details

Original Text

ויבאו בני ישראל לשבר בתוך הבאים כי־ היה הרעב בארץ כנען׃

Morphology

  • ויבאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לשבר: VERB,qal,inf
  • בתוך: PREP
  • הבאים: PART,qal,ptcp,masc,pl,def
  • כי: CONJ
  • היה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • הרעב: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • בארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def
  • כנען: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Genesis 41:56-57 (verbal): Same narrative situation: a widespread famine and peoples from many lands coming to Egypt to buy grain — language and action paralleling Gen 42:5.
  • Genesis 45:16-20 (thematic): Later consequence of the same famine theme: Pharaoh and Joseph arrange for Jacob's family to come to Egypt, showing the migration that Gen 42:5 anticipates.
  • Genesis 12:10 (thematic): Abram (Abraham) earlier goes down to Egypt because of a famine in Canaan — an antecedent example of famine-driven movement out of the land.
  • Genesis 26:1-6 (thematic): A later recurrence: there is a famine in Isaac's time and he sojourns in Gerar, illustrating the recurring pattern of famine causing relocation within the patriarchal narratives.
  • Ruth 1:1 (thematic): A parallel case of famine in the land prompting migration (Naomi and family leave Bethlehem for Moab), thematically echoing Gen 42:5's link between famine and travel/relocation.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And the sons of Israel came to buy among those who came, for the famine was in the land of Canaan.
  • And the sons of Israel came to buy grain among those who came, for the famine was in the land of Canaan.
6 Now Joseph was the ruler over the land; he was the one who sold grain to all the people of the land. And Joseph’s brothers came and bowed down to him, faces to the ground.

Gen.42.6 - Details

Original Text

ויוסף הוא השליט על־ הארץ הוא המשביר לכל־ עם הארץ ויבאו אחי יוסף וישתחוו־ לו אפים ארצה׃

Morphology

  • ויוסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
  • השליט: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,sg
  • על: PREP
  • הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
  • המשביר: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • לכל: PREP
  • עם: PREP
  • הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • ויבאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • אחי: NOUN,m,pl,suff
  • יוסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וישתחוו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • לו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • אפים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • ארצה: NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Genesis 37:5-11 (thematic): Joseph's childhood dreams that his brothers and parents would bow to him are proleptic; Gen 42:6 records the fulfillment when his brothers bow before him.
  • Genesis 41:41-44 (structural): The formal transfer of authority: Pharaoh sets Joseph over all the land of Egypt and gives him signs of office—background for the description in 42:6 of Joseph as ruler over the land.
  • Genesis 41:56-57 (verbal): Describes the widespread famine and peoples coming to Egypt to buy grain, closely connected to 42:6's note that Joseph provided/sold to all the people of the land.
  • Genesis 47:13-14 (verbal): Later narrative of Joseph gathering money and selling grain to the Egyptians during the famine, paralleling the function attributed to him in 42:6 as the distributor/vendor of food.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Joseph—he was the ruler over the land; he was the one who sold grain to all the people of the land. And Joseph's brothers came and bowed down to him with their faces to the ground.
  • Now Joseph—he was the ruler over the land; he was the one who sold grain to all the people of the land. And Joseph’s brothers came and bowed themselves to him with their faces to the ground.
7 And Joseph saw his brothers and recognized them, but he made himself a stranger to them and spoke with them harshly. And he said to them, From where have you come? And they said, From the land of Canaan to buy food.

Gen.42.7 - Details

Original Text

וירא יוסף את־ אחיו ויכרם ויתנכר אליהם וידבר אתם קשות ויאמר אלהם מאין באתם ויאמרו מארץ כנען לשבר־ אכל׃

Morphology

  • וירא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יוסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • את: PRT,acc
  • אחיו: NOUN,3,m,sg,abs
  • ויכרם: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • ויתנכר: VERB,hith,perf,3,m,sg
  • אליהם: PREP,3,m,pl
  • וידבר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
  • קשות: ADJ,f,pl,abs
  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אלהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • מאין: ADV,interrog
  • באתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
  • ויאמרו: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,pl
  • מארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • כנען: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לשבר: VERB,qal,inf
  • אכל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Gen.37:18-28 (thematic): The earlier episode of Joseph among his brothers—when they seize him, strip his coat, and sell him—provides the background for their guilt and Joseph’s later covert behavior toward them in Egypt.
  • Gen.45:3 (structural): A direct structural contrast: here Joseph recognizes his brothers but conceals his identity; in 45:3 he finally reveals himself—showing the literary move from concealment to disclosure.
  • Ps.105:17-22 (allusion): The psalm recounts Joseph’s being bound, sold, tested, and exalted in Egypt, thematically paralleling the narrative context in which Joseph meets his brothers and begins testing them.
  • Acts 7:9 (allusion): In Stephen’s speech the pattern of the brothers’ hostility and sale of Joseph is summarized; Acts recalls the same sequence that makes the encounter in Gen 42 charged with past guilt.
  • Luke 24:16-31 (thematic): Typological/thematic parallel: like Joseph, the risen Jesus is initially unrecognized and speaks with others, testing and revealing identity later—both narratives use concealment and eventual revelation as dramatic devices.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Joseph saw his brothers and recognized them, and he made himself a stranger to them and spoke with them harshly. And he said to them, From where do you come? And they said, From the land of Canaan, to buy food.
  • And Joseph saw his brothers and recognized them, but he made himself a stranger to them and spoke harshly with them. And he said to them, From where have you come? And they said, From the land of Canaan, to buy food.
8 And Joseph recognized his brothers, but they did not recognize him.

Gen.42.8 - Details

Original Text

ויכר יוסף את־ אחיו והם לא הכרהו׃

Morphology

  • ויכר: VERB,qal,ipf,3,m,sg
  • יוסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • את: PRT,acc
  • אחיו: NOUN,3,m,sg,abs
  • והם: CONJ+PRON,3,m,pl
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • הכרהו: VERB,piel,perf,3,m,pl+obj3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Gen.42.9 (structural): Immediate continuation of the scene: verse 9 records Joseph's reaction and recollection of his earlier dreams after the initial recognition and their failure to recognize him.
  • Gen.45.3 (structural): Later reversal in the Joseph narrative where Joseph finally discloses his identity ('I am Joseph'), directly contrasting the earlier moment when his brothers did not recognize him.
  • Gen.37.33 (thematic): Jacob's recognition of Joseph's bloody coat leads him to conclude Joseph is dead — a contrasting episode of recognition based on an object rather than personal identification.
  • Luke 24:16 (thematic): On the road to Emmaus the disciples 'were kept from recognizing him' (the risen Jesus), a similar motif of withheld recognition that only later is lifted.
  • John 21:7 (thematic): After the resurrection the disciples at first do not realize the person on the shore is Jesus; recognition occurs only when he speaks, paralleling the pattern of hidden identity followed by revelation.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Joseph recognized his brothers, but they did not recognize him.
  • And Joseph recognized his brothers, but they did not recognize him.
9 And Joseph remembered the dreams that he had dreamed about them, and he said to them, You are spies; to see the land’s nakedness you have come.

Gen.42.9 - Details

Original Text

ויזכר יוסף את החלמות אשר חלם להם ויאמר אלהם מרגלים אתם לראות את־ ערות הארץ באתם׃

Morphology

  • ויזכר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • יוסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • את: PRT,acc
  • החלמות: NOUN,f,pl,def
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • חלם: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אלהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • מרגלים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
  • לראות: VERB,qal,inf
  • את: PRT,acc
  • ערות: NOUN,f,pl,const
  • הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • באתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl

Parallels

  • Gen.37:5-11 (verbal): Joseph's earlier dreams in which his brothers bow to him—Gen. 42:9 explicitly recalls these dreams and uses them to interpret the brothers' presence.
  • Gen.42:7 (structural): Immediate narrative context: the verse directly follows Joseph's recognition of his brothers and begins his testing/accusation by calling them spies.
  • Gen.44:1-17 (thematic): Later in the Joseph narrative Joseph stages a test (the hidden cup) to probe his brothers' character and truthfulness—parallel strategy of testing and assessing their motives.
  • Josh.2:1 (thematic): Joshua sends spies into Jericho 'to view the land'—shares the motif of reconnaissance/spies sent or accused to 'see' the land's condition, echoing the language and function of Gen. 42:9.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Joseph remembered the dreams that he had dreamed about them, and he said to them, You are spies; to see the nakedness of the land you have come.
  • And Joseph remembered the dreams that he had dreamed concerning them, and he said to them, Spies you are; to see the nakedness of the land you have come.
10 And they said to him, No, my lord; your servants have come to buy food.

Gen.42.10 - Details

Original Text

ויאמרו אליו לא אדני ועבדיך באו לשבר־ אכל׃

Morphology

  • ויאמרו: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,pl
  • אליו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • אדני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1,sg
  • ועבדיך: CONJ+NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:2,m,sg
  • באו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • לשבר: VERB,qal,inf
  • אכל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Genesis 42:11 (verbal): Immediate verbal parallel — the brothers repeat essentially the same declaration, "We are honest men; we are not spies," responding to the steward's suspicion.
  • Genesis 42:13 (thematic): Continuing defense — after denying they are spies they explain their family situation (twelve brothers, one younger), which is the substantive justification for their journey to buy food.
  • Genesis 43:8-10 (thematic): When the brothers return to Egypt they again plead their honesty and explain their family circumstances (especially Judah's speech), continuing the motif of defense against accusation and appeal for mercy.
  • Numbers 13:1-3; 13:27-28 (thematic): The formal sending and report of spies into Canaan provides a broader Israelite context for the category "spies" — a contrast to Genesis 42 where accused travelers insist they are merely merchants seeking food.
  • Judges 18:2-7 (thematic): The Danites' sending of men to scout Laish/Lod illustrates another narrative instance of 'spying/outlooking' territory; thematically related to the suspicion of covert intent that the Egyptian steward expresses to Joseph's brothers.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And they said to him, No, my lord; your servants have come to buy food.
  • And they said to him, No, my lord; your servants have come to buy food.
11 We all are sons of one man; we are honest; your servants are not spies.

Gen.42.11 - Details

Original Text

כלנו בני איש־ אחד נחנו כנים אנחנו לא־ היו עבדיך מרגלים׃

Morphology

  • כלנו: PRON,1,pl
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אחד: NUM,card,m,sg
  • נחנו: PRON,1,pl
  • כנים: ADJ,m,pl
  • אנחנו: PRON,1,pl
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • היו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • עבדיך: NOUN,m,pl,abs,2ms
  • מרגלים: NOUN,m,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Gen.44.9 (verbal): The brothers repeat essentially the same words later when accused again in Joseph’s house: they insist they are honest men and not spies (almost verbatim language).
  • Gen.42.17-20 (structural): Immediate structural parallel within the same episode: after the accusation that they are spies, Joseph detains them and decrees a test (keeping one brother while sending others with grain), showing how the claim in v.11 is put to the test.
  • Num.13-14 (thematic): The sending and reporting of spies into Canaan raises related themes of espionage, accusation, communal fear, and the moral credibility of the agents — parallels the motif of being labeled and tested as ‘spies.’
  • Josh.2.1-7 (thematic): Narrative of Israelite spies in Jericho and the town’s response (Rahab’s admission/protection and the accusation of spies) echoes the motif of clandestine agents, accusation, and questions of trust/integrity found in Gen 42:11.

Alternative generated candidates

  • We are all sons of one man; we are honest; your servants have not been spies.
  • We are all sons of one man; we are honest; your servants have not been spies.
12 And he said to them, No; to see the land’s nakedness you have come.

Gen.42.12 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר אלהם לא כי־ ערות הארץ באתם לראות׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אלהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • כי: CONJ
  • ערות: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • באתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
  • לראות: VERB,qal,inf

Parallels

  • Gen.42.9 (verbal): Immediate verbal parallel in the same speech — Joseph explicitly accuses his brothers, 'Ye are spies; to see the nakedness of the land ye are come,' the same charge continued in v.12.
  • Num.13:17-20 (thematic): Moses sends men 'to spy out the land' and 'see the land' and its inhabitants; parallels the theme of visiting to reconnoiter the land's condition.
  • Josh.2:1 (thematic): Joshua sends two men 'to spy secretly' into Jericho to see the land and its people; echoes the motif of clandestine inspection described in Genesis 42:12.
  • Deut.1:22-23 (thematic): The Israelites request that men be sent 'to search the land' before entering Canaan — a narrative parallel of sending or being accused of being sent to examine the land.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And he said to them, No; for the nakedness of the land you have come to see.
  • And he said to them, No; but the nakedness of the land you have come to see.
13 And they said, Your servants are twelve brothers, we are sons of one man in the land of Canaan; and behold, the youngest is with our father today, and the one is no more.

Gen.42.13 - Details

Original Text

ויאמרו שנים עשר עבדיך אחים ׀ אנחנו בני איש־ אחד בארץ כנען והנה הקטן את־ אבינו היום והאחד איננו׃

Morphology

  • ויאמרו: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,pl
  • שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
  • עבדיך: NOUN,m,pl,suff2ms
  • אחים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • אנחנו: PRON,1,pl
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אחד: NUM,card,m,sg
  • בארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def
  • כנען: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • והנה: ADV
  • הקטן: ADJ,m,sg,def
  • את: PRT,acc
  • אבינו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,prsuf1pl
  • היום: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • והאחד: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,def
  • איננו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl,neg

Parallels

  • Gen.44.20 (verbal): Nearly identical wording— the brothers again describe themselves as 'twelve brethren, sons of one man… the youngest is with our father, and one is not,' spoken later during the Benjamin/cup episode.
  • Gen.35.22-26 (structural): Catalogues the sons of Jacob (the twelve brothers), providing the genealogical basis for the statement 'we are twelve brethren.'
  • Gen.43.33 (thematic): At the brothers' second meeting with Joseph they are arranged 'the firstborn according to his birthright, and the youngest according to his youth,' highlighting the significance of the youngest (Benjamin) mentioned in 42:13.
  • Gen.37.34-35 (thematic): Jacob's profound mourning over Joseph's disappearance ('all his sons and daughters… could not comfort him') echoes and explains the family pain behind the phrase 'and one is not.'

Alternative generated candidates

  • And they said, We, your servants, are twelve brothers, sons of one man in the land of Canaan; and behold, the youngest is with our father today, and the one is no more.
  • And they said, We, your servants, are twelve brothers, sons of one man in the land of Canaan; and behold, the youngest is with our father today, and the one is no more.
14 And Joseph said to them, It is as I spoke to you: You are spies.

Gen.42.14 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר אלהם יוסף הוא אשר דברתי אלכם לאמר מרגלים אתם׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אלהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • יוסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • דברתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,c,sg
  • אלכם: PREP+PRON,2,m,pl
  • לאמר: INF,qal,infc
  • מרגלים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • אתם: PRON,2,m,pl

Parallels

  • Gen.42.9 (verbal): Same accusation earlier in the chapter where Joseph first confronts his brothers with the words 'You are spies' (repetition of the exact charge).
  • Gen.42.11-13 (structural): The brothers' immediate denial and Joseph's insistence form the surrounding dialogue to v.14; the exchange frames Joseph's test of them and their self-presentation as honest men.
  • Gen.44.1-5 (thematic): Later scene in which Joseph stages a similar test (the planting of the cup and the accusation of theft) — parallel method of testing and confronting his brothers under disguise.
  • Gen.37.26-28 (thematic): The brothers' earlier plot to sell Joseph highlights the background of betrayal and deceit that makes Joseph's suspicion and testing of them narratively resonant.
  • Ps.105.17-22 (allusion): Psalmic retelling of Joseph's humiliation and rise in Egypt (sold, imprisoned, exalted) parallels the larger Joseph narrative context in which accusations, imprisonment, and vindication occur.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Joseph said to them, It is as I spoke to you, saying, You are spies.
  • And Joseph said to them, It is as I spoke to you, saying, You are spies.
15 By this you shall be tested: By Pharaoh’s life, you shall not go out from here unless your youngest brother comes here.

Gen.42.15 - Details

Original Text

בזאת תבחנו חי פרעה אם־ תצאו מזה כי אם־ בבוא אחיכם הקטן הנה׃

Morphology

  • בזאת: PREP
  • תבחנו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
  • חי: ADJ,m,sg
  • פרעה: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • אם: CONJ
  • תצאו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
  • מזה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כי: CONJ
  • אם: CONJ
  • בבוא: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אחיכם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+2,m,pl
  • הקטן: ADJ,m,sg,def
  • הנה: PART

Parallels

  • Genesis 42:19-20 (structural): Immediate narrative parallel: the same command and rationale — Joseph (as Egyptian official) insists they will not leave until the youngest brother comes, continuing and expanding the testing motif begun in 42:15.
  • Genesis 44:1-5 (structural): Shows the method by which Joseph's earlier demand is actualized: Joseph instructs his steward to plant his cup in Benjamin's sack to ensure Benjamin is detained, continuing the staged testing of the brothers.
  • Genesis 43:8-9 (thematic): Judah's proposal to Jacob to send Benjamin and to act as guarantor (surety) responds directly to the problem created by the demand in 42:15; highlights family responsibility and the brothers' developing moral responses.
  • Genesis 44:32-34 (thematic): The climax of Joseph's testing: Judah pleads to remain as a slave in Benjamin's stead. This demonstrates the moral transformation that the detention/test begun in 42:15 was designed to produce.
  • Deuteronomy 8:2 (thematic): Broad theological parallel: God 'tested' Israel in the wilderness to know what was in their heart. Provides a bookend motif of testing to reveal character and faithfulness analogous to Joseph's testing of his brothers.

Alternative generated candidates

  • By this you shall be tested: By the life of Pharaoh, you shall not go from this place unless your youngest brother comes here.
  • By this you shall be tested: by the life of Pharaoh, you shall not go from this place unless your youngest brother comes here.
16 Send one of you, and let him fetch your brother; and you, be confined, and let your words be tested whether truth is with you; and if not—by Pharaoh’s life—you are spies.

Gen.42.16 - Details

Original Text

שלחו מכם אחד ויקח את־ אחיכם ואתם האסרו ויבחנו דבריכם האמת אתכם ואם־ לא חי פרעה כי מרגלים אתם׃

Morphology

  • שלחו: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,pl
  • מכם: PREP,2,m,pl
  • אחד: NUM,card,m,sg
  • ויקח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • אחיכם: NOUN,m,sg,cons,2,m,pl
  • ואתם: CONJ+PRON,2,pl
  • האסרו: VERB,niphal,imp,2,m,pl
  • ויבחנו: VERB,niphal,impf,3,m,pl
  • דבריכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs,2,m,pl
  • האמת: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • אתכם: PRT+PRON,2,m,pl
  • ואם: CONJ
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • חי: ADJ,m,sg
  • פרעה: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • כי: CONJ
  • מרגלים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • אתם: PRON,2,m,pl

Parallels

  • Gen.42.7 (verbal): Same episode — Joseph first accuses his brothers of being "spies" (מרגלים) when he overhears them, directly connected to the demand in 42:16 to detain and test them.
  • Gen.42.21-22 (thematic): The brothers’ private confession of guilt and conscience ('We are verily guilty concerning our brother') explains their fear and is the moral counterpart to Joseph’s decision to test them.
  • Gen.44.1-17 (structural): A later, parallel test by Joseph: he plants his silver cup in Benjamin’s sack, accuses him of theft, and insists Benjamin remain as a hostage — the same pattern of detaining one brother to prove the others’ truthfulness.
  • Num.13:1-33 (thematic): The motif of sending men to spy and testing/reporting (the 'spies' theme) parallels Genesis 42’s use of spying/espionage language and the idea of examination to determine truthfulness.

Alternative generated candidates

  • Send one of you and let him bring your brother, and you be confined, and let your words be tested, whether truth is with you; and if not—by the life of Pharaoh—you are spies.
  • Send one of you that he may fetch your brother, and you shall be confined, and your words shall be tested whether truth is with you; and if not—by the life of Pharaoh—you are surely spies.
17 And he put them together in custody for three days.

Gen.42.17 - Details

Original Text

ויאסף אתם אל־ משמר שלשת ימים׃

Morphology

  • ויאסף: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
  • אל: NEG
  • משמר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שלשת: NUM,m,pl,abs
  • ימים: NOUN,m,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Genesis 42:18-20 (structural): Immediate narrative continuation: Joseph detains the brothers for three days and then separates Simeon — the same episode expanded, showing purpose and outcome of the three-day custody.
  • Genesis 40:3-23 (thematic): Earlier instance of imprisonment in Joseph’s story: Joseph as a prisoner/keeper of the prison shows the recurring motif of custody that leads to later revelation and reversal.
  • Jonah 1:17 (thematic): Jonah’s being confined in the fish ‘three days and three nights’ uses the same three-day time-frame as a period of judgment, testing, and impending deliverance.
  • Matthew 12:40 (allusion): Jesus cites Jonah’s three days as a paradigmatic sign; this connects the biblical motif of ‘three days’ as a decisive period (testing, death/rescue, or revelation).
  • Matthew 27:62-66 (thematic): Pilate’s ordering of guards at Jesus’ tomb parallels the idea of official custody/guarding to control movement and testimony — a comparable motif of confinement and its witness implications.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And he put them all together in custody for three days.
  • And he put them in custody for three days.
18 And Joseph said to them on the third day, Do this and live; I fear God.

Gen.42.18 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר אלהם יוסף ביום השלישי זאת עשו וחיו את־ האלהים אני ירא׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אלהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • יוסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ביום: PREP
  • השלישי: ADJ,m,sg,def
  • זאת: DEM,f,sg
  • עשו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • וחיו: VERB,qal,juss,3,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • האלהים: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • אני: PRON,1,sg
  • ירא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Genesis 39:9 (thematic): Joseph refuses Potiphar’s wife, insisting he cannot commit that sin because it would be sinning against God—same moral motive of fearing God as the basis for action.
  • Jonah 1:9 (verbal): Jonah explicitly says “I fear the LORD” (similar Hebrew formula), a close verbal parallel in which the speaker invokes fear of God to define identity and conduct.
  • Daniel 6:10 (thematic): Daniel persists in prayer despite a royal decree because he fears God—fear of God as primary loyalty that governs behavior under political pressure, like Joseph’s claim.
  • Proverbs 1:7 (thematic): “The fear of the LORD is the beginning of knowledge” — proverbial teaching that fear of God undergirds right conduct and wisdom, echoing Joseph’s appeal to fearing God as decisive.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Joseph said to them on the third day, Do this and live, for I fear God.
  • And on the third day Joseph said to them, Do this and live, for I fear God.
19 If you are honest, let one of your brothers be confined in your prison-house; and you, go, bring grain for the hunger of your households.

Gen.42.19 - Details

Original Text

אם־ כנים אתם אחיכם אחד יאסר בבית משמרכם ואתם לכו הביאו שבר רעבון בתיכם׃

Morphology

  • אם: CONJ
  • כנים: ADJ,m,pl
  • אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
  • אחיכם: NOUN,m,sg,construct+2m.pl
  • אחד: NUM,card,m,sg
  • יאסר: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
  • בבית: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
  • משמרכם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+2m.pl
  • ואתם: CONJ+PRON,2,pl
  • לכו: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,pl
  • הביאו: VERB,hiphil,imperat,2,m,pl
  • שבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • רעבון: NOUN,m,sg,construct
  • בתיכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+2m.pl

Parallels

  • Gen.42.9 (verbal): Joseph's initial charge to the brothers — 'Are ye not spies?' — directly echoes the accusation in v.19 and sets up the same interrogation motif.
  • Gen.42.24 (structural): Immediate narrative fulfillment of v.19: Simeon is bound in their sight and kept as a hostage while the others are sent away.
  • Gen.44.33 (thematic): Judah's offer to remain as a bondman in place of Benjamin parallels the hostage/substitution dynamic introduced when one brother is detained in v.19.
  • Josh.2.1 (thematic): Rahab's hiding of Israelite spies and the theme of clandestine visitation in a foreign land parallels the motif of 'spies' entering another's territory in Gen 42:19.
  • Num.13:17-25 (thematic): The sending and reporting of scouts into Canaan echoes the reconnaissance/spy motif — commissioning, investigation, and the consequences of a spying mission.

Alternative generated candidates

  • If you are honest, let one of your brothers be confined in prison, and you go, carry grain to relieve the hunger of your households.
  • If you are honest men, let one of your brothers be confined in your prison; but you, go, carry grain for the hunger of your households.
20 And bring your youngest brother to me, so your words will be confirmed, and you shall not die. And they did so.

Gen.42.20 - Details

Original Text

ואת־ אחיכם הקטן תביאו אלי ויאמנו דבריכם ולא תמותו ויעשו־ כן׃

Morphology

  • ואת: CONJ
  • אחיכם: NOUN,m,sg,abs,2,mp
  • הקטן: ADJ,m,sg,def
  • תביאו: VERB,qal,impf,2,mp
  • אלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • ויאמנו: CONJ+VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
  • דבריכם: NOUN,m,pl,abs,2,mp
  • ולא: CONJ
  • תמותו: VERB,qal,impf,2,mp
  • ויעשו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • כן: ADV

Parallels

  • Genesis 43:8-9 (structural): Judah tells Jacob that if Benjamin goes with them he will be surety (a guarantee) — a parallel demand to bring the youngest brother as proof and assurance to others.
  • Genesis 42:21-22 (allusion): Immediate narrative response: the brothers admit their guilt and recall Benjamin as the remaining son, echoing the concern about the youngest referenced in 42:20.
  • Genesis 44:4 (thematic): Joseph has his steward place the silver cup in Benjamin's sack to frame him — a later stage of the same testing strategy that required bringing the youngest to prove the brothers' story.
  • Genesis 44:33-34 (thematic): Judah offers himself as surety for Benjamin (willing to remain a slave in his place), developing the guarantee motif begun when Joseph demanded that the youngest be brought.
  • Genesis 42:7 (structural): Joseph confronts the brothers as spies and interrogates them — the setting and accusation that lead directly to his demand in 42:20 that they bring the youngest as verification.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And bring your youngest brother to me; so your words will be proven true, and you shall not die. And they did so.
  • And bring your youngest brother to me, so your words will be confirmed, and you shall not die. And they did so.
21 Then they said each to his brother, Indeed we are guilty concerning our brother, in that we saw the distress of his soul when he pleaded with us, and we did not listen; therefore this distress has come upon us.

Gen.42.21 - Details

Original Text

ויאמרו איש אל־ אחיו אבל אשמים ׀ אנחנו על־ אחינו אשר ראינו צרת נפשו בהתחננו אלינו ולא שמענו על־ כן באה אלינו הצרה הזאת׃

Morphology

  • ויאמרו: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,pl
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • אחיו: NOUN,3,m,sg,abs
  • אבל: CONJ
  • אשמים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
  • אנחנו: PRON,1,pl
  • על: PREP
  • אחינו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:1pl
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • ראינו: VERB,qal,perf,1,c,pl
  • צרת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
  • נפשו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
  • בהתחננו: VERB,hitpael,perf,3,m,sg+obj:1pl
  • אלינו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
  • ולא: CONJ
  • שמענו: VERB,qal,perf,1,c,pl
  • על: PREP
  • כן: ADV
  • באה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
  • אלינו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
  • הצרה: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • הזאת: DEM,f,sg,def

Parallels

  • Gen.37:23-28 (structural): Narrative source of the brothers' guilt: these verses describe how they seized Joseph, ignored his pleas, and sold him — the action to which Gen 42:21 refers.
  • Gen.42:22 (verbal): Immediate continuation that echoes the same confession of guilt; Reuben reproaches the brothers for not heeding his warning not to harm Joseph.
  • Gen.44:16-17 (thematic): When Judah speaks before the (disguised) Egyptian, he acknowledges that 'God hath found out the iniquity of thy servants' — a parallel confession of responsibility and fear over past sin involving Joseph.
  • Gen.50:15-21 (thematic): After Jacob's death the brothers fear retribution and recall their crime; Joseph later reframes the event as God’s providential will, addressing the guilt and its consequences referenced in Gen 42:21.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And they said each to his brother, Indeed we are guilty concerning our brother, in that we saw the distress of his soul when he pleaded with us and we did not listen; therefore this distress has come upon us.
  • And they said each to his brother, Indeed we are guilty concerning our brother, in that we saw the distress of his soul when he begged us and we did not listen; therefore this distress has come upon us.
22 And Reuben answered them, saying, Did I not say to you, Do not sin against the boy? But you did not listen; and now, behold, his blood is being required.

Gen.42.22 - Details

Original Text

ויען ראובן אתם לאמר הלוא אמרתי אליכם ׀ לאמר אל־ תחטאו בילד ולא שמעתם וגם־ דמו הנה נדרש׃

Morphology

  • ויען: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • ראובן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
  • לאמר: INF,qal,infc
  • הלוא: PART
  • אמרתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,com,sg
  • אליכם: PREP+PRON,2,pl
  • לאמר: INF,qal,infc
  • אל: NEG
  • תחטאו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
  • בילד: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ולא: CONJ
  • שמעתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
  • וגם: CONJ
  • דמו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,poss3ms
  • הנה: PART
  • נדרש: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,sg

Parallels

  • Genesis 37:21-22 (verbal): Reuben's earlier intervention: he told the brothers not to kill Joseph and planned to rescue him from the pit — the same injunction he invokes in 42:22 ('I told you, do not sin against the boy').
  • Genesis 37:26-28 (structural): Narrative account of the brothers selling Joseph into slavery while Reuben was absent; provides the immediate background for Reuben's reproach that they did not heed his warning and that Joseph's blood is now in question.
  • Genesis 42:21 (thematic): Immediate contextual parallel: the brothers acknowledge their guilt toward their brother ('Surely we are guilty concerning our brother'), which connects directly to Reuben's complaint that they ignored his plea and now face the consequences.
  • Genesis 50:15-21 (thematic): Later scene in which Joseph's brothers fear reprisal for selling him and beg forgiveness; mirrors the theme of guilt over harm done to a brother and the issue of accountability and mercy.
  • Genesis 4:10 (allusion): God's rebuke to Cain — 'the voice of your brother's blood cries to me' — echoes the theological motif that the blood of a wronged brother calls for justice (cf. 'and his blood is required' in 42:22).

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Reuben answered them, saying, Did I not say to you, saying, Do not sin against the child? But you did not listen; and now, behold, his blood is required.
  • And Reuben answered them, saying, Did I not say to you, Do not sin against the boy? But you did not listen; and now his blood also is required.
23 And they did not know that Joseph understood, for the interpreter was between them.

Gen.42.23 - Details

Original Text

והם לא ידעו כי שמע יוסף כי המליץ בינתם׃

Morphology

  • והם: CONJ+PRON,3,m,pl
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • ידעו: VERB,qal,perf,3,pl
  • כי: CONJ
  • שמע: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יוסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כי: CONJ
  • המליץ: VERB,hiph,perf,3,m,sg
  • בינתם: NOUN,f,sg,abs+3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Genesis 42:7-8 (structural): Immediate narrative context: Joseph recognizes his brothers and remembers his dreams, while the brothers do not recognize him—sets up 42:23's statement that they did not know he understood them.
  • Genesis 45:1-8 (thematic): Later revelation of Joseph's identity after testing his brothers; continues the theme of concealed knowledge, recognition, and the disclosure of understanding.
  • Daniel 5:11-12 (thematic): Daniel is cited as an interpreter of dreams and enigmas for a foreign king—parallels the motif of an interpreter mediating understanding between speaker and audience in a courtly, multilingual setting.
  • 1 Corinthians 14:13-19 (thematic): Paul emphasizes the need for interpretation so that speech may be understood by listeners; relates to Joseph's use of an interpreter to control communication and comprehension.
  • John 2:23-25 (thematic): Jesus perceives what is in people though they are unaware he knows; similar motif of hidden perception—one party understands inner meaning while the other remains unaware.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And they did not know that Joseph understood, for the interpreter was between them.
  • And they did not know that Joseph understood, for the interpreter was between them.
24 And he turned away from them and wept; then he returned to them and spoke to them, and he took Simeon from them and bound him before their eyes.

Gen.42.24 - Details

Original Text

ויסב מעליהם ויבך וישב אלהם וידבר אלהם ויקח מאתם את־ שמעון ויאסר אתו לעיניהם׃

Morphology

  • ויסב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • מעליהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • ויבך: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • וישב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אלהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • וידבר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • אלהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • ויקח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • מאתם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • שמעון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ויאסר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
  • לעיניהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Gen.45:1-2 (verbal): Joseph breaks down and weeps aloud before his brothers and then reveals himself — parallels the motif of Joseph/official weeping and the disclosure/tension surrounding his identity.
  • Gen.37:34-35 (thematic): Jacob's prolonged mourning over the presumed-dead Joseph echoes the theme of intense weeping connected to Joseph's fate and the family’s grief.
  • Gen.44:12-34 (structural): The later episode in which Joseph tests his brothers by accusing Benjamin, searches the sacks, and detains them (recalling Simeon’s being held) continues the same strategy of hostage-taking and examination of the brothers’ behavior.
  • Ps.105:17-22 (allusion): The psalm recounts Joseph being bound and placed in irons in Egypt — thematically related to detention/imprisonment imagery and the reversal whereby Joseph, now powerful, binds a brother.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And he turned away from them and wept; then he returned to them and spoke to them, and he took Simeon from them and bound him before their eyes.
  • And he turned away from them and wept; and he returned to them and spoke to them; and he took Simeon from them and bound him before their eyes.
25 Then Joseph commanded, and they filled their vessels with grain, and to restore each man’s silver to his sack, and to give them provisions for the road; and he did so for them.

Gen.42.25 - Details

Original Text

ויצו יוסף וימלאו את־ כליהם בר ולהשיב כספיהם איש אל־ שקו ולתת להם צדה לדרך ויעש להם כן׃

Morphology

  • ויצו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • יוסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • וימלאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • כליהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • בר: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • ולהשיב: VERB,hiph,inf
  • כספיהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • שקו: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ולתת: VERB,qal,inf
  • להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • צדה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • לדרך: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • ויעש: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • כן: ADV

Parallels

  • Gen.42.27 (verbal): Immediate narrative continuation: the brothers open their sacks and find the money Joseph ordered returned — the same event described from the recipients' perspective.
  • Gen.43.11-14 (thematic): Jacob instructs his sons to take a present and to carry money for the man in Egypt and food for the journey, echoing the themes of provision, gifts, and money exchanged in the Egypt visit.
  • Gen.45.21-22 (thematic): After revealing himself Joseph provides wagons, provisions and changes of clothing for his brothers' journey home — a later, fuller instance of Joseph supplying for their return.
  • Gen.41.56-57 (thematic): During the famine all the countries come to Egypt to buy grain stored under Joseph's administration, giving the wider context for Joseph filling the brothers' sacks and provisioning travelers.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Joseph commanded, and they filled their vessels with grain, and to restore each man's money into his sack, and to give them provision for the journey; and so he did for them.
  • And Joseph commanded to fill their vessels with grain, and to restore each man’s money to his sack, and to give them provisions for the road; and thus he did for them.
26 And they loaded their grain onto their donkeys and went from there.

Gen.42.26 - Details

Original Text

וישאו את־ שברם על־ חמריהם וילכו משם׃

Morphology

  • וישאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • שברם: NOUN,m,sg,poss
  • על: PREP
  • חמריהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs,3,m,pl
  • וילכו: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,pl
  • משם: PREP

Parallels

  • Gen.42.25 (verbal): Immediate precursor in the same scene: Joseph gives them food and restores their money; verse 42:26 continues the action as they load the grain and depart.
  • Gen.42.35 (structural): Narrative follow‑up: describes the brothers' return to Canaan with the grain and their report to Jacob — the consequence of their departure in v.26.
  • Gen.43.11-14 (thematic): Brothers prepare provisions, take money, and set out to return to Egypt for Benjamin — repeats the motif of provisioning and departure to/ from Egypt.
  • Gen.45.21-25 (thematic): Later reversal: Joseph supplies his brothers (and later Jacob) for travel and they go to and from Egypt laden with goods — echoes the image of people departing with provisions on animals.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And they loaded their grain upon their donkeys and went from there.
  • And they loaded their grain on their donkeys and went away from there.
27 And one of them opened his sack to give fodder to his donkey at the lodging place, and he saw his silver, and behold, it was in the mouth of his sack.

Gen.42.27 - Details

Original Text

ויפתח האחד את־ שקו לתת מספוא לחמרו במלון וירא את־ כספו והנה־ הוא בפי אמתחתו׃

Morphology

  • ויפתח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • האחד: PRON,indef,sg,m
  • את: PRT,acc
  • שקו: NOUN,m,sg,suff
  • לתת: VERB,qal,inf
  • מספוא: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • לחמרו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,suff
  • במלון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
  • וירא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • כספו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m
  • והנה: ADV
  • הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
  • בפי: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,construct
  • אמתחתו: NOUN,f,sg,suff

Parallels

  • Genesis 44:12 (verbal): A virtually parallel episode: the brothers open their sacks and discover a planted object (the silver cup) in Benjamin's sack — same motif and narrative device (an item found in a sack provoking alarm).
  • Genesis 37:28 (thematic): Joseph is sold to Ishmaelite traders for silver — thematically links silver with betrayal, transaction, and the brothers' later confrontation over money.
  • Matthew 27:3-10 (thematic): Judas returns the thirty pieces of silver and the chief priests use the money for the potter's field — another New Testament episode where silver figures centrally in guilt, discovery/return, and moral consequence.
  • Deuteronomy 22:1-3 (thematic): Laws about finding and returning lost property — thematically related to issues of possession, discovered objects, and obligations when money or goods are found in another's custody.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And one opened his sack to give fodder to his donkey at the lodging place, and he saw his money, and behold, it was in the mouth of his bag.
  • And one opened his sack to give fodder to his donkey at the lodging place, and he saw his money, and behold, it was in the mouth of his bag.
28 And he said to his brothers, My silver has been returned, and moreover, here it is in my sack. Then their hearts failed them, and they trembled, each to his brother, saying, What is this that God has done to us?

Gen.42.28 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר אל־ אחיו הושב כספי וגם הנה באמתחתי ויצא לבם ויחרדו איש אל־ אחיו לאמר מה־ זאת עשה אלהים לנו׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אל: NEG
  • אחיו: NOUN,3,m,sg,abs
  • הושב: VERB,qal,ptc,ms
  • כספי: NOUN,m,sg,poss
  • וגם: CONJ
  • הנה: PART
  • באמתחתי: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,poss
  • ויצא: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • לבם: NOUN,m,sg,poss
  • ויחרדו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • אחיו: NOUN,3,m,sg,abs
  • לאמר: INF,qal,infc
  • מה: PRON,int
  • זאת: DEM,f,sg
  • עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אלהים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • לנו: PREP+PRON,1,pl

Parallels

  • Gen.42.21 (structural): Immediate internal parallel in the same scene: the brothers recognize their guilt and fear (“we are guilty concerning our brother”), preparing the emotional reaction in 42:28.
  • Gen.44:12 (verbal): Repetition of the same episode motif — the brothers find their money returned in their sacks, linking the narrative structure and shock of discovery.
  • Gen.50:20 (thematic): Joseph’s later reflection that what his brothers intended for evil God intended for good shows the theological interpretation of the mysterious events the brothers attribute to God in 42:28.
  • Prov.21:1 (thematic): Expresses the theme of divine control over human hearts and events — fitting the brothers’ exclamation, 'What is this God has done to us?,' which perceives God’s hand in their plight.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And he said to his brothers, My money has been returned, and moreover, behold, it is in my bag. And their hearts failed, and they trembled, each to his brother, saying, What is this that God has done to us?
  • And he said to his brothers, My money has been returned, and moreover, behold, it is in my bag. And their hearts failed, and they trembled, each to his brother, saying, What is this that God has done to us?
29 And they came to Jacob their father, to the land of Canaan, and they told him all that had happened to them, saying:

Gen.42.29 - Details

Original Text

ויבאו אל־ יעקב אביהם ארצה כנען ויגידו לו את כל־ הקרת אתם לאמר׃

Morphology

  • ויבאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • אל: NEG
  • יעקב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אביהם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,pl
  • ארצה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • כנען: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • ויגידו: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,pl
  • לו: PRON,3,m,sg
  • את: PRT,acc
  • כל: DET
  • הקרת: NOUN,m,pl,def
  • אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
  • לאמר: INF,qal,infc

Parallels

  • Genesis 37:32-35 (verbal): Brothers report to Jacob about Joseph’s fate — bringing Joseph’s bloodied coat and telling Jacob he is torn to pieces; both passages depict the sons conveying traumatic news about a brother to their father and Jacob’s consequent grief.
  • Genesis 45:25-28 (thematic): The brothers return to Jacob in Canaan and report the truth about Joseph — that he is alive and governor in Egypt; this functions as a narrative counterpart (resolution) to the earlier report in 42:29 and shows the reversal of Jacob’s distress.
  • Genesis 42:36 (structural): Immediate narrative continuation within the same episode: Jacob’s anguished reaction to the news about Joseph (and fear for Benjamin) is recorded here, linking the report in 42:29 with Jacob’s mourning and loss of appetite.
  • Psalm 105:17-22 (allusion): A later retelling of the Joseph story that summarizes key events (sold by his brothers, bound, put in iron, tested) and recalls the family crisis; serves as a thematic reflection on the same family-reporting and suffering motifs present in Genesis 42:29.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And they came to Jacob their father in the land of Canaan and told him all that had befallen them, saying,
  • And they came to Jacob their father in the land of Canaan, and they told him all that had befallen them, saying,
30 The man, the lord of the land, spoke with us harshly and accounted us as spies of the land.

Gen.42.30 - Details

Original Text

דבר האיש אדני הארץ אתנו קשות ויתן אתנו כמרגלים את־ הארץ׃

Morphology

  • דבר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • האיש: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • אדני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1,sg
  • הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • אתנו: PRON,1,pl
  • קשות: ADJ,f,pl,abs
  • ויתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אתנו: PRON,1,pl
  • כמרגלים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • את: PRT,acc
  • הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def

Parallels

  • Genesis 42:9 (verbal): Same scene—Joseph (the Egyptian ruler) accuses the brothers of being spies and treats them harshly; the language and charge are repeated within the chapter.
  • Numbers 13:1–3,17–20 (thematic): The sending of scouts/’spies’ to survey a land; thematically parallels the role and peril of being labeled a מרגל (spy) when examining territory.
  • Joshua 2:1 (thematic): Joshua’s secret mission of two spies into Jericho echoes the motif of covert reconnaissance and the risks spies face among foreign populations.
  • 2 Samuel 10:4–5 (thematic): King Hanun’s humiliation of David’s envoys because they were suspected of being spies parallels a foreign ruler treating visitors harshly on the accusation of espionage.

Alternative generated candidates

  • The man, the lord of the land, spoke with us harshly and took us for spies of the land.
  • The man, the lord of the land, spoke harshly with us and counted us as spies of the land.
31 And we said to him, We are honest; we have not been spies.

Gen.42.31 - Details

Original Text

ונאמר אליו כנים אנחנו לא היינו מרגלים׃

Morphology

  • ונאמר: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אליו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
  • כנים: ADV
  • אנחנו: PRON,1,pl
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • היינו: VERB,qal,perf,1,pl
  • מרגלים: NOUN,m,pl,abs

Parallels

  • Gen.42:9–11 (verbal): Immediate repetition in the same episode: the brothers earlier respond to the charge of being spies with the same formula—'we are honest men; we are not spies.'
  • Gen.42:17–20 (structural): Same interrogation/test motif in the narrative: Joseph detains the brothers, tests them (imprisonment, search of sacks, demand for proof), which frames the 'we are not spies' denial within a larger trial structure.
  • Num.13:1–33 (thematic): The classic Israelite 'spies' episode: sending of scouts into Canaan and the tensions/accusations that follow. The passage shares the motif of reconnaissance, report, and the decisive consequences of spying for group dynamics and leadership.
  • Josh.2:1–7 (thematic): Spying on the land of Canaan and the moral-political handling of spies: Rahab's interaction with Israelite spies contrasts with the Genesis scene (acknowledgment and protection versus denial and accusation), highlighting different responses to espionage.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And we said to him, We are honest; we were not spies.
  • But we said to him, We are honest; we have not been spies.
32 Twelve we are, brothers, sons of our father; the one is no more, and the youngest is today with our father in the land of Canaan.

Gen.42.32 - Details

Original Text

שנים־ עשר אנחנו אחים בני אבינו האחד איננו והקטן היום את־ אבינו בארץ כנען׃

Morphology

  • שנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • עשר: NUM,card,m,sg,cons
  • אנחנו: PRON,1,pl
  • אחים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • אבינו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,prsuf1pl
  • האחד: PRON,indef,sg,m
  • איננו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl,neg
  • והקטן: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,def
  • היום: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • את: PRT,acc
  • אבינו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,prsuf1pl
  • בארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def
  • כנען: NOUN,m,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Genesis 42:21–22 (verbal): Immediate narrative parallel in the same scene: the brothers confess their guilt and again state that one brother is missing and the youngest remains with their father (same wording/context).
  • Genesis 35:22–26 (structural): Catalogue of Jacob’s twelve sons that establishes the family composition (the ‘twelve brothers’) and identifies Benjamin as the youngest, underlying the brothers’ claim here.
  • Genesis 37:31–35 (thematic): Account of the brothers’ deception about Joseph’s disappearance and Jacob’s mourning (‘one is not’); explains how Joseph came to be absent from the family.
  • Psalm 105:16–22 (thematic): Poetic retelling of the Joseph story (sold into slavery and absent from his family), echoing the themes of a missing son and the brothers’ role in his disappearance.

Alternative generated candidates

  • We are twelve brothers, sons of our one father; one is no more, and the youngest is with our father today in the land of Canaan.
  • We are twelve brothers, sons of our father; one is no more, and the youngest is now with our father in the land of Canaan.
33 And the man, the lord of the land, said to us, By this I shall know that you are honest: leave one of your brothers with me, and take grain for the hunger of your households, and go.

Gen.42.33 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר אלינו האיש אדני הארץ בזאת אדע כי כנים אתם אחיכם האחד הניחו אתי ואת־ רעבון בתיכם קחו ולכו׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אלינו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
  • האיש: NOUN,m,sg,def
  • אדני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1,sg
  • הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • בזאת: PREP
  • אדע: VERB,qal,imperfect,1,_,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • כנים: ADJ,m,pl
  • אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
  • אחיכם: NOUN,m,sg,suff2m
  • האחד: PRON,indef,sg,m
  • הניחו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • אתי: PRON,1,sg
  • ואת: CONJ
  • רעבון: PN,m,sg
  • בתיכם: NOUN,m,pl,suff2m
  • קחו: VERB,qal,impv,2,pl
  • ולכו: VERB,qal,imp,2,pl

Parallels

  • Genesis 42:18-20 (structural): Immediate narrative context in which the Egyptian (Joseph, unrecognized) accuses the brothers of being spies and demands a pledge — setting up the requirement that one brother remain as proof of their honesty.
  • Genesis 42:24-28 (structural): Direct continuation showing the outcome of the demand: Simeon is detained while the others' sacks are filled with grain and money is returned — the concrete fulfillment of leaving a brother behind.
  • Genesis 43:9 (thematic): Judah offers to be surety for Benjamin ('let me be surety for him'), echoing the motif of leaving/pledging a brother as guarantee for the others' future conduct and safety.
  • Genesis 44:12-34 (thematic): Joseph’s later, intensified test in which Benjamin is accused and kept; Judah’s impassioned plea and offer to substitute himself (44:33–34) develop the theme of a brother left as hostage and the ethical testing of the brothers' integrity.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And the man, the lord of the land, said to us, By this I shall know that you are honest: Leave one of your brothers with me, and take grain for the hunger of your households and go.
  • And the man, the lord of the land, said to us, By this I shall know that you are honest: leave one of your brothers with me, and take grain for the hunger of your households, and go.
34 And bring your youngest brother to me; then I shall know that you are not spies, but that you are honest; I will give your brother to you, and you may trade in the land.

Gen.42.34 - Details

Original Text

והביאו את־ אחיכם הקטן אלי ואדעה כי לא מרגלים אתם כי כנים אתם את־ אחיכם אתן לכם ואת־ הארץ תסחרו׃

Morphology

  • והביאו: VERB,hiphil,imp,2,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • אחיכם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+2mp
  • הקטן: ADJ,m,sg,def
  • אלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • ואדעה: VERB,qal,impf,1,m,sg
  • כי: CONJ
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • מרגלים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
  • אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
  • כי: CONJ
  • כנים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
  • אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • אחיכם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+2mp
  • אתן: VERB,qal,impf,1,sg
  • לכם: PREP,2,m,pl
  • ואת: CONJ
  • הארץ: NOUN,f,sg,def
  • תסחרו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl

Parallels

  • Genesis 42:11 (verbal): Brothers’ declaration that they are ‘honest men’ (כֵּ֣ן/כּנִּים) echoes the exact claim Joseph sets as the test in 42:34.
  • Genesis 42:18-20 (structural): Immediate narrative context: Joseph accuses them of being spies, detains Simeon and explicitly orders that the younger brother be brought — the situation that 42:34 formalizes.
  • Genesis 43:8-9 (structural): Judah offers himself as surety for Benjamin (‘let me be surety for him’), picking up the motif of a pledge/guarantee demanded in 42:34.
  • Genesis 44:18-34 (thematic): Judah’s later plea and willingness to become a substitute for Benjamin fulfills and reverses the original test by demonstrating the brothers’ changed loyalty and responsibility.
  • Genesis 41:54-57 (thematic): Description of Egypt buying grain under Joseph’s administration parallels the promise in 42:34 that, if proven honest, the brothers may buy grain and trade in the land.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And bring your youngest brother to me; then I will know that you are not spies but that you are honest; I will give your brother to you, and you may trade in the land.
  • And bring your youngest brother to me; then I shall know that you are not spies, but honest; I will give your brother to you, and you may trade in the land.
35 And it happened as they were emptying their sacks that, behold, each man’s bundle of silver was in his sack; and they and their father saw the bundles of their silver, and they were afraid.

Gen.42.35 - Details

Original Text

ויהי הם מריקים שקיהם והנה־ איש צרור־ כספו בשקו ויראו את־ צררות כספיהם המה ואביהם וייראו׃

Morphology

  • ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
  • הם: PRON,personal,3,m,pl
  • מריקים: VERB,piel,ptc,3,m,pl
  • שקיהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3,m,pl
  • והנה: ADV
  • איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • צרור: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • כספו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m
  • בשקו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
  • ויראו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • צררות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
  • כספיהם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,pl
  • המה: PRON,3,m,pl
  • ואביהם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,pl
  • וייראו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl

Parallels

  • Genesis 42:27-28 (verbal): Immediate context: the same action — the brothers empty their sacks and discover the money returned, and both they and Jacob are frightened. Shares wording and narrative moment.
  • Genesis 44:12-13 (structural): A later, deliberately parallel test by Joseph: the discovery of a planted object (the silver cup) in a brother's sack leads to accusation and fear. Mirrors the motif of searching sacks and finding incriminating items.
  • Genesis 37:31-35 (thematic): Earlier episode where the brothers present Joseph's bloodied coat as evidence and Jacob reacts with grief/fear. Parallel theme of found/introduced 'evidence' provoking parental alarm.
  • Matthew 27:3-5 (allusion): In the New Testament Judas returns the thirty pieces of silver and experiences remorse/fear; money as tangible proof of guilt and a cause of dread links to the Genesis scene's moral and emotional dynamics.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And it happened, as they were emptying their sacks, that behold, each man's bundle of money was in his sack; and they and their father saw their bundles of money, and they were afraid.
  • And it came to pass as they were emptying their sacks, that, behold, each man’s bundle of money was in his sack; and they saw their bundles of money, they and their father, and they were afraid.
36 And Jacob their father said to them, You have bereaved me; Joseph is no more, and Simeon is no more, and Benjamin you would take—upon me are all these.

Gen.42.36 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר אלהם יעקב אביהם אתי שכלתם יוסף איננו ושמעון איננו ואת־ בנימן תקחו עלי היו כלנה׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • אלהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
  • יעקב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
  • אביהם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,pl
  • אתי: PRON,1,sg
  • שכלתם: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,pl
  • יוסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • איננו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl,neg
  • ושמעון: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • איננו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl,neg
  • ואת: CONJ
  • בנימן: NOUN,m,sg,proper
  • תקחו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
  • עלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
  • היו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
  • כלנה: NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,2,m,pl

Parallels

  • Gen.37.34-35 (verbal): Jacob's earlier mourning for Joseph — language and grief echo here ('Joseph is not'); both passages show Jacob's refusal/ inability to be comforted over loss of Joseph.
  • Gen.42.38 (structural): Immediate narrative parallel in the same scene: Jacob refuses to send Benjamin with his sons, explicitly because he fears losing his last remaining son, amplifying the complaint of 42:36.
  • Gen.44.30-34 (thematic): Judah's plea to Jacob after the revelation that Benjamin may be detained — repeats the theme of a father fearing the loss of his remaining son and articulates the same consequence ('then shall ye bring down my gray hairs with sorrow to the grave').
  • Job 3:25 (allusion): General lament-theme: 'the thing I feared is come upon me' resonates with Jacob's sense that calamity has accumulated against him ('all these things are against me').

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Jacob their father said to them, You have bereaved me: Joseph is no more, and Simeon is no more, and Benjamin you would take—upon me are all these things!
  • And Jacob their father said to them, You have bereaved me: Joseph is no more, and Simeon is no more, and Benjamin you would take. All of this has come upon me.
37 And Reuben said to his father, saying, My two sons you may put to death if I do not bring him back to you; put him into my hand, and I will bring him back to you.

Gen.42.37 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר ראובן אל־ אביו לאמר את־ שני בני תמית אם־ לא אביאנו אליך תנה אתו על־ ידי ואני אשיבנו אליך׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • ראובן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • אל: NEG
  • אביו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
  • לאמר: INF,qal,infc
  • את: PRT,acc
  • שני: NUM,m,pl,construct
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • תמית: VERB,qal,imf,2,m,sg
  • אם: CONJ
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • אביאנו: VERB,qal,imf,1,m,sg,suf:3,m,pl
  • אליך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg
  • תנה: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
  • אתו: PRON,3,m,sg,acc
  • על: PREP
  • ידי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
  • ואני: PRON,1,sg
  • אשיבנו: VERB,hiph,imf,1,m,sg,suf:3,m,sg
  • אליך: PREP+PRON,2,m,sg

Parallels

  • Genesis 43:9 (verbal): Reuben repeats essentially the same promise to Jacob in the next chapter—if he does not bring Benjamin back he will bear the blame—using near-identical pledge language.
  • Genesis 37:21-22 (thematic): Earlier Reuben intervened to save Joseph from being killed and intended to return him to his father ('I will bring him to his father'), a parallel act of protecting and restoring a brother to Jacob.
  • Genesis 44:32-33 (thematic): Judah later offers himself as surety for Benjamin ('I became surety for the lad unto my father'), a similar kinship-pledge guaranteeing a brother’s safety and return.
  • Genesis 42:38 (structural): The immediate narrative response: Jacob refuses to send Benjamin, showing the very problem Reuben’s pledge aims to solve and highlighting the tension within the family.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And Reuben said to his father, saying, Put my two sons to death if I do not bring him back to you; put him into my hand, and I will bring him back to you.
  • And Reuben said to his father, saying, You may put my two sons to death if I do not bring him back to you; put him into my hand, and I will return him to you.
38 And he said, My son shall not go down with you; for his brother is dead, and he alone is left. Should harm befall him on the way in which you go, then you will bring down my gray head in sorrow to Sheol.

Gen.42.38 - Details

Original Text

ויאמר לא־ ירד בני עמכם כי־ אחיו מת והוא לבדו נשאר וקראהו אסון בדרך אשר תלכו־ בה והורדתם את־ שיבתי ביגון שאולה׃

Morphology

  • ויאמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • לא: PART_NEG
  • ירד: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
  • בני: NOUN,m,pl,construct
  • עמכם: PREP+PRON,2,pl
  • כי: CONJ
  • אחיו: NOUN,3,m,sg,abs
  • מת: ADJ,m,sg
  • והוא: CONJ+PRON,3,m,sg
  • לבדו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
  • נשאר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
  • וקראהו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl+PRON,3,m,sg
  • אסון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • בדרך: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
  • אשר: PRON,rel
  • תלכו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
  • בה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
  • והורדתם: VERB,hif,impf,2,m,pl
  • את: PRT,acc
  • שיבתי: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,1,sg
  • ביגון: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
  • שאולה: NOUN,f,sg,abs

Parallels

  • Gen.44:29-31 (verbal): Nearly identical language and concern — Jacob again refuses to send Benjamin, fearing the loss of his only remaining son and that his gray hairs will be brought down with sorrow to Sheol.
  • Gen.37:34-35 (thematic): Jacob’s earlier mourning for Joseph (’I will go down into the grave to my son mourning’) provides the background for his present fear of losing another son and explains the depth of his grief.
  • Gen.43:8-10 (structural): Judah’s appeal to the brothers about bringing Benjamin and his recognition of Jacob’s reluctance shows the brothers’ awareness of Jacob’s fear and sets up the negotiation over the youngest son.
  • Gen.44:33-34 (thematic): Judah’s subsequent offer to be surety for Benjamin (willing to remain in Egypt) directly responds to Jacob’s stated fear of losing his sole remaining son and aims to avert bringing sorrow on Jacob’s old age.

Alternative generated candidates

  • And he said, My son will not go down with you, for his brother is dead and he alone is left; and if harm befalls him on the way in which you go, you will bring down my gray head with sorrow to Sheol.
  • And he said, My son shall not go down with you, for his brother is dead and he alone is left; if harm befall him on the way you go, then you will bring down my gray head with sorrow to Sheol.

And Jacob saw that there was grain in Egypt; and Jacob said to his sons, Why do you look at one another? And he said, Look, I have heard that there is grain in Egypt; go down there and buy for us from there, that we may live and not die.

Then ten of Joseph’s brothers went down to buy grain from Egypt. But Benjamin, Joseph’s brother, Jacob did not send with his brothers, for he said, Lest harm befall him. And the sons of Israel came to buy among those who came, for the famine was in the land of Canaan. Now Joseph was the ruler over the land; he was the one who sold grain to all the people of the land. And Joseph’s brothers came and bowed down to him, faces to the ground. And Joseph saw his brothers and recognized them, but he made himself a stranger to them and spoke with them harshly. And he said to them, From where have you come? And they said, From the land of Canaan to buy food. And Joseph recognized his brothers, but they did not recognize him. And Joseph remembered the dreams that he had dreamed about them, and he said to them, You are spies; to see the land’s nakedness you have come. And they said to him, No, my lord; your servants have come to buy food.

We all are sons of one man; we are honest; your servants are not spies. And he said to them, No; to see the land’s nakedness you have come. And they said, Your servants are twelve brothers, we are sons of one man in the land of Canaan; and behold, the youngest is with our father today, and the one is no more. And Joseph said to them, It is as I spoke to you: You are spies.

By this you shall be tested: By Pharaoh’s life, you shall not go out from here unless your youngest brother comes here.

Send one of you, and let him fetch your brother; and you, be confined, and let your words be tested whether truth is with you; and if not—by Pharaoh’s life—you are spies. And he put them together in custody for three days. And Joseph said to them on the third day, Do this and live; I fear God.

If you are honest, let one of your brothers be confined in your prison-house; and you, go, bring grain for the hunger of your households. And bring your youngest brother to me, so your words will be confirmed, and you shall not die. And they did so.

Then they said each to his brother, Indeed we are guilty concerning our brother, in that we saw the distress of his soul when he pleaded with us, and we did not listen; therefore this distress has come upon us. And Reuben answered them, saying, Did I not say to you, Do not sin against the boy? But you did not listen; and now, behold, his blood is being required. And they did not know that Joseph understood, for the interpreter was between them. And he turned away from them and wept; then he returned to them and spoke to them, and he took Simeon from them and bound him before their eyes.

Then Joseph commanded, and they filled their vessels with grain, and to restore each man’s silver to his sack, and to give them provisions for the road; and he did so for them. And they loaded their grain onto their donkeys and went from there. And one of them opened his sack to give fodder to his donkey at the lodging place, and he saw his silver, and behold, it was in the mouth of his sack. And he said to his brothers, My silver has been returned, and moreover, here it is in my sack. Then their hearts failed them, and they trembled, each to his brother, saying, What is this that God has done to us? And they came to Jacob their father, to the land of Canaan, and they told him all that had happened to them, saying:

The man, the lord of the land, spoke with us harshly and accounted us as spies of the land. And we said to him, We are honest; we have not been spies.

Twelve we are, brothers, sons of our father; the one is no more, and the youngest is today with our father in the land of Canaan. And the man, the lord of the land, said to us, By this I shall know that you are honest: leave one of your brothers with me, and take grain for the hunger of your households, and go. And bring your youngest brother to me; then I shall know that you are not spies, but that you are honest; I will give your brother to you, and you may trade in the land. And it happened as they were emptying their sacks that, behold, each man’s bundle of silver was in his sack; and they and their father saw the bundles of their silver, and they were afraid. And Jacob their father said to them, You have bereaved me; Joseph is no more, and Simeon is no more, and Benjamin you would take—upon me are all these. And Reuben said to his father, saying, My two sons you may put to death if I do not bring him back to you; put him into my hand, and I will bring him back to you. And he said, My son shall not go down with you; for his brother is dead, and he alone is left. Should harm befall him on the way in which you go, then you will bring down my gray head in sorrow to Sheol.