Peter Denies Jesus Three Times
John 18:25-27
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John.18.25 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Ην: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- δε: CONJ
- Σιμων: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- Πετρος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- εστως: PART,perf,act,nom,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- θερμαινομενος: VERB,pres,mid,part,nom,sg,m
- ειπον: VERB,aor,act,ind,1,sg
- ουν: CONJ
- αυτω·Μη: PRON,dat,sg,m+PART
- και: CONJ
- συ: PRON,nom,sg,2
- εκ: PREP
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- μαθητων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
- αυτου: PRON,gen,sg,m
- ει: VERB,pres,act,ind,2,sg
- ηρνησατο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,sg
- εκεινος: PRON,nom,sg,m
- και: CONJ
- ειπεν·Ουκ: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- ειμι: VERB,pres,act,ind,1,sg
Parallels
- Matthew 26:69-75 (verbal): Matthew's account of Peter's denial: a servant girl and bystanders challenge Peter, who denies knowing Jesus three times and then weeps—parallel narrative and wording to John 18:25.
- Mark 14:66-72 (verbal): Mark gives the most detailed portrayal of Peter warming himself, being accused, denying Jesus three times, and the rooster crowing—closely parallels John 18:25 and the surrounding scene.
- Luke 22:54-62 (verbal): Luke's version of Peter's threefold denial and subsequent repentance; parallels the basic episode recorded in John 18:25.
- John 13:38 (allusion): Earlier in John's Gospel Jesus predicts Peter's denial ('before the rooster crows you will deny me'), which John 18:25 fulfills; the verse echoes that prior prediction.
Alternative generated candidates
- Simon Peter was standing and warming himself. They said to him, "You are not also one of that man's disciples, are you?" He denied it and said, "I am not."
- Now Simon Peter was standing and warming himself. They said to him, You are not also one of his disciples, are you? He denied it and said, I am not.
John.18.26 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- λεγει: VERB,pres,act,ind,3,sg
- εις: PREP
- εκ: PREP
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- δουλων: NOUN,gen,pl,m
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- αρχιερεως: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- συγγενης: ADJ,nom,sg,m
- ων: PRON,gen,pl,m
- ου: PART,neg
- απεκοψεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- Πετρος: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- ωτιον·Ουκ: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- εγω: PRON,nom,sg,1
- σε: PRON,acc,sg,2
- ειδον: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- εν: PREP
- τω: ART,dat,sg,m
- κηπω: NOUN,dat,sg,m
- μετ᾽αυτου: PREP+PRON,gen,sg,m
Parallels
- John 18:10 (verbal): Directly connected narrative: this verse names Simon Peter and describes him cutting off the high priest's servant's ear (identifies the incident referenced in 18:26).
- John 18:17 (verbal): Same Johannine arrest scene: a maidservant questions Peter in the courtyard ('You also were with Jesus of Galilee?'), providing the immediate context for the later identification in 18:26.
- Luke 22:50-51 (verbal): Synoptic parallel that recounts a disciple (Peter) cutting off the ear of the high priest's servant (named Malchus in Luke) and Jesus healing the ear, paralleling the ear-cutting episode mentioned here.
- Matthew 26:51-52 (verbal): Synoptic account of a disciple striking the servant of the high priest and Jesus' rebuke ('Put your sword back'), paralleling the same violent action attributed to Peter.
- Mark 14:66-68 (thematic): Parallel motif of identification and denial in the courtyard: a servant girl recognizes/identifies Peter, prompting his subsequent denials, thematically linked to the questioning in John 18:26.
Alternative generated candidates
- One of the servants of the high priest, a relative of the man whose ear Peter had cut off, said, "Did I not see you in the garden with him?"
- One of the servants of the high priest, a relative of the man whose ear Peter had cut off, said, Did I not see you in the garden with him?
John.18.27 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- παλιν: ADV
- ουν: CONJ
- ηρνησατο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,sg
- Πετρος·και: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- ευθεως: ADV
- αλεκτωρ: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- εφωνησεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
Parallels
- Matthew 26:74-75 (verbal): Matthew records Peter's third denial immediately followed by the rooster crowing and Peter's bitter weeping, closely paralleling John's brief report.
- Mark 14:72 (verbal): Mark gives a close verbal parallel: Peter denies three times, the rooster crows immediately, and Peter breaks down — the same sequence as John 18:27.
- Luke 22:60-62 (thematic): Luke narrates Peter's third denial and the rooster's crowing, adding Jesus' look that prompts Peter's repentance and weeping — thematically parallel to John's account.
- John 13:38 (quotation): Earlier in John Jesus predicts Peter will deny him before the rooster crows; John 18:27 fulfills this predictive statement within the same Gospel.
Alternative generated candidates
- Then Peter denied again; and immediately a rooster crowed.
- Again Peter denied it; and immediately the rooster crowed.
Now Simon Peter was standing and warming himself. They said to him, 'You are not also one of his disciples, are you?' He denied it and said, 'I am not.'
One of the servants of the high priest, a relative of the man whose ear Peter had cut off, said, 'Did I not see you in the garden with him?'
Again Peter denied it; and immediately the rooster crowed.