The Plot to Kill Jesus and Judas' Agreement
Luke 22:1-6
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Luke.22.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Ηγγιζεν: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- δε: CONJ
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- εορτη: NOUN,dat,sg,f
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- αζυμων: NOUN,gen,pl,n
- η: ART,nom,sg,f
- λεγομενη: VERB,pres,mid/pass,part,nom,sg,f
- Πασχα: NOUN,nom,sg,n
Parallels
- Matthew 26:17 (verbal): Synoptic parallel that likewise places Jesus’ final meal in the context of the Feast of Unleavened Bread/Passover and sets the timetable for the Passion events.
- Mark 14:1-2, 14:12 (verbal): Mark provides the same chronological notice about the approaching Passover/Feast and the preparations for the meal, paralleling Luke’s temporal framing.
- John 13:1 (structural): John also situates Jesus’ final discourse and meal immediately before the Passover, echoing the timing though with different theological emphasis.
- Exodus 12:1-14 (allusion): The institution narrative of the Passover and Unleavened Bread supplies the historical and ritual background for Luke’s reference to the feast.
- 1 Corinthians 5:7-8 (thematic): Paul applies Passover imagery to Christ (the Passover lamb) and urges believers to live as 'unleavened'—a theological reflection on the festival’s meaning relevant to Luke’s mention of the feast.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the feast of Unleavened Bread drew near, which is called the Passover.
- Now the Feast of Unleavened Bread, which is called the Passover, was drawing near.
Luke.22.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- εζητουν: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,pl
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- αρχιερεις: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- και: CONJ
- οι: ART,nom,pl,m
- γραμματεις: NOUN,nom,pl,m
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- πως: ADV
- ανελωσιν: VERB,aor,act,subj,3,pl
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- εφοβουντο: VERB,impf,mid,ind,3,pl
- γαρ: PART
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- λαον: NOUN,acc,sg,m
Parallels
- Mark 14:1-2 (verbal): Same plot and very close wording: chief priests and scribes seek a way to arrest and kill Jesus; mirrors Luke’s description of their intent and caution about the crowd.
- Matthew 26:3-4 (verbal): Parallel scene of the chief priests and elders meeting to plot Jesus’ death; language and purpose closely align with Luke’s account.
- Luke 20:19-20 (verbal): Earlier Lukan scene where Jewish leaders watch Jesus and send spies because they fear the people—reiterates the motif of authorities’ fear of popular opinion.
- Mark 3:6 (thematic): Pharisees conspire with the Herodians to destroy Jesus—another Gospel example of religious leaders plotting his death (though without explicit mention of fear of the crowd).
- John 11:47-53 (thematic): The council (chief priests and Pharisees) conclude that Jesus must die to protect the nation’s standing with Rome; parallels the council’s decision to eliminate Jesus and reveals motives behind the plot.
Alternative generated candidates
- And the chief priests and the scribes were seeking how to put him to death; for they feared the people.
- And the chief priests and the scribes were seeking how to put him to death; for they feared the people.
Luke.22.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- Εισηλθεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- δε: CONJ
- Σατανας: NOUN,nom,sg,m
- εις: PREP
- Ιουδαν: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- τον: ART,acc,sg,m
- καλουμενον: PART,pres,pass,acc,sg,m
- Ισκαριωτην: NOUN,acc,sg,m
- οντα: PART,pres,act,acc,sg,m
- εκ: PREP
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- αριθμου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- των: ART,gen,pl,m
- δωδεκα·: NUM,gen,pl,m
Parallels
- John 13:27 (verbal): Direct parallel wording: John explicitly states ‘Satan entered into him’ after Jesus gave Judas the sop, matching Luke’s report that Satan entered Judas.
- John 13:2 (allusion): John 13:2 says the devil had already put into the heart of Judas to betray Jesus—an earlier description of the same influence Luke attributes to Satan entering Judas.
- Matthew 26:14-16 (structural): Narrative parallel: Matthew recounts Judas arranging to betray Jesus to the chief priests, the subsequent act that Luke links to Satan’s entry.
- Mark 14:10-11 (structural): Mark’s account parallels the plot and action of Judas going to the chief priests to betray Jesus, corresponding to Luke’s identification of Judas as the one Satan entered.
- Matthew 27:3-5 (thematic): Thematic parallel showing the outcome of Judas’s betrayal (remorse and death); Luke’s note that Satan entered Judas frames the motive/background for this tragic aftermath.
Alternative generated candidates
- Then Satan entered into Judas who was called Iscariot, and he was one of the twelve.
- Then Satan entered into Judas who was called Iscariot, who was of the number of the twelve.
Luke.22.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- απελθων: VERB,aor,act,ptc,nom,m,sg
- συνελαλησεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- τοις: ART,dat,pl,n
- αρχιερευσιν: NOUN,dat,pl,m
- και: CONJ
- στρατηγοις: NOUN,dat,pl,m
- το: ART,acc,sg,n
- πως: ADV
- αυτοις: PRO,dat,pl,3
- παραδω: VERB,fut,act,ind,3,pl
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
Parallels
- Matthew 26:14-16 (verbal): Direct synoptic parallel: Judas agrees with the chief priests to betray Jesus and negotiates the terms (30 pieces of silver).
- Mark 14:10-11 (verbal): Synoptic parallel: Judas bargains with the chief priests and then seeks an opportunity to betray Jesus, closely matching Luke's account.
- John 13:21-30 (thematic): Johannine portrayal of Judas' betrayal: Jesus indicates a betrayer, Satan enters Judas, and Judas departs to carry out the betrayal (emphasis on his leaving to conspire).
- Luke 22:3 (structural): Immediate Lukan context: Luke explicitly states that Satan entered Judas, providing the theological motive immediately prior to his conspiring with the chief priests in 22:4.
- Acts 1:16-20 (allusion): Early Christian reflection on Judas' betrayal: Peter recounts Judas' turned action as fulfillment of Scripture and links it to Judas' betrayal and subsequent fate.
Alternative generated candidates
- He went away and conferred with the chief priests and the officers about how he might betray him to them.
- He went away and conferred with the chief priests and the officers about how he might betray him to them.
Luke.22.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- εχαρησαν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,pl
- και: CONJ
- συνεθεντο: VERB,aor,mid,ind,3,pl
- αυτω: PRON,dat,sg,m
- αργυριον: NOUN,acc,sg,n
- δουναι: VERB,aor,act,inf
Parallels
- Matthew 26:14-16 (verbal): Parallel account: Judas agrees with the chief priests to betray Jesus and is promised payment (thirty pieces of silver).
- Mark 14:10-11 (verbal): Synoptic parallel: Judas bargains with the chief priests and officers and seeks to betray Jesus in exchange for money.
- John 12:4-6 (thematic): Identifies Judas as keeper of the money bag and describes his love of money/theft, providing motive for accepting payment to betray Jesus.
- Zechariah 11:12-13 (allusion): Prophetic background (thirty pieces of silver, thrown to the potter) that New Testament writers and interpreters associate with the payment to Judas.
- Acts 1:16-20 (thematic): Early Christian reflection on Judas' betrayal and its aftermath (the purchase of a field and his death), tying the act of betrayal to the payment he received.
Alternative generated candidates
- And they were glad and agreed to give him money.
- And they were glad and agreed to give him money.
Luke.22.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- και: CONJ
- εξωμολογησεν: VERB,aor,act,ind,3,sg
- και: CONJ
- εζητει: VERB,impf,act,ind,3,sg
- ευκαιριαν: NOUN,acc,sg,f
- του: ART,gen,sg,n
- παραδουναι: VERB,pres,act,inf
- αυτον: PRON,acc,sg,m
- ατερ: PREP
- οχλου: NOUN,gen,sg,m
- αυτοις: PRO,dat,pl,3
Parallels
- Matthew 26:14-16 (verbal): Parallel account of Judas agreeing with the chief priests to betray Jesus and seeking to hand him over for money; closely matches Luke’s report of arranging the betrayal.
- Mark 14:10-11 (verbal): Mark gives the same narrative: Judas goes to the chief priests, bargains to betray Jesus, and looks for an opportunity—directly parallel to Luke 22:6.
- John 13:27-30 (thematic): John narrates Judas’s departure after Satan enters him and his immediate action to betray Jesus (taking the morsel and going out), thematically paralleling Luke’s note that he sought an opportunity to deliver Jesus.
- Luke 22:4-5 (structural): Immediate context in Luke: Satan enters Judas and he consults with the chief priests and officers about betraying Jesus—Luke 22:6 continues this same scene and action.
- Acts 1:16-20 (thematic): Peter’s sermon reflects on Judas’s role in betraying Jesus and his fate; Acts treats the betrayal as fulfillment and consequence of Judas’s actions, thematically linked to Luke’s account of the arranged betrayal.
Alternative generated candidates
- So he consented, and sought an opportunity to betray him to them away from the crowd.
- So he consented, and he sought an opportunity to betray him to them apart from the crowd.
Now the Feast of Unleavened Bread, which is called the Passover, was drawing near. And the chief priests and the scribes were seeking how to put him to death, for they feared the people.
Then Satan entered into Judas called Iscariot, who was one of the twelve.
He went away and conferred with the chief priests and the officers about how he might betray him to them.
They were glad, and agreed to give him money. So he consented, and sought an opportunity to betray him to them when there was no crowd.