Psalms 110–118
Psalm 110:1-118:29
Psa.110.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לדוד: PREP+NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מזמור: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נאם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- לאדני: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,m,poss1s
- שב: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- לימיני: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+SFX:1cs
- עד: PREP
- אשית: VERB,qal,impf,1,sg
- איביך: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- הדם: NOUN,m,sg,abs,def
- לרגליך: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs+SFX:2ms
Parallels
- Matthew 22:41-46 (quotation): Jesus cites Ps 110:1 to challenge the Pharisees, asking how David can call someone's lord 'my Lord'—using the verse to argue for the Messiah's greater status.
- Mark 12:35-37 (quotation): Parallel to Matthew: Jesus quotes Ps 110:1 to show that the Messiah is both David's son and his Lord, thereby drawing on the psalm's language of lordship and divine seating.
- Luke 20:41-44 (quotation): Luke's account of the same disputation preserves the citation of Ps 110:1, emphasizing the perplexity of the Pharisees over David calling the Messiah 'Lord.'
- Acts 2:34-35 (quotation): Peter at Pentecost explicitly quotes Ps 110:1 to demonstrate that David foresaw the exaltation of the Messiah, who sits at God's right hand until enemies are made a footstool.
- Hebrews 1:13 (quotation): The author of Hebrews applies Ps 110:1 directly to the Son, using the verse to argue for Christ's eternal rule at God's right hand and his superiority over angels.
Alternative generated candidates
- The LORD says to my lord: “Sit at my right hand until I make your enemies your footstool.”
- A Psalm of David. The LORD says to my lord: "Sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet."
Psa.110.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- מטה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עזך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+2fs
- ישלח: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מציון: PREP+NOUN,prop,sg,abs
- רדה: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,sg
- בקרב: PREP
- איביך: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Ps.2:6-9 (verbal): Both passages place the king on Zion and link his rule with a scepter/rod and the crushing of enemies (shared royal imagery and language of dominion).
- Ps.72:8 (thematic): Expresses the king's universal dominion and rule over enemies (‘from sea to sea’), echoing the theme of sovereign authority exercised over foes.
- Isa.9:6-7 (thematic): Portrays a messianic ruler whose government and authority endure—paralleling Psalm 110:2’s emphasis on divinely sanctioned, enduring rule over adversaries.
- Mic.5:4 (allusion): Describes the coming ruler who will shepherd and rule in the strength/majesty of the LORD, resonating with Psalm 110’s messianic king who rules amid enemies by Yahweh’s power.
- Rev.2:27 (verbal): Uses the image of ruling with a rod of iron to depict sovereign authority over nations—an explicit New Testament echo of the Old Testament motif connecting kingly rule and domination of enemies found in Psalm 110 (and Ps 2).
Alternative generated candidates
- From Zion the LORD will send forth your mighty scepter; rule in the midst of your foes.
- The LORD will send forth the scepter of your power from Zion: "Rule in the midst of your enemies."
Psa.110.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- עמך: NOUN,m,sg,suff-2m
- נדבת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- ביום: PREP
- חילך: NOUN,m,sg,abs,suff:2ms
- בהדרי: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- קדש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מרחם: VERB,piel,ptc,3,m,sg
- משחר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לך: PRON,2,m,sg
- טל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ילדתיך: VERB,qal,perf,1,?,sg+obj:2,m,sg
Parallels
- Judges 5:2 (verbal): Deborah’s line 'When leaders lead in Israel, when the people willingly offer themselves' closely parallels the psalm’s image of the people offering themselves (עמך נדבת) on the day of battle.
- Romans 12:1 (verbal): Paul’s appeal to 'offer your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable' echoes the idea of voluntarily offering oneself in holiness found in Psalm 110:3.
- Revelation 19:14 (thematic): The 'armies of heaven, clothed in fine linen' who follow the rider parallel the psalm’s 'in holy array' motif of a sanctified, arrayed host accompanying the ruler.
- Isaiah 60:4–5 (thematic): Isaiah’s vision of peoples and kings coming in splendour and bringing honor parallels the psalm’s theme of nations/people arrayed and presenting themselves to the king in glory.
Alternative generated candidates
- Your people will offer themselves willingly on the day of your power; arrayed in the beauties of holiness—from the womb of the dawn your young men are like the dew of your birth.
- Your people will volunteer in the day of your power; in holy array— from the womb of the dawn your youthful dew will be yours.
Psa.110.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- נשבע: VERB,niphal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ולא: CONJ
- ינחם: VERB,niphal,impf,3,m,sg
- אתה: PRON,2,m,sg
- כהן: NOUN,m,sg,const
- לעולם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- על: PREP
- דברתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,c,sg
- מלכי: NOUN,pl,m,cons
- צדק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Hebrews 5:6 (quotation): Directly cites Psalm 110:4 ('You are a priest forever, after the order of Melchizedek') to apply the psalmic priesthood to Jesus.
- Hebrews 7:17 (quotation): Repeats the formulaic citation of Psalm 110:4 to argue that Jesus is a priest forever according to the order of Melchizedek, contrasting with the Aaronic priesthood.
- Hebrews 7:21 (verbal): Echoes the opening clause of Ps.110:4 ('The Lord swore and will not change his mind') to support the irrevocable divine oath establishing the eternal priesthood.
- Genesis 14:18 (allusion): Introduces Melchizedek as 'king of Salem' and 'priest of God Most High,' the mysterious priest-king figure whom Psalm 110 invokes as the pattern for an eternal priesthood.
- Psalm 110:1 (structural): Within the same psalm, v.1 establishes the royal enthronement ('Sit at my right hand'), providing the kingly context that Psalm 110:4 then combines with priestly language.
Alternative generated candidates
- The LORD has sworn and will not change his mind: “You are a priest forever, after the order of Melchizedek.”
- The LORD has sworn and will not change his mind: "You are a priest forever according to the order of Melchizedek."
Psa.110.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אדני: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1,sg
- על: PREP
- ימינך: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,2,m,sg
- מחץ: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ביום: PREP
- אפו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,suff3ms
- מלכים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 2:9 (thematic): Both depict the divine/royal agent crushing or breaking rulers/enemies as part of messianic rule (Ps 110:5's 'crush kings' parallels Ps 2:9's 'break them with a rod of iron').
- Exodus 15:6 (verbal): The victory language centered on the LORD's/right hand's destructive power—'Your right hand, O LORD, glorious in power...shatters the enemy' echoes Ps 110:5's 'The LORD at your right hand...crush kings.'
- Deuteronomy 32:41 (thematic): God's vindication and direct execution of judgment—'I will take vengeance...I will repay'—parallels the imagery of decisive divine action against kings in Ps 110:5.
- Isaiah 63:3 (verbal): The prophet's image of trampling/enacting wrath—'I trod them in my anger...I stained my garments'—resonates with Ps 110:5's motif of crushing enemies in the day of wrath.
- Habakkuk 3:13 (thematic): A theophanic victory scene where God (or his anointed) 'crushes the head of the wicked,' paralleling Ps 110:5's portrayal of crushing kings in wrath.
Alternative generated candidates
- The LORD is at your right hand; he will crush kings on the day of his wrath.
- The LORD is at your right hand; he will crush kings in the day of his wrath.
Psa.110.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ידין: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- בגוים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- מלא: ADJ,m,sg
- גויות: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- מחץ: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ראש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- על: PREP
- ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- רבה: ADJ,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 149:6-9 (thematic): Both passages depict God’s people or the deity executing divine vengeance on the nations, binding/killing their leaders and carrying out violent judgment on foreign kings.
- Psalm 2:8-9 (verbal): Shared imagery of sovereign rule and violent overthrow of foes—'break them with a rod of iron' / 'dash in pieces' echoes Psalm 110’s language of crushing chiefs and striking the nations.
- Isaiah 63:1-6 (thematic): Divine warrior motif: the LORD as avenger who tramples enemies and is stained with the blood of the slain, paralleling the graphic language of filling the nations with corpses.
- Daniel 7:13-14, 22, 27 (thematic): The Son of Man receives universal dominion and executes judgment over all peoples; like Ps.110:6 this envisions sovereign rule that brings judgment upon the nations.
- Revelation 19:15,21 (structural): Eschatological fulfillment motif: the heavenly warrior-king strikes the nations, treads the winepress of God's wrath and many are slain—echoing Ps.110:6’s picture of slaughtered nations and fallen rulers.
Alternative generated candidates
- He will judge among the nations; he will fill the lands with slain; he will crush chiefs over the wide earth.
- He will execute judgment among the nations; he will fill the places with corpses and crush the chiefs over a wide land.
Psa.110.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- מנחל: PREP
- בדרך: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ישתה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- על: PREP
- כן: ADV
- ירים: VERB,qal,yiqtol,3,m,sg
- ראש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 23:2-5 (thematic): Uses water imagery of being led to 'still waters' and connects divine refreshment with restoration and honor (in v.5 the anointing of the head), paralleling 'drink of the brook... therefore shall he lift up the head.'
- Psalm 42:1-2 (thematic): The simile 'As the hart panteth after the water-brooks' expresses longing for water as spiritual refreshment, echoing the brook/drinking motif of Ps 110:7.
- Psalm 3:3 (verbal): Contains the phrase 'the LORD... the lifter up of mine head,' a close verbal and conceptual parallel to 'therefore shall he lift up the head' (shared motif of divine vindication/exaltation).
- Isaiah 55:1 (thematic): Calls the thirsty to 'come to the waters' and be satisfied; thematically linked to God as provider of water/refreshment that results in restoration and exaltation like Ps 110:7.
Alternative generated candidates
- He will drink from the brook along the way; therefore he will lift up his head.
- He will drink from the brook along the way; therefore he will lift up his head.
Psa.111.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- הללו: VERB,piel,impv,2,m,pl
- יה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אודה: VERB,qal,impf,1,c,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בכל: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לבב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בסוד: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ישרים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- ועדה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 112:1 (structural): Psalm 111 and 112 form a paired unit; both open with praise (הללו/הללויה) and move from praise of God to focus on the upright/faithful—parallel opening and corporate-praise structure.
- Psalm 22:22 (verbal): “In the midst of the congregation I will praise you” (22:22) echoes 111:1’s expression of giving thanks in the assembly—shared language of public, communal praise.
- Psalm 26:12 (verbal): “In the great congregation I will bless the LORD” parallels 111:1’s reference to praising/thanksgiving within the assembly of the righteous (similar phrasing and setting).
- Psalm 92:1 (thematic): “It is good to give thanks to the LORD” (92:1) mirrors 111:1’s commitment to give thanks with the whole heart—both emphasize thankful worship as fitting and proper.
- Psalm 150:6 (thematic): “Let everything that has breath praise the LORD. Hallelujah.” (150:6) Resonates with 111:1’s call to praise and communal acclamation—bookending the Psalter’s emphasis on universal and communal praise.
Alternative generated candidates
- Hallelujah! I will give thanks to the LORD with my whole heart, in the company of the upright and in the congregation.
- Praise the LORD. I will give thanks to the LORD with my whole heart, in the council of the upright and in the congregation.
Psa.111.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- גדלים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- מעשי: NOUN,m,pl,const
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- דרושים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- לכל: PREP
- חפציהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3mp
Parallels
- Ps.111.4 (verbal): Immediate parallel within the same psalm: verse 2 declares the LORD’s works are great and sought out, and v.4 says he has made his wonderful works to be remembered—same theme and similar language about God’s wondrous works.
- Ps.145:4-6 (thematic): Both passages stress recounting and praising God’s mighty deeds across generations and declaring his awesome works and splendour to others.
- Ps.105:2-5 (thematic): Calls hearers to seek the LORD, remember and proclaim his wondrous works and miracles—parallels the idea that God’s great works are to be sought out and treasured by those who delight in them.
- Ps.78:4 (thematic): Speaks of telling coming generations about the glorious deeds and wonders of the LORD so they will put their hope in God—echoes the emphasis on God’s great, memorable works.
- Job 5:9 (verbal): Job 5:9 speaks of God doing great and unsearchable things and wonders without number, a close verbal and thematic parallel to the declaration that the LORD’s works are great and worthy of being sought out.
Alternative generated candidates
- Great are the works of the LORD—sought out by all who delight in them.
- Great are the works of the LORD, sought out by all who delight in them.
Psa.111.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- הוד: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- והדר: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- פעלו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- וצדקתו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,prsfx=3,m,sg
- עמדת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- לעד: ADV
Parallels
- Ps.145:17 (verbal): Affirms God's righteousness as central to his being and action ('The LORD is righteous in all his ways'), echoing 'his righteousness stands forever.'
- Ps.119:142 (verbal): Declares 'Your righteousness is an everlasting righteousness,' closely paralleling the language of enduring righteousness (צדקתו עמדת לעד).
- Ps.104:31 (thematic): Prays that 'the glory of the LORD endure forever' and celebrates God's works—paralleling the Psalm 111 emphasis on the glory/majesty of God's deeds and their lasting character.
- Ps.145:5-6 (thematic): Speaks of proclaiming the glory and majesty of God's kingdom and the might of his works, thematically mirroring 'glory and majesty are his works.'
Alternative generated candidates
- Splendor and majesty are his work; his righteousness endures forever.
- His work is majestic and glorious; his righteousness endures forever.
Psa.111.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- זכר: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- לנפלאתיו: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,const+3,m,sg
- חנון: ADJ,m,sg
- ורחום: CONJ+ADJ,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Exodus 34:6 (quotation): Gives the classic divine self‑description 'The LORD, the LORD...merciful and gracious' (Heb. חנון ורחום) that Psalms echo; Ps.111's affirmation of God's mercy/compassion echoes this revelation.
- Psalm 103:8 (verbal): Uses the same attributes ('The LORD is merciful and gracious') and in the surrounding context speaks of remembering God's benefits and wondrous acts, closely paralleling Ps.111's themes.
- Psalm 86:15 (verbal): Prayer text that employs the identical language of God's mercy and grace, reinforcing the characteristic formula applied to Yahweh in Ps.111.
- Nehemiah 9:17 (allusion): In the communal confession Israel recalls God as 'ready to forgive, gracious and merciful,' echoing the Exodus formula and the theological point of Ps.111 about God's compassionate character.
- Psalm 107:8 (thematic): Calls for thanksgiving to the LORD for his steadfast love and 'wonderful works,' paralleling Ps.111.4's linking of remembered wonders with the LORD's gracious, merciful nature.
Alternative generated candidates
- He has caused his wonderful deeds to be remembered; the LORD is gracious and merciful.
- He has made known his wonderful deeds; the LORD is gracious and merciful.
Psa.111.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- טרף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- ליראיו: PREP,NOUN,m,pl,abs,3ms
- יזכר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- לעולם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בריתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 145:15-16 (verbal): Both verses state that God provides food for his creatures—'thou givest them their meat'—parallel to 'He gives food to those who fear him.'
- Psalm 105:8 (quotation): Uses the same covenantal phrase — 'He hath remembered his covenant for ever' — mirroring Psalm 111:5's 'he remembers his covenant forever.'
- Psalm 34:9-10 (thematic): Affirms that those who fear the LORD lack no good thing and will be provided for, echoing the promise that God gives food to his fearing ones.
- Psalm 103:17-18 (thematic): Links God's enduring mercy and covenant to 'those who fear him' and 'to such as keep his covenant,' combining the themes of fear, provision, and covenant memory found in Ps 111:5.
Alternative generated candidates
- He has given food to those who fear him; he will be ever mindful of his covenant.
- He gives food to those who fear him; he remembers his covenant forever.
Psa.111.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מעשיו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3,m,sg
- הגיד: VERB,hifil,perf,3,m,sg
- לעמו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- לתת: VERB,qal,inf
- להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- נחלת: NOUN,f,sg,const
- גוים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 2:8 (verbal): God or the king is promised the nations as an inheritance — “Ask of me... I will give you the nations as your inheritance,” paralleling the theme of giving the nations as a heritage.
- Deuteronomy 32:8–9 (thematic): Speaks of God apportioning the nations and his special portion being Israel; helps explain and contrast the idea of God’s people receiving the nations as an inheritance.
- Psalm 145:4–7 (thematic): Focuses on declaring God’s mighty works to succeeding generations and recounting his deeds — parallels Ps 111’s emphasis on God declaring the power of his works to his people.
- Psalm 147:19–20 (allusion): States that God declares his statutes to Jacob and not to other nations, offering a contrasting perspective on revelation and covenant that highlights why God would make his people the recipients of the nations’ heritage.
Alternative generated candidates
- He has made known to his people the power of his works, to give them the heritage of the nations.
- He has shown his people the power of his works, to give them the inheritance of the nations.
Psa.111.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- מעשי: NOUN,m,pl,const
- ידיו: NOUN,f,pl,abs,suff:3,m,sg
- אמת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ומשפט: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- נאמנים: ADJ,m,pl
- כל: DET
- פקודיו: NOUN,m,pl,suff
Parallels
- Ps.33:4 (verbal): Both assert that the word/works of the LORD are done in truth—'all his works are done in truth' parallels 'the works of his hands are faithful' and 'all his precepts trustworthy.'
- Deut.32:4 (thematic): Moses’ song: God's work is perfect and he is 'a God of truth' and just—echoes the psalm’s emphasis on the faithfulness of God's deeds and the reliability of his judgments/precepts.
- Ps.119:160 (verbal): Explicitly: 'The sum of your word is truth, and every one of your righteous ordinances endures for ever,' directly paralleling the claim that all God's precepts are trustworthy.
- Ps.19:7 (thematic): The law/testimonies of the LORD are described as perfect and sure ('the testimonies of the LORD are sure'), paralleling the psalm’s stress on the trustworthiness and faithfulness of God's commands and works.
Alternative generated candidates
- The works of his hands are truth and justice; all his precepts are faithful.
- The works of his hands are faithful and just; all his precepts are trustworthy.
Psa.111.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- סמוכים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- לעד: ADV
- לעולם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עשוים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- באמת: ADV
- וישר: CONJ+ADJ,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Ps.111.3 (verbal): Internal parallel within the psalm: both verses attribute faithfulness/truth and righteousness/justice to God's works (עבודה•אמונה ומשפט), linking God’s acts with enduring fidelity.
- Ps.119.160 (verbal): “The sum of your word is truth; and every one of your righteous ordinances is everlasting” — connects the twin ideas of divine truth and everlasting/ enduring nature of God’s ways found in Ps.111:8.
- Ps.119.90 (thematic): “Your faithfulness endures to all generations; you have established the earth” — echoes the themes of divine faithfulness, establishment, and permanence expressed in Ps.111:8.
- Ps.89.2 (verbal): “Your faithfulness is established in the heavens” (and I will sing of your steadfast love forever) — a verbal/thematic echo of God’s faithfulness being firmly established for all time.
- Lam.3.22-23 (thematic): “The steadfast love of the LORD never ceases… great is your faithfulness” — thematic parallel stressing God’s enduring faithfulness and mercy, resonant with the permanence and truth of Ps.111:8.
Alternative generated candidates
- Established forever and ever, done in faithfulness and uprightness.
- They are established forever and ever, made in truth and uprightness.
Psa.111.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- פדות: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- שלח: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- לעמו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- צוה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- לעולם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בריתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- קדוש: ADJ,m,sg
- ונורא: CONJ+ADJ,m,sg
- שמו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Genesis 17:7 (verbal): Uses the phrase/idea of an ‘everlasting covenant’—God’s promise to be God to his people across generations, echoing ‘ordained his covenant for ever.’
- Isaiah 55:3 (allusion): God’s promise of an ‘everlasting covenant’ and steadfast mercy parallels the psalm’s emphasis on a perpetual covenant given to his people.
- Psalm 99:3 (verbal): Both verses ascribe holiness and awe to God’s name (‘holy and awesome/terrible is his name’), directly echoing the psalm’s doxological close.
- Exodus 15:13 (thematic): Speaks of God leading and redeeming the people he has saved—paralleling ‘he sent redemption to his people.’
- Psalm 130:7 (thematic): Links the themes of Israel’s hope and the LORD’s redemption/mercy for his people, resonating with the psalm’s claim that God has sent redemption to his people.
Alternative generated candidates
- He has sent redemption to his people; he has commanded his covenant forever—holy and awesome is his name.
- He has sent redemption to his people; he has commanded his covenant forever—holy and awe-inspiring is his name.
Psa.111.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ראשית: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- חכמה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- יראת: NOUN,f,sg,cs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- שכל: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- טוב: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- לכל: PREP
- עשיהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3mp
- תהלתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+SUFF,3,m,sg
- עמדת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- לעד: ADV
Parallels
- Prov.9.10 (verbal): Direct verbal parallel: 'The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom' is almost identical wording, linking Psalm 111's opening line to Proverbs' definition of wisdom.
- Prov.1.7 (verbal): Closely related formulation: 'The fear of the LORD is the beginning of knowledge'—a proverb that echoes the same theological axiom about fear as the starting point for true insight.
- Job 28.28 (verbal): Job ties fear of the Lord explicitly to wisdom and pairs it with turning from evil as understanding, resonating with Psalm 111's claim that those who practice it possess good understanding.
- Ps.112.1 (thematic): Companion psalm that begins similarly ('Blessed is the man who fears the LORD') and develops the practical/ethical fruit of fearing God; both psalms form a paired meditation on fear, wisdom, blessing and enduring praise.
Alternative generated candidates
- The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom; all who practice it have good understanding. His praise endures forever.
- The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom; all who practice it have good understanding. His praise endures forever.
Psa.112.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- הללו: VERB,piel,impv,2,m,pl
- יה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אשרי: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ירא: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- במצותיו: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,cons,3,m,sg
- חפץ: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- מאד: ADV
Parallels
- Psalm 1:1-3 (thematic): Both open with the blessing/’ashrei’ motif and describe the happiness of the person who lives in right relation to God’s instruction (delighting in the law and prospering as a righteous person).
- Psalm 119:1-3 (verbal): Shares the word אַשְׁרֵי (’ashrei/blessed’) and the idea of those who keep/ delight in God’s commandments and walk in his ways; close vocabulary and theme about joy in Torah-obedience.
- Psalm 128:1 (verbal): ’אַשְׁרֵי כָּל־יְרֵא יְהוָה הֹלֵךְ בִּדְרָכָיו’ parallels ’אַשְׁרִי־אִישׁ יָרֵא אֶת־יְהוָה…’ — both pronounce blessing on those who fear the LORD and walk in his ways/commands.
- Deuteronomy 10:12 (thematic): Commands Israel to 'fear the LORD, walk in all his ways, love him, serve him' — foundational covenantal language underlying the psalm’s blessing on the God‑fearing, obedient person.
Alternative generated candidates
- Hallelujah! Blessed is the one who fears the LORD, who greatly delights in his commandments.
- Praise the LORD. Blessed is the man who fears the LORD, who greatly delights in his commandments.
Psa.112.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- גבור: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- בארץ: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,def
- יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- זרעו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- דור: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ישרים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- יברך: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Genesis 12:2-3 (thematic): God's promise to Abraham that he will become a great nation and that all families will be blessed—foundation for the idea that the righteous' seed will be numerous and blessed.
- Proverbs 20:7 (verbal): Speaks of the righteous man's blameless conduct and explicitly states that his children are blessed after him, closely echoing Ps 112:2's link between righteousness and blessed offspring.
- Psalm 128:3-4 (thematic): Describes children as a visible sign of blessing for the one who fears the LORD (wife like a fruitful vine; children like olive shoots), paralleling Ps 112:2's image of a prosperous, blessed progeny.
- Isaiah 65:23 (verbal): Speaks of a people who do not labor in vain and are 'the offspring of the blessed,' connecting the well-being of descendants with the blessed status of the faithful.
- Deuteronomy 7:13 (thematic): Part of the covenantal blessings promising multiplication and blessing of offspring for obedience, reflecting the OT link between covenant faithfulness and prosperous descendants.
Alternative generated candidates
- His offspring will be mighty in the land; the generation of the upright will be blessed.
- His offspring will be mighty in the land; the generation of the upright will be blessed.
Psa.112.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- הון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ועשר: CONJ+NUM,f,pl
- בביתו: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- וצדקתו: NOUN,m,sg,abs,prsfx=3,m,sg
- עמדת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- לעד: ADV
Parallels
- Proverbs 10:22 (verbal): Both link material blessing to the LORD's favor: 'The blessing of the LORD makes rich' echoes 'wealth and riches are in his house'—divine blessing as source of prosperity.
- Proverbs 13:22 (thematic): Speaks of the righteous leaving an inheritance to descendants—parallels the image of wealth remaining in the household of the righteous.
- Proverbs 22:4 (thematic): Connects riches and honor with 'the fear of the LORD' and humility—like Ps.112:3 where prosperity accompanies righteousness rooted in reverence for God.
- Psalm 128:2 (structural): Describes household blessing for the one who fears the LORD ('you shall eat the fruit of your hands...it shall be well with you'), paralleling Ps.112:3's dictum that wealth and enduring righteousness belong to the godly household.
Alternative generated candidates
- Wealth and riches are in his house, and his righteousness endures forever.
- Wealth and riches are in his house, and his righteousness endures forever.
Psa.112.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- זרח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בחשך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אור: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לישרים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- חנון: ADJ,m,sg
- ורחום: CONJ+ADJ,m,sg
- וצדיק: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Isaiah 9:2 (verbal): Both speak of light arising in/for people who are in darkness — a close verbal and thematic echo: 'the people who walked in darkness have seen a great light.'
- Isaiah 58:10 (verbal): Promises that 'your light shall rise in the darkness' when the righteous act mercifully — similar language linking light in darkness with righteousness and mercy.
- Psalm 97:11 (verbal): 'Light is sown for the righteous, and joy for the upright' parallels Psalm 112:4's depiction of light for the upright and the blessing tied to righteousness.
- Proverbs 4:18 (thematic): 'The path of the righteous is like the light of dawn' — thematic parallel portraying light as the benefit or mark of the righteous way.
- Luke 1:78–79 (thematic): Zechariah speaks of God's 'tender mercy' and the 'rising sun' giving light to those in darkness—echoing Psalm 112:4's association of light with God's mercy and the upright.
Alternative generated candidates
- Light dawns in darkness for the upright; he is gracious, compassionate, and righteous.
- A light dawns in darkness for the upright; he is gracious, compassionate, and righteous.
Psa.112.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- טוב: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- איש: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חונן: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,sg
- ומלוה: CONJ+VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,sg
- יכלכל: VERB,piel,impf,3,m,sg
- דבריו: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3m
- במשפט: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Proverbs 19:17 (verbal): Links generosity to lending: 'Whoever is generous to the poor lends to the LORD'—echoes the idea of showing favor and lending as righteous conduct.
- Proverbs 11:24-25 (thematic): Contrasts withholding with generosity; highlights that giving benefits the giver—parallels the righteous person's liberality in Ps 112:5.
- Psalm 37:21 (thematic): Direct moral contrast: 'The wicked borrows and does not repay, but the righteous is generous and gives'—reinforces the association of righteousness with generosity/lending.
- Proverbs 22:9 (thematic): Promises blessing for the bountiful who share with the poor—echoes Ps 112:5's emphasis on gracious giving.
- Luke 6:38 (allusion): Jesus' teaching 'Give, and it will be given to you' echoes the biblical ethic that generosity characterizes the righteous and brings blessing.
Alternative generated candidates
- It is well with the man who shows mercy and lends; he will guide his affairs with justice.
- Good is the man who shows mercy and lends; he manages his affairs with justice.
Psa.112.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- לעולם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- ימוט: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- לזכר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עולם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהיה: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- צדיק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 112:3 (verbal): Same psalm; both lines speak of the enduring status of the righteous — “his righteousness endures forever” echoes the idea that the righteous will not be moved and will be remembered forever.
- Psalm 112:9 (structural): Within the same psalm the closing description of the righteous (generosity, lasting righteousness, exaltation of his horn) reinforces 112:6’s theme of stability and lasting remembrance.
- Proverbs 10:25 (verbal): Close verbal/thematic parallel: “When the whirlwind passes, the wicked is no more, but the righteous is established forever” closely matches the claim that the righteous will not be moved.
- Psalm 37:18 (thematic): Both affirm God’s care and the enduring lot of the righteous/blameless: “The LORD knows the days of the blameless, and their heritage will remain forever,” paralleling permanence and remembrance in 112:6.
Alternative generated candidates
- For he will never be moved; the righteous will be remembered forever.
- For the righteous will never be moved; he will be remembered forever.
Psa.112.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- משמועה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- רעה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- יירא: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- נכון: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- לבו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- בטח: ADV
- ביהוה: PREP+PN,sg
Parallels
- Isaiah 12:2 (verbal): Proclaims trust in God and the resultant absence of fear—'I will trust and not be afraid,' closely echoing the wording and assurance of Ps 112:7.
- Proverbs 3:5-6 (thematic): Calls for steadfast trust in Yahweh as the basis for right living and confidence—paralleling the psalmist's fixed heart that trusts the LORD and is unmoved by bad news.
- Psalm 27:1 (thematic): Declares the LORD as salvation and therefore removes fear ('whom shall I fear?'), reflecting the same trust-based courage found in Ps 112:7.
- Isaiah 41:10 (thematic): God's command 'Do not fear... I am with you' provides the divine reason for confidence and lack of dread, analogous to the psalmist's trust-filled steadiness.
- Psalm 46:2-3 (verbal): Affirms 'we will not fear' even if the earth changes—an expression of fearless trust in God that parallels Ps 112:7's refusal to be shaken by bad tidings.
Alternative generated candidates
- He is not afraid of bad news; his heart is firm, trusting in the LORD.
- He will not fear bad news; his heart is steadfast, trusting in the LORD.
Psa.112.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- סמוך: ADJ,m,sg
- לבו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- יירא: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- עד: PREP
- אשר: PRON,rel
- יראה: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- בצריו: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,suff
Parallels
- Ps.112.7 (verbal): Immediate context: repeats the same idea of a fixed/steadfast heart and 'not be afraid'—the verse continues the thought of trust in the LORD.
- Ps.27.3 (thematic): Both assert a heart unafraid in the face of enemies and war—confidence and steadfastness despite surrounding threats.
- Ps.37.34 (structural): Shared motif of waiting/faithful endurance and then 'looking' to see the wicked cut off—anticipation of vindication over enemies.
- Prov.28.1 (thematic): Contrasts the fear of the wicked with the boldness of the righteous; like Ps 112:8 it links righteousness/trust with lack of fear before adversaries.
Alternative generated candidates
- Steadfast, he will not fear until he looks with triumph on his adversaries.
- His heart is secure; he will not be afraid until he sees his desire upon his foes.
Psa.112.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- פזר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- נתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- לאביונים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- צדקתו: NOUN,f,sg,abs+SFX3MS
- עמדת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- לעד: ADV
- קרנו: NOUN,f,sg,suff
- תרום: VERB,qal,imf,3,f,sg
- בכבוד: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 37:26 (verbal): Both describe a righteous person as giving to the poor; Ps.37:26 ('He is ever merciful to the poor') closely echoes Ps.112:9's 'he has scattered/given to the poor.'
- Proverbs 11:25 (thematic): Links generosity with blessing and prosperity ('A generous person will prosper'), paralleling Ps.112:9's theme that giving to the needy accompanies enduring righteousness and honor.
- Isaiah 58:10-11 (thematic): Promises that feeding and serving the poor brings light, guidance and God's favor—paralleling Ps.112:9's connection between mercy to the needy and vindication/honor.
- Luke 14:13-14 (allusion): Jesus' instruction to invite the poor (so you will be repaid at the resurrection of the righteous) echoes the OT virtue in Ps.112:9 of giving to the needy and receiving blessing/honor.
- 1 Samuel 2:10 (verbal): Uses the 'horn exalted' motif to express vindication and honor; Ps.112:9's 'his horn will be exalted in honor' reflects this same biblical imagery of exaltation.
Alternative generated candidates
- He has distributed; he has given to the poor; his righteousness endures forever; his horn will be exalted in honor.
- He has distributed, he has given to the poor; his righteousness endures forever; his horn is exalted in honor.
Psa.112.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- רשע: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יראה: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- וכעס: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- שניו: NOUN,f,pl,poss3,m,pl
- יחרק: VERB,qal,imf,3,m,sg
- ונמס: VERB,niphal,perf,3,f,sg
- תאות: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- רשעים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- תאבד: VERB,qal,impf,3,f,sg
Parallels
- Proverbs 10:28 (verbal): Closely parallels the wording and theme: 'The hope/expectation of the wicked will perish,' echoing Ps 112:10's 'the desire of the wicked shall perish.'
- Psalm 37:20 (thematic): Shares the theme of the destiny of the wicked — their end is destruction/perishing — contrasting the fate of the righteous and the wicked.
- Job 20:5-6 (thematic): Speaks of the transience and doom of the wicked's joy and desires, similar to Ps 112:10's assertion that the wicked's craving will come to nothing.
- Matthew 8:12 (verbal): Uses the image of 'weeping and gnashing of teeth' to describe the fate/anger of the excluded wicked — paralleling Ps 112:10's 'he will gnash his teeth' as a reaction of the wicked.
- Psalm 73:18-19 (thematic): Depicts the sudden ruin and perishing of the wicked ('set in slippery places… consumed'), resonating with Ps 112:10's picture of the wicked's desires and strength failing.
Alternative generated candidates
- The wicked see it and are angry; they grind their teeth and melt away; the desire of the wicked comes to nothing.
- The wicked see it and are angry; they gnash their teeth and melt away; the desire of the wicked comes to nothing.
Psa.113.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- הללו: VERB,piel,impv,2,m,pl
- יה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הללו: VERB,piel,impv,2,m,pl
- עבדי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- הללו: VERB,piel,impv,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- שם: ADV
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Ps.135:1 (verbal): Nearly identical wording and sequence: both open with 'Praise the LORD' and directly call 'praise the name of the LORD; praise, O servants of the LORD' (Hebrew parallel).
- Ps.134:1-2 (structural): A liturgical summons addressed to 'servants of the LORD' to bless/praise the LORD (stands in the same ritual/servant-directed vocal frame as Ps 113:1).
- Ps.117:1 (thematic): A concise universal call to praise—'Praise the LORD, all nations'—which parallels Ps 113:1's imperative to offer praise, but directed to the nations rather than temple servants.
- Ps.150:6 (thematic): Final doxological summons 'Let everything that has breath praise the LORD' echoes and broadens the imperative theme of Ps 113:1 to all living beings.
Alternative generated candidates
- Hallelujah! Praise, O servants of the LORD; praise the name of the LORD.
- Praise the LORD. Praise, O servants of the LORD; praise the name of the LORD.
Psa.113.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יהי: VERB,qal,juss,3,m,sg
- שם: ADV
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מברך: VERB,piel,ptc,3,m,sg
- מעתה: ADV
- ועד: CONJ+PREP
- עולם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Ps.72:19 (verbal): Uses the same blessing-formula—"Blessed be his glorious name for ever"—echoing the invocation that God's name be blessed forever.
- Ps.106:48 (verbal): A doxological close to the psalm: blessing the LORD "from everlasting to everlasting," paralleling the temporal scope of blessing in Ps 113:2.
- Dan.2:20 (verbal): Daniel's hymn of praise: "Blessed be the name of God for ever and ever," a near-verbatim expression of eternal blessing of God's name.
- 1 Chr.16:35 (structural): Part of David's liturgical thanksgiving that assigns perpetual praise and safeguarding of the LORD's name—parallels Ps 113:2's liturgical/doctrinal function of blessing God's name forever.
Alternative generated candidates
- Blessed be the name of the LORD from this time forth and forevermore.
- Blessed be the name of the LORD from this time forth and forevermore.
Psa.113.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ממזרח: PREP
- שמש: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- עד: PREP
- מבואו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
- מהלל: VERB,piel,part,3,m,sg
- שם: ADV
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Malachi 1:11 (quotation): Nearly verbatim echo of Ps 113:3 — 'from the rising of the sun to its setting my name will be great among the nations,' applying the same phrase to the universal praise/glorification of God.
- Isaiah 45:6 (allusion): Uses the same 'from the rising of the sun to its setting' frame to assert that God is known universally — thematic and verbal resonance with Ps 113:3's emphasis on praise across the world.
- Psalm 50:1 (verbal): Same temporal formula ('from the rising of the sun to its setting') used to describe God's summons/presence over the earth, paralleling Ps 113:3's use of that frame to declare continual praise.
- Psalm 72:17 (thematic): Speaks of the enduring name and blessing of a king 'as long as the sun,' and that all nations will call him blessed — thematically parallel in linking the sun's span to the universal/ongoing honor of God's name.
Alternative generated candidates
- From the rising of the sun to its setting the name of the LORD is to be praised.
- From the rising of the sun to its setting the name of the LORD is to be praised.
Psa.113.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- רם: ADJ,m,sg
- על: PREP
- כל: DET
- גוים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- על: PREP
- השמים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- כבודו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 97:9 (verbal): Both verses proclaim the LORD as exalted above the earth/nations and high above other powers; Psalm 97:9 closely parallels the language of God's supremacy and exaltation.
- Psalm 47:2 (thematic): Affirms the same theme of Yahweh as Most High—a great King over all the earth—emphasizing divine supremacy over nations.
- Psalm 103:19 (thematic): Declares God's throne is in the heavens and his kingdom rules over all, echoing the idea that God's glory/exaltation is above the heavens and over all peoples.
- Isaiah 6:1 (allusion): The prophet's vision of the LORD 'high and lifted up' uses exaltation imagery parallel to Psalm 113:4's depiction of God elevated above the nations and heavens.
Alternative generated candidates
- The LORD is high above all nations; his glory is above the heavens.
- The LORD is high above all nations; his glory is above the heavens.
Psa.113.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- מי: PRON,interr,sg
- כיהוה: PREP+PN,sg,m
- אלהינו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:1,pl
- המגביהי: PART,hiphil,m,sg,def
- לשבת: PREP+VERB,qal,inf
Parallels
- Exod.15:11 (verbal): Same rhetorical question 'Who is like you, O LORD?' praising the LORD's uniqueness and wondrous deeds—verbal and thematic echo of God's incomparable status.
- Ps.89:6-7 (verbal): Uses a very similar formulation ('Who in the skies can be compared to the LORD?') stressing that no one in heaven or among the mighty equals the LORD—direct rhetorical parallel.
- Isa.40:25 (thematic): Prophetic challenge 'To whom then will you liken me?' emphasizes God's incomparability, echoing the Psalm's question about who can match the LORD our God.
- Isa.6:1 (structural): Vision of the LORD 'sitting upon a throne, high and lifted up' parallels the Psalm's depiction of God enthroned on high (מגביהי לשבת), linking majesty and heavenly enthronement.
- Ps.97:9 (thematic): Declares the LORD as 'most high over all the earth' and exalted above other powers—thematic parallel stressing God's supremacy and exaltation 'on high.'
Alternative generated candidates
- Who is like the LORD our God, who sits on high,
- Who is like the LORD our God, enthroned on high,
Psa.113.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- המשפילי: VERB,hiphil,ptc,NA,m,sg
- לראות: VERB,qal,inf
- בשמים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ובארץ: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,f,sg,cs
Parallels
- Psalm 8:3-4 (verbal): Both verses speak of God’s attention to the heavens and the earth—'when I consider thy heavens' echoes the idea of God beholding heaven and earth and attending to the lowly result of that gaze.
- Isaiah 57:15 (thematic): Both stress the paradox of God’s transcendence and condescension: the Most High who dwells in lofty places nevertheless reaches down to the contrite and lowly.
- Philippians 2:6-8 (thematic): Paul’s account of Christ’s self‑emptying and humility parallels the Psalm’s theme of divine condescension—God ‘humbling himself’ to enter and care for the realm of earth and humanity.
- Luke 1:52 (thematic): Mary’s song emphasizes God’s action toward the lowly—putting down the mighty and exalting the humble—a related theme to God stooping to behold and intervene on behalf of the lowly.
Alternative generated candidates
- who stoops to behold the heavens and the earth?
- who stoops to look upon the heavens and the earth?
Psa.113.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- מקימי: VERB,hiphil,ptc,3,m,sg
- מעפר: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- דל: ADJ,m,sg
- מאשפת: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ירים: VERB,qal,yiqtol,3,m,sg
- אביון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- 1 Sam.2:8 (quotation): Hannah’s song contains a near-verbatim line: God 'raises the poor from the dust and lifts the needy from the ash heap'—the wording of Psalm 113:7 echoes this passage directly.
- Job 5:11 (verbal): Affirms the same motif of God exalting the lowly: 'He sets on high those who are lowly'—a close verbal and thematic parallel about divine uplift.
- Luke 1:52-53 (thematic): The Magnificat proclaims God’s reversal of fortunes—'he has put down the mighty... and exalted those of low degree' and 'filled the hungry'—reflecting the theme of raising the poor and reversing status.
- Isa.61:1 (thematic): Isaiah’s proclamation of God's mission 'to bring good news to the poor' and to bind up the brokenhearted resonates thematically with Psalm 113:7’s concern for the lowly and needy.
Alternative generated candidates
- He raises the poor from the dust and lifts the needy from the ash heap;
- He raises the poor from the dust and lifts the needy from the ash heap,
Psa.113.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- להושיבי: VERB,hiphil,inf,1,m,sg
- עם: PREP
- נדיבים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- עם: PREP
- נדיבי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- עמו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- 1 Samuel 2:8 (verbal): Hannah's song uses very similar language (raising the poor from the dust, lifting the needy from the ash heap, setting them among princes), a close verbal parallel and likely shared tradition with Psalm 113.
- Luke 1:52-53 (thematic): The Magnificat echoes the OT reversal theme — casting down rulers and lifting up the humble, filling the hungry and sending the rich away — reflecting Psalm 113's motif of God exalting the lowly.
- Psalm 146:7-8 (thematic): Both psalms celebrate God's care for the oppressed and needy (lifting up the bowed down, giving food to the hungry), emphasizing divine concern for the lowly rather than the powerful.
- James 2:5 (allusion): James appeals to God's choice of the poor to be rich in faith, echoing the OT theme that God honors and exalts the lowly rather than earthly elites, resonant with Psalm 113's message.
Alternative generated candidates
- to make them sit with princes, with the princes of his people.
- to set them among princes, even among the princes of his people.
Psa.113.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- מושיבי: VERB,hiph,ptc,3,m,sg
- עקרת: NOUN,f,sg,cons
- הבית: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אם: CONJ
- הבנים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- שמחה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הללו: VERB,piel,impv,2,m,pl
- יה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Genesis 21:1-7 (thematic): God remembers Sarah and enables her to bear Isaac; the birth turns barrenness into joy and the household celebrates — the same reversal of sterility to motherhood.
- Isaiah 54:1 (allusion): ‘Sing, O barren one...’ proclaims a prophetic, enlarged promise that the formerly childless will be exuberant mothers — an explicit thematic echo of Psalm 113:9’s motif.
- Luke 1:57-58 (thematic): The birth of John to Elizabeth prompts rejoicing among neighbors because God has shown mercy to her; a New Testament instance of the barren woman becoming a joyful mother.
- Psalm 127:3-5 (thematic): Children are presented as a blessing from the LORD; complements Psalm 113:9’s affirmation that God establishes the childless as joyful parents.
- 1 Samuel 2:5 (thematic): In Hannah’s song the barren woman’s bearing children is celebrated as God’s reversal of fortunes — a close thematic parallel of praise for God’s giving of offspring.
Alternative generated candidates
- He gives the barren woman a home, making her a joyful mother of children—Hallelujah!
- He makes the barren woman dwell in a home, a joyful mother of children. Praise the LORD.
Psa.114.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- בצאת: PREP+VERB,qal,infc
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ממצרים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יעקב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מעם: PREP
- לעז: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Exodus 12:41 (verbal): Speaks of Israel’s departure from Egypt and God’s deliverance—close verbal and historical parallel to Psalm 114’s opening line.
- Exodus 13:3 (thematic): Commands Israel to remember the day they went out of Egypt; echoes the commemorative intent behind Psalm 114’s reference to the Exodus.
- Psalm 105:37 (verbal): Recounts God bringing Israel out of Egypt and leading them with signs and provision—shares language and theme with Ps 114’s depiction of the exodus.
- Deuteronomy 26:5 (thematic): The Paschal/thanksgiving confession recounts the patriarchal and Exodus origins of Israel—thematically linked as a ritual retelling of leaving Egypt invoked in Ps 114.
- Hebrews 11:29 (allusion): New Testament reflection on the Exodus event (crossing the sea) as an act of faith; alludes to the same foundational deliverance celebrated in Psalm 114.
Alternative generated candidates
- When Israel went out from Egypt, the house of Jacob from a people of strange language,
- When Israel went out from Egypt, the house of Jacob from a people of strange speech,
Psa.114.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- היתה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- יהודה: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- לקדשו: VERB,qal,inf,3,m,sg
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ממשלותיו: NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 78:68 (verbal): Speaks of God choosing the tribe of Judah and Mount Zion he loved—echoes Judah as God's chosen sanctuary.
- Psalm 135:4 (verbal): Declares that the LORD has chosen Jacob and made Israel his possession, paralleling 'Israel his dominion.'
- Deuteronomy 7:6 (thematic): Describes Israel as a holy, chosen people and God's treasured possession—theme of divine ownership and sanctity.
- Genesis 49:10 (thematic): The scepter and leadership belong to Judah—relates to Judah's central role and authority in Israel (dominion).
- Isaiah 43:21 (allusion): God formed Israel for himself so they would praise him—resonates with the language of Israel belonging to God.
Alternative generated candidates
- Judah became his sanctuary, Israel his dominion.
- Judah became his sanctuary, Israel his dominion.
Psa.114.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- הים: NOUN,m,sg,abs,def
- ראה: VERB,qal,imperat,2,m,sg
- וינס: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- יסב: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- לאחור: PREP
Parallels
- Exodus 14:21-22 (allusion): The original account of the Sea crossing: God parts the sea so Israel crosses on dry ground—background narrative to Ps 114’s image of the sea fleeing.
- Joshua 3:15-17 (structural): The Jordan miraculously stops and Israel crosses—direct parallel to ‘the Jordan turned back’ and the memory of the two crossing miracles (Sea and Jordan).
- Psalm 78:13 (verbal): A poetic retelling: ‘He divided the sea and caused them to pass through; and He made the waters stand as a heap’—language and imagery closely echoing Ps 114’s description.
- Isaiah 51:10 (thematic): A prophetic recollection of God’s control over the sea and making a way for the redeemed, thematically echoing Ps 114’s emphasis on Yahweh’s saving power over waters.
Alternative generated candidates
- The sea looked and fled; the Jordan turned back.
- The sea saw and fled; the Jordan turned back.
Psa.114.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ההרים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- רקדו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- כאילים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- גבעות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- כבני: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- צאן: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Nahum 1:5 (verbal): Close verbal parallel — 'The mountains quake because of him, and the hills melt' echoes Ps 114:4's depiction of mountains moving in response to God's presence/power.
- Exodus 19:18 (thematic): Mount Sinai quakes when the LORD descends; similar motif of mountains responding dramatically to the divine presence.
- Judges 5:4-5 (thematic): Deborah's song describes earth and heavens trembling and mountains melting before the LORD, using the same theophanic mountain imagery found in Ps 114:4.
- Habakkuk 3:6 (thematic): The prophet's theophany portrays mountains trembling/scattered at God's appearance — a comparable depiction of nature's response to Yahweh.
- Isaiah 64:1-2 (thematic): A plea for God to come down so that 'the mountains might quake at your presence,' echoing the motif of mountains reacting to God's coming in Ps 114:4.
Alternative generated candidates
- The mountains skipped like rams, the hills like lambs.
- The mountains skipped like rams, the hills like lambs.
Psa.114.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- מה: PRON,int
- לך: PRON,2,m,sg
- הים: NOUN,m,sg,abs,def
- כי: CONJ
- תנוס: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- הירדן: NOUN,m,sg,def
- תסב: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,sg
- לאחור: PREP
Parallels
- Exodus 14:21-22 (verbal): The parting of the Red Sea where the waters are driven back and Israel crosses on dry ground—direct event echoed by Psalm 114’s question to the sea that 'fled.'
- Joshua 3:15-17 (verbal): The Jordan’s waters are held back while the people cross—closely parallels Psalm 114’s address to the Jordan that 'turned back.'
- Isaiah 51:10 (allusion): A rhetorical question about drying up the sea and making a way for the redeemed echoes Psalm 114’s wonder at the sea’s flight and the making of a path.
- Psalm 77:16-20 (thematic): Psalm 77 recalls God’s deliverance at the sea—'the waters saw you, O God; the waters saw you and were afraid'—thematically and verbally resonant with Psalm 114’s imagery.
- Psalm 78:13-15 (thematic): Retells the miracles at the Red Sea and the Jordan (waters heaped up, a path made), paralleling Psalm 114’s depiction of the waters fleeing and turning back.
Alternative generated candidates
- What ailed you, O sea, that you fled? O Jordan, that you turned back?
- What ailed you, O sea, that you fled? O Jordan, that you turned back?
Psa.114.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ההרים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- תרקדו: VERB,qal,impf,2,m,pl
- כאילים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- גבעות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- כבני: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- צאן: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Exodus 15:8 (structural): Psalm 114 is a miniature retelling of the Red Sea and Sinai theophany traditions found in Exodus 14–15; Exodus 15:8 describes God's mighty act at the sea and provides the narrative backdrop for the mountain/hill imagery in Ps 114:6.
- Judges 5:5 (thematic): Deborah's song speaks of the Sinai theophany—'the mountains melted from before the LORD'—echoing the motif of mountains reacting to God's presence as in Ps 114:6.
- Habakkuk 3:6 (verbal): Habakkuk 3:6 depicts mountains and perpetual hills trembling or scattering at God's appearance, closely paralleling the language and theophanic theme of Ps 114:6.
- Nahum 1:5 (verbal): Nahum 1:5 says 'the mountains quake before him; the hills melt,' a concise, verbal echo of Ps 114:6's image of mountains and hills reacting to the Lord.
- Psalm 18:7–8 (thematic): Psalm 18 (a royal/theophanic hymn) portrays the earth and mountains trembling at God's coming—an anxiety-filled, celebratory theophany that parallels the shock and motion of nature depicted in Ps 114:6.
Alternative generated candidates
- O mountains, that you skipped like rams? O hills, like lambs?
- O mountains, that you skipped like rams, O hills like lambs?
Psa.114.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- מלפני: PREP
- אדון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חולי: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מלפני: PREP
- אלוה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יעקב: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Exodus 15:1-12 (allusion): Psalm 114 as a whole echoes the Song at the Sea; verse 7's summons to the earth to tremble at the LORD recalls the cosmic, redemptive scene of God’s presence and acts in the Exodus song (sea fleeing, mountains reacting).
- Psalm 96:9 (verbal): Both verses summon the earth/people to 'tremble before' God—sharing the language and cultic call to fear/worship at the LORD's presence.
- Habakkuk 3:6 (thematic): Habakkuk’s theophany speaks of God standing and shaking the earth and making mountains tremble, paralleling Psalm 114’s image of the earth and mountains reacting to the presence of the God of Jacob.
- Psalm 18:7 (verbal): This theophanic passage describes the earth reeling and the foundations trembling at God’s presence/anger, using language of shaking and trembling that parallels Psalm 114:7’s command to the earth.
Alternative generated candidates
- Tremble, O earth, at the presence of the LORD, at the presence of the God of Jacob,
- Tremble, O earth, at the presence of the Lord, at the presence of the God of Jacob.
Psa.114.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ההפכי: ADJ,qal,ptcp,-,m,sg,def
- הצור: NOUN,m,sg,def
- אגם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- חלמיש: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- למעינו: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,poss
- מים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Exodus 19:18 (thematic): At Sinai the mountain quaked and smoked at God's coming; parallels Psalm 114's call for the earth to tremble at the presence of the LORD (theophanic response of creation).
- Isaiah 64:1-2 (verbal): Prays for God to come down so that 'the mountains might flow down at thy presence'—similar language of mountains/earth reacting to the Lord's presence.
- Habakkuk 3:6 (verbal): Describes God standing and shaking the earth (theophany imagery), echoing Psalm 114's motif of the earth trembling before the God of Jacob.
- Nahum 1:5 (verbal): Speaks of mountains quaking and hills melting because of the LORD—parallel verbal imagery of creation's convulsive response to God's presence.
- Psalm 96:11-12 (thematic): Calls for heavens, earth, sea, and fields to rejoice before the LORD; thematically aligned with Psalm 114's depiction of creation responding to Yahweh's presence.
Alternative generated candidates
- who turns the rock into a pool of water, the flint into a spring of water.
- He turned the rock into a pool of water, the flint into a spring of water.
Psa.115.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לא: PART_NEG
- לנו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- לא: PART_NEG
- לנו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
- כי: CONJ
- לשמך: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+2,m,sg
- תן: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
- כבוד: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- על: PREP
- חסדך: NOUN,m,sg,abs+2ms
- על: PREP
- אמתך: NOUN,f,sg,abs+2,m,sg
Parallels
- Deuteronomy 8:17-18 (thematic): Warns Israel not to boast 'It is by my own power' but to remember that God gives ability—echoes 'not to us... but to your name give glory.'
- Isaiah 42:8 (verbal): Declares God's unique name and that he will not give his glory to another; connects the themes of God's name and his glory found in Psalm 115:1.
- John 12:28 (thematic): Jesus prays 'Father, glorify your name,' and the voice from heaven affirms God's glorification—parallels the petition to give glory to God's name.
- Romans 11:36 (thematic): Affirms that all things are from, through, and to God, concluding 'to him be the glory'—the New Testament counterpart to refusing glory for ourselves.
- 1 Corinthians 10:31 (thematic): Commands believers to do everything 'for the glory of God,' reflecting the psalm's insistence that honor belong to God's name rather than to human beings.
Alternative generated candidates
- Not to us, O LORD, not to us, but to your name give glory, for the sake of your steadfast love and your faithfulness.
- Not to us, O LORD, not to us, but to your name give glory, for your steadfast love and for your faithfulness.
Psa.115.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- למה: ADV
- יאמרו: VERB,qal,imprf,3,m,pl
- הגוים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- איה: ADV,interr
- נא: PART
- אלהיהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3mp
Parallels
- Psalm 79:10 (quotation): Uses the same rhetorical question—'Why should the nations say, Where is their God?'—within a communal lament, echoing the worry that Israel's God seems absent.
- Isaiah 36:20-21 (allusion): The Assyrian taunt against Jerusalem asks rhetorically about the power of other nations' gods and implicitly challenges 'Where is the LORD your God?', paralleling the nations' question.
- Psalm 135:15-18 (thematic): Describes the impotence of idols (silver and gold, mute and immobile), explaining why pagans might mock and ask where their gods are—same polemic against idolatry.
- Habakkuk 2:18-19 (thematic): Denounces idols as senseless and powerless (their makers are put to shame), thematically resonating with the challenge embodied in 'Where is their God?'.
Alternative generated candidates
- Why should the nations say, “Where is their God?”
- Why should the nations say, "Where then is their God?"
Psa.115.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואלהינו: NOUN,m,pl,abs,poss:1pl
- בשמים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- כל: DET
- אשר: PRON,rel
- חפץ: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Ps.135:6 (verbal): Nearly identical wording within the Psalter: God does whatever pleases him (explicitly 'in heaven and in earth'), echoing the same verb and formula.
- Dan.4:35 (verbal): Nebuchadnezzar's confession that God 'does according to his will' among heaven and earth, stressing the same idea of divine sovereignty and freedom of action.
- Job 23:13 (verbal): Job acknowledges God's immutability and that 'what he desires, that he does,' a close verbal/thematic parallel about God's enacted will.
- Isa.46:10 (thematic): God declares his counsel and that he will accomplish his purposes—the broader theological theme of divine sovereignty and inevitability of God's will.
- Isa.14:27 (thematic): 'The LORD of hosts has purposed, and who will annul it?'—an assertion of the irresistible effectiveness of God's purpose comparable to Psalm 115:3's claim.
Alternative generated candidates
- Our God is in the heavens; he does whatever he pleases.
- Our God is in the heavens; he does whatever pleases him.
Psa.115.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ע: ADJ,m,pl,cons
- צביהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+3mp
- כסף: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- וזהב: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מעשה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ידי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- אדם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 135:15–18 (verbal): Directly parallels the theme and language: idols are made by human hands and cannot speak or act; same polemic against man-made gods.
- Exodus 32:4–5 (quotation): Narrative example of an idol fashioned from gold by human workmanship (the golden calf), illustrating the complaint that idols are the work of men's hands.
- Isaiah 44:12–20 (thematic): Extended satire on the folly of craftsmen who fashion idols from wood and metal, then worship what they themselves have made—echoes the critique of man-made silver and gold idols.
- Jeremiah 10:3–5 (verbal): Condemns the making and worship of idols cut from wood and decorated with silver and gold, emphasizing that these are human products and powerless.
- Psalm 115:8 (structural): Immediate contextual parallel within the same psalm: those who make idols are compared to the idols themselves—underscores that idols are human-made and ineffective.
Alternative generated candidates
- Their idols are silver and gold, the work of human hands.
- Their idols are silver and gold, the work of men's hands.
Psa.115.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- פה: ADV
- להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- ולא: CONJ
- ידברו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- עינים: NOUN,f,du,abs
- להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- ולא: CONJ
- יראו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Ps.135:16-18 (verbal): Almost identical wording about idols: they have mouths but do not speak, eyes but do not see—same polemic against lifeless images.
- Isa.44:9-20 (thematic): Extended denunciation of idol-makers and idols (blind, mute, powerless); develops the theme that crafted images are useless and deceive their makers.
- Isa.46:5-7 (allusion): Contrasts the living God with idols that must be carried, set in place, and cannot act—underscores the impotence and insentience of images implied in Ps 115:5.
- Hab.2:18-19 (verbal): Speaks of the futility of idols and their makers and calls idols 'dumb' (unable to speak) and 'blind' (unable to see), echoing the language and critique of Ps 115:5.
Alternative generated candidates
- They have mouths, but do not speak; eyes, but do not see;
- They have mouths, but they speak not; they have eyes, but they see not.
Psa.115.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אזנים: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- ולא: CONJ
- ישמעו: VERB,qal,imf,3,mp
- אף: ADV
- להם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- ולא: CONJ
- יריחון: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Psalm 135:16-18 (verbal): Almost identical catalogue of senses attributed to idols (they have mouths/eyes/ears/noses but cannot speak/see/hear/smell); a close verbal parallel to Ps 115:6–8.
- Psalm 115:5 (verbal): Immediate context within the same psalm: vv.5–8 list the same impotent faculties of idols, forming a parallel couplet with v.6.
- Isaiah 44:9-20 (thematic): Extended prophetic critique of idolatry that emphasizes the foolishness of makers and the lifeless, ineffectual nature of idols—thematic parallel to the psalm’s depiction of unresponsive images.
- Isaiah 6:9-10 (verbal): Uses the motif of hearing without understanding and seeing without perceiving; shares the theme of sensory incapacity and spiritual insensitivity reflected in Ps 115:6.
- Romans 1:22-23 (thematic): Paul’s summary of human idolatry—exchanging divine glory for images—echoes the psalm’s indictment of futile, senseless idols that cannot hear, see, or respond.
Alternative generated candidates
- they have ears, but do not hear; noses, but do not smell;
- They have ears, but they hear not; they have noses, but they smell not.
Psa.115.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ידיהם: NOUN,f,pl,abs+3,m,pl
- ולא: CONJ
- ימישון: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- רגליהם: NOUN,f,pl,abs+3,m,pl
- ולא: CONJ
- יהלכו: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,pl
- לא: PART_NEG
- יהגו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- בגרונם: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,suff+3mp
Parallels
- Psalm 135:16-18 (verbal): Almost identical wording and sequence about idols having hands/feet but being unable to feel, walk, or speak; a direct verbal parallel to Psalm 115:7.
- Psalm 115:5 (structural): Immediate parallel within the same psalm listing body parts of idols (mouths, eyes, ears) and their inability to function; Psalm 115:5–8 forms a unit with v.7.
- Isaiah 44:9-20 (allusion): Extended prophetic polemic against idols: craftsman-made images with hands and feet that cannot see, feel, speak, or save—thematic expansion of the impotence motif in Ps 115:7.
- Jeremiah 10:3-5 (thematic): Denounces idols as powerless and senseless (cannot speak or act); echoes the theme that man-made gods lack life and agency like the impotent idols of Psalm 115:7.
Alternative generated candidates
- they have hands, but do not feel; feet, but do not walk; and they make no sound with their throat.
- They have hands but cannot handle, they have feet but cannot walk; they make no sound with their throats.
Psa.115.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כמוהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- יהיו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- עשיהם: NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,3,m,pl
- כל: DET
- אשר: PRON,rel
- בטח: ADV
- בהם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
Parallels
- Psalm 135:18 (verbal): Nearly identical wording and idea: the makers of idols become like them, and so do those who trust in them — a direct verbal parallel within the Psalter.
- Isaiah 44:9-20 (thematic): A sustained denunciation of idolatry that portrays craftsmen and worshipers as foolish and effectively like the objects they fashion and serve, echoing Psalm 115:8's judgment.
- Habakkuk 2:18-19 (verbal): Rhetorical question about the profit of an idol made by a craftsman and the woe against those who address lifeless wood — closely parallels the motif that makers/adorers are like their idols.
- Jeremiah 10:14-15 (thematic): Jeremiah exposes the futility of idols and the shame of their makers, asserting that human work produces powerless objects and that those who trust them are misguided, resonating with Psalm 115:8's thrust.
- Romans 1:23-25 (thematic): Paul portrays humans exchanging the glory of God for images and worshiping created things rather than the Creator, reflecting the New Testament development of the same theme that idol-makers and idol-worshipers are effectively conformed to what they make/serve.
Alternative generated candidates
- Those who make them become like them—so are all who trust in them.
- Those who make them will be like them, and so will all who trust in them.
Psa.115.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בטח: ADV
- ביהוה: PREP+PN,sg
- עזרם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3mp
- ומגנם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs+3mp
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 33:20 (verbal): Nearly identical wording: 'Our soul waits for the LORD; he is our help and shield,' directly echoing the declaration that Yahweh is help and shield for Israel.
- Psalm 28:7 (verbal): Combines trust and protective imagery: 'The LORD is my strength and my shield; my heart trusts in him, and he helps me,' paralleling the themes of trust, help, and shield.
- Psalm 121:2 (thematic): Focuses on God as the source of help: 'My help comes from the LORD,' reflecting the same assurance that Israel's aid is the LORD.
- Psalm 118:8 (thematic): Affirms reliance on God rather than humans: 'It is better to take refuge in the LORD than to trust in man,' complementing the exhortation for Israel to trust Yahweh.
- Psalm 3:3 (verbal): Uses the 'shield' imagery of divine protection: 'But you, O LORD, are a shield about me,' echoing the portrayal of God as protector and defender.
Alternative generated candidates
- O Israel, trust in the LORD; he is their help and their shield.
- O Israel, trust in the LORD; he is their help and their shield.
Psa.115.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אהרן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בטחו: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,pl
- ביהוה: PREP+PN,sg
- עזרם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,pl
- ומגנם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs+3,m,pl
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 115:11 (structural): Immediate parallel within the same psalm repeating the summons to trust in the LORD: 'Ye that fear the LORD, trust in the LORD: he is their help and their shield.'
- Psalm 33:20 (verbal): Uses nearly identical wording—'Our soul waiteth for the LORD: he is our help and our shield'—echoing the help/shield imagery and trust in God.
- Psalm 28:7 (verbal): Speaks of the LORD as 'my strength and my shield' and links personal trust ('my heart trusted in him') with God’s help, paralleling the help/shield motif.
- Jeremiah 17:7 (thematic): Declares the blessing of trusting in the LORD ('Blessed is the man that trusteth in the LORD'), connecting the broader theological theme of reliance on God present in Ps 115:10.
Alternative generated candidates
- O house of Aaron, trust in the LORD; he is their help and their shield.
- House of Aaron, trust in the LORD; he is their help and their shield.
Psa.115.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יראי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בטחו: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,pl
- ביהוה: PREP+PN,sg
- עזרם: NOUN,m,sg,abs+PS,3,m,pl
- ומגנם: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PS,3,m,pl
- הוא: PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Ps.28.7 (verbal): Uses nearly identical language: God as help and shield and the believer’s trust in the LORD (’my heart trusts in him; he helps me’).
- Ps.33.20 (verbal): Almost exact verbal parallel—God described as 'our help and our shield' and the community’s waiting/trusting in the LORD.
- Ps.20.7 (thematic): Contrasts trust in human resources with trust in the LORD ('some trust in chariots... we trust in the name of the LORD'), echoing the call to trust God.
- Prov.29.25 (thematic): Pairs fear and trust theologically: fear of man is dangerous, but trusting in the LORD brings safety—relates to 'those who fear the LORD, trust in the LORD.'
- Ps.125.1 (thematic): Affirms the security of those who trust in the LORD ('Those who trust in the LORD are like Mount Zion...'), resonating with the theme of divine protection and confidence.
Alternative generated candidates
- You who fear the LORD, trust in the LORD; he is their help and their shield.
- You who fear the LORD, trust in the LORD; he is their help and their shield.
Psa.115.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- זכרנו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יברך: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- יברך: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יברך: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- את: PRT,acc
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אהרן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Numbers 6:24-26 (quotation): The Aaronic priestly blessing (“The LORD bless you and keep you…”) is the classic blessing associated with the house of Aaron; Psalm 115 explicitly blesses the house of Aaron, echoing this priestly formula and function.
- Psalm 115:14-15 (structural): Immediate continuation of the same psalm: the psalmist expands the blessing to ‘you and your children’ and attributes the blessing to the Creator, reinforcing the theme of divine blessing on Israel and Aaron’s house.
- Psalm 134:2-3 (verbal): A short priestly blessing invoking the LORD to ‘bless you from Zion’; shares the language and sacerdotal context of blessing offered by/for those who serve the LORD, parallel to Ps 115’s blessing on Israel and Aaron.
- Deuteronomy 7:13 (thematic): God’s covenant promise to Israel includes direct promises of love and blessing (‘He will love you and bless you…’); thematically parallels Psalm 115’s declaration that the LORD has remembered and will bless the house of Israel.
Alternative generated candidates
- The LORD has been mindful of us; he will bless; he will bless the house of Israel; he will bless the house of Aaron;
- The LORD has been mindful of us; he will bless—he will bless the house of Israel; he will bless the house of Aaron.
Psa.115.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יברך: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- יראי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- הקטנים: ADJ,m,pl,def
- עם: PREP
- הגדלים: ADJ,m,pl,def
Parallels
- Psalm 128:1 (verbal): Uses the same formula "Blessed is everyone who fears the LORD," directly linking fear of YHWH with divine blessing.
- Psalm 115:15 (structural): Immediate parallel within the same psalm—continues the blessing theme, declaring the people blessed by the LORD, maker of heaven and earth.
- Psalm 25:12 (thematic): Poses the question 'Who is the man who fears the LORD?' and answers by describing the benefit God gives (instruction/guidance) to those who fear him, connecting fear with divine favor.
- Proverbs 14:26 (thematic): Associates the fear of the LORD with security and well‑being for one's household—an outcome akin to being blessed (confidence and refuge for children).
Alternative generated candidates
- he will bless those who fear the LORD, both small and great.
- He will bless those who fear the LORD, both small and great.
Psa.115.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יסף: VERB,qal,juss,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- עליכם: PREP+PRON,2mp
- עליכם: PREP+PRON,2mp
- ועל: CONJ+PREP
- בניכם: NOUN,m,pl,const+2mp
Parallels
- Numbers 6:24-26 (verbal): Priestly blessing invoking the LORD’s favor on the people (including protection and peace); parallels Ps.115:14’s petition for the LORD to bestow increase/blessing on you and your children.
- Deuteronomy 7:13 (thematic): Promises that God will love, bless and multiply Israel—explicitly linking divine blessing with multiplication of offspring, echoing the petition for increase in Ps.115:14.
- Genesis 1:28 (thematic): God’s original blessing/commission to 'be fruitful and multiply,' providing the foundational motif of divine grant of increase and children reflected in Ps.115:14.
- Psalm 128:3-4 (thematic): Depicts children as a chief blessing from the LORD ('children like olive shoots'), resonating with Ps.115:14’s request that God grant increase to you and your children.
- Deuteronomy 30:9 (thematic): Assures that the LORD will make Israel prosperous and 'multiply' them, thematically parallel to the prayer for God to add/increase you and your children in Ps.115:14.
Alternative generated candidates
- May the LORD add to you, to you and to your children.
- May the LORD add to you, to you and to your children.
Psa.115.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ברוכים: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- אתם: PRON,2,m,pl
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- שמים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- וארץ: NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 146:6 (verbal): Uses nearly identical language praising the LORD as the one “who made heaven and earth” (expanded with sea and all that is in them).
- Genesis 14:19 (verbal): Melchizedek’s blessing invokes God as “God Most High, maker/possessor of heaven and earth,” linking blessing-language to God’s creative role.
- Nehemiah 9:6 (verbal): A liturgical confession that explicitly credits the LORD with making heaven, the highest heavens, the earth and all that is in them—echoing the creator-affirmation in Psalm 115:15.
- Isaiah 45:12 (thematic): Divine speech asserting God as creator (“I made the earth, and created man… I have stretched out the heavens”), resonating with the theme of blessing/praising the Creator in Psalm 115:15.
Alternative generated candidates
- May you be blessed by the LORD, who made heaven and earth.
- You are blessed by the LORD, who made heaven and earth.
Psa.115.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- השמים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- שמים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- והארץ: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- נתן: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- לבני: PREP
- אדם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Deuteronomy 10:14 (verbal): Uses the same motif of divine ownership of heaven(s) and earth—'to the LORD your God belong heaven and the heaven of heavens, the earth and all that is in it'—paralleling Ps 115:16's contrast between God's heavens and the earth given to humans.
- Psalm 24:1 (verbal): Declares 'The earth is the LORD's, and the fulness thereof,' a close verbal counterpart that highlights divine ownership of the earth, which Ps 115:16 then qualifies by stating God has given the earth to mankind.
- Psalm 8:4-8 (thematic): Develops the theme of humanity's place in creation: though the heavens belong to God, He has entrusted the works of His hands (the earth) to human beings and given them dominion—echoing Ps 115:16's idea of the earth being given to 'sons of men.'
- Genesis 1:28 (structural): The creation mandate ('fill the earth and subdue it') provides the foundational account for God giving the earth to humanity, a background for Ps 115:16's claim that the earth is given to mankind.
- 1 Corinthians 10:26 (verbal): New Testament echo ('For the earth is the Lord's, and the fulness thereof') that recalls OT language of divine ownership; relates to Ps 115:16 by invoking the same theological point even as Ps 115 qualifies God's giving of the earth to humans.
Alternative generated candidates
- The heavens are the LORD’s heavens, but the earth he has given to the children of man.
- The heavens are the LORD's heavens, but the earth he has given to the children of men.
Psa.115.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לא: PART_NEG
- המתים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- יהללו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- יה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ולא: CONJ
- כל: DET
- ירדי: VERB,qal,ptc,3,m,pl
- דומה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 6:5 (verbal): Explicitly states that in death there is no remembrance or praise of God—closely echoes the assertion that the dead do not praise the LORD.
- Psalm 30:9 (verbal): Asks rhetorically whether the dust (those who go down to the pit) can praise God, paralleling the claim that the dead do not praise Yahweh.
- Psalm 88:10-12 (verbal): Questions whether God works wonders for the dead and whether the dead can praise him; thematically and verbally parallels the denial of praise from the dead.
- Isaiah 38:18-19 (verbal): Hezekiah/Isaiah states that Sheol/death cannot thank or praise God and contrasts the living who do praise him—close verbal and theological parallel.
- Ecclesiastes 9:5 (thematic): Affirms that the dead are without knowledge or activity, supporting the theme that the dead do not praise or worship God.
Alternative generated candidates
- The dead do not praise the LORD, nor all who go down into silence.
- The dead do not praise the LORD, nor any who go down into silence.
Psa.115.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ואנחנו: CONJ+PRON,1,pl
- נברך: VERB,qal,impf,1,,pl
- יה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מעתה: ADV
- ועד: CONJ+PREP
- עולם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הללו: VERB,piel,impv,2,m,pl
- יה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Ps.34:1 (verbal): Shares the verb and motif of blessing/praising the LORD continually — 'I will bless the LORD at all times' parallels 'we will bless the LORD from now and for ever.'
- Ps.104:33 (thematic): Expresses lifelong, continuous praise ('I will sing to the LORD as long as I live'), echoing the Psalm's commitment to bless God 'from now and for ever.'
- Ps.145:1-2 (verbal): Declares ongoing blessing and praise of God's name ('I will extol you, my God and King; I will bless your name forever and ever'), closely paralleling the eternal praise language of Ps 115:18.
- Heb.13:15 (thematic): New Testament exhortation to continually offer 'a sacrifice of praise' to God, reflecting the same theological emphasis on continual blessing and praise of the LORD.
Alternative generated candidates
- But we will bless the LORD from this time forth and forevermore. Hallelujah!
- But we will bless the LORD from this time forth and forevermore. Praise the LORD.
Psa.116.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אהבתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- כי: CONJ
- ישמע: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- קולי: NOUN,m,sg,abs+1
- תחנוני: NOUN,m,sg,abs+1cs
Parallels
- Psalm 116:2 (verbal): Immediate continuation/parallel within the psalm: repeats and expands the reason for loving the LORD — because he inclined his ear to me and heard my voice.
- Psalm 4:3 (verbal): Same claim that the LORD hears when one calls to him (“the LORD hears when I call to him”), echoing the psalmist’s confidence.
- Psalm 18:6 (verbal): Similar wording and situation: in distress the psalmist calls and God ‘heard my voice’ from his temple — a close verbal and thematic parallel about God’s attentive hearing.
- Psalm 66:19–20 (verbal): Thanksgiving motif with near-identical language: ‘God has listened; he has attended to the voice of my prayer,’ affirming God’s hearing as reason for praise.
- 1 John 5:14 (thematic): New Testament theological parallel: Christians’ confidence that God hears their prayers (when asked in accordance with his will), reflecting the same assurance that prompts love and trust.
Alternative generated candidates
- I love the LORD, because he has heard my voice and my pleas for mercy.
- I love the LORD, for he has heard my voice; my pleas for mercy he has attended.
Psa.116.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- הטה: VERB,hiph,impv,2,m,sg
- אזנו: NOUN,f,sg,suff
- לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- ובימי: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,pl,cons
- אקרא: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 40:1 (verbal): Uses the same image of God 'inclining' his ear to the petitioner and hearing his cry—very close verbal and thematic parallel to Ps 116:2.
- Psalm 34:15 (verbal): Speaks of the LORD's eyes toward the righteous and his ears open to their cry—closely parallels the notion of God attentively listening.
- 1 Peter 3:12 (quotation): Directly echoes Psalm 34:15 (eyes toward the righteous, ears open to their prayers); New Testament citation of the same motif of God hearing the righteous.
- Psalm 22:24 (thematic): Asserts that God hears when the afflicted cry to him—shares the theme of divine hearing and responsive deliverance found in Ps 116:2.
- Isaiah 65:24 (thematic): Promises that God will answer even before being called or while still speaking—related motif of God's ready and attentive hearing of human petition.
Alternative generated candidates
- Because he inclined his ear to me, therefore I will call on him as long as I live.
- For he inclined his ear to me; therefore I will call on him as long as I live.
Psa.116.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אפפוני: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- חבלי: NOUN,m,pl,construct
- מות: VERB,qal,infabs
- ומצרי: NOUN,f,pl,cs
- שאול: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- מצאוני: VERB,qal,impf,3,?,pl,obj:1s
- צרה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ויגון: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אמצא: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 18:4 (verbal): Uses nearly identical language—'cords/snares of death'—and the image of being surrounded by death/deluge, echoing the same distress motif.
- 2 Samuel 22:6 (verbal): A parallel victory-song passage to Psalm 18 with the same phrase about the 'cords of death' encompassing the speaker; shows shared poetic tradition.
- Jonah 2:3 (thematic): Jonah's prayer depicts being cast into the deep and overwhelmed by floods/waves—thematic parallel of being engulfed by death/Sheol and in extreme peril.
- Psalm 88:4 (thematic): Speaks of being counted among those who go down to the pit and living in darkness and affliction—thematic parallel concerning Sheol, distress, and sorrow.
Alternative generated candidates
- The snares of death encompassed me; the pangs of Sheol laid hold on me; I suffered distress and anguish.
- The snares of death encompassed me; the pangs of Sheol laid hold on me; distress and sorrow I found.
Psa.116.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ובשם: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אקרא: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
- אנה: ADV,interrog
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- מלטה: VERB,qal,impv,2,sg
- נפשי: NOUN,f,sg,abs+1cs
Parallels
- Psalm 18:6 (verbal): Both speak of calling on the LORD in distress—'In my distress I called upon the LORD'—and appeal for God's intervention/deliverance.
- Joel 2:32 (verbal): Uses the same formula 'call on the name of the LORD' with the promise of deliverance/deliverance for those who call, paralleling the petition in Ps 116:4.
- Romans 10:13 (quotation): Paul cites Joel 2:32 ('whoever calls on the name of the Lord shall be saved'), echoing the theme of calling on the LORD for rescue found in Ps 116:4.
- Acts 2:21 (quotation): Peter's Pentecost citation of Joel ('everyone who calls on the name of the Lord shall be saved') parallels the Psalm's appeal to call on the LORD for deliverance.
- Psalm 70:1 (thematic): An urgent plea for swift help—'Make haste, O God, to deliver me'—closely mirrors the petitionary cry of Ps 116:4 for the LORD to rescue the psalmist's life.
Alternative generated candidates
- Then I called on the name of the LORD: “O LORD, I pray, deliver my soul!”
- Then I called upon the name of the LORD: "O LORD, deliver my soul!"
Psa.116.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- חנון: ADJ,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- וצדיק: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ואלהינו: CONJ+NOUN,m,sg,abs,poss:1,pl
- מרחם: VERB,piel,ptc,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Exodus 34:6 (quotation): The prototypical divine formula 'The LORD, the LORD... merciful and gracious' closely matches Ps 116:5 and is the classic source for this description of God.
- Psalm 103:8 (verbal): Uses the same attributes—gracious/merciful—to describe God's character, echoing Ps 116:5's emphasis on divine mercy and righteousness.
- Psalm 145:8 (verbal): Declares 'The LORD is gracious and compassionate,' a near-verbal parallel that reinforces the theme of God's mercy present in Ps 116:5.
- Psalm 86:15 (verbal): 'But you, O Lord, are a compassionate and gracious God' repeats the same pair of divine qualities, aligning closely with the language and theology of Ps 116:5.
- Jonah 4:2 (allusion): Jonah explicitly invokes the formula describing God as gracious and merciful (slow to anger), demonstrating the phrase's use in prophetic confession and connecting to Ps 116:5's portrayal of God.
Alternative generated candidates
- Gracious is the LORD, and righteous; yes, our God is merciful.
- The LORD is gracious and righteous; our God is merciful.
Psa.116.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- שמר: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- פתאים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- דלותי: NOUN,f,sg,abs,1,sg
- ולי: CONJ+PREP+PRON,1,sg
- יהושיע: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 145:14 (verbal): God 'upholds' those who are falling—language and idea parallel to Yahweh preserving or keeping the simple/lowly (preserve/save the afflicted).
- Psalm 34:18 (thematic): Yahweh's nearness to the brokenhearted and his rescue of the crushed in spirit echoes the psalmist's claim that the LORD preserves the simple and saved him when he was brought low.
- Psalm 41:3 (thematic): The LORD sustains and preserves the afflicted on their sickbed—similar theme of God protecting and helping the lowly or needy in distress.
- Psalm 72:12-13 (thematic): Describes God (and the king who represents him) delivering the needy and having pity on the weak—parallels the concern for and rescue of the lowly/simple.
- Psalm 9:9 (thematic): The LORD as a stronghold for the oppressed resonates with the idea that God preserves and helps those who are lowly or helpless.
Alternative generated candidates
- The LORD preserves the simple; when I was brought low, he saved me.
- The LORD preserves the simple; I was brought low, and he saved me.
Psa.116.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- שובי: VERB,qal,imp,2,f,sg
- נפשי: NOUN,f,sg,abs+1cs
- למנוחיכי: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs+PRON,2,f,sg
- כי: CONJ
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- גמל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עליכי: PREP+PRON,2,f,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 23:2-3 (verbal): ’He restoreth my soul’ and ‘leadeth me’ echo the language of a soul’s return to rest and God’s restorative care paralleling ‘Return, O my soul, to your rest; for the LORD hath dealt bountifully with thee.’
- Psalm 4:8 (thematic): ’I will both lay me down in peace... for thou, LORD, makest me dwell in safety’ shares the theme of peaceful repose grounded in trust in the LORD, like Ps 116:7’s appeal for the soul to return to rest because God has been kind.
- Psalm 131:2 (thematic): ’I have quieted and stilled my soul’ expresses the same inner calm and trust that Ps 116:7 invokes when calling the soul back to rest in the LORD’s goodness.
- Isaiah 26:3 (thematic): ’Thou wilt keep him in perfect peace, whose mind is stayed on thee’ parallels the idea that trust in Yahweh results in peace/rest for the soul, as Ps 116:7 attributes rest to the LORD’s gracious dealing.
- Matthew 11:28-29 (thematic): Jesus’ invitation ‘Come unto me... and I will give you rest’ echoes the biblical motif found in Ps 116:7 of God as the source of rest for the weary soul because of his sustaining kindness.
Alternative generated candidates
- Return, O my soul, to your rest, for the LORD has dealt bountifully with you.
- Return, O my soul, to your rest, for the LORD has dealt bountifully with you.
Psa.116.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- חלצת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- נפשי: NOUN,f,sg,abs+1cs
- ממות: PREP,NOUN,m,sg,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- עיני: NOUN,f,pl,cons+1s
- מן: PREP
- דמעה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- את: PRT,acc
- רגלי: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- מדחי: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Ps.56:13 (verbal): Almost identical wording: both speak of God delivering the speaker 'from death' and rescuing their feet from falling (Hebrew/MT parallels the same phrases).
- Ps.30:3 (verbal): Declaration of rescue from Sheol/'brought up my soul from Sheol' and restoration to life, echoing the motif of deliverance from death in Ps.116:8.
- Jonah 2:6-7 (thematic): Jonah gives thanksgiving for being raised from the 'pit' and rescued from death—parallel motif of being delivered from death/the depths and responding in praise.
- Isa.38:17 (thematic): Hezekiah credits God with delivering his life from the grave/pit—similar language of rescue from death and a grateful response.
- Ps.126:5 (thematic): Speaks of a reversal from tears to joy ('those who sow in tears shall reap with shouts of joy'), resonating with Ps.116:8's 'my eyes from tears' motif of deliverance bringing consolation.
Alternative generated candidates
- For you have delivered my soul from death, my eyes from tears, my feet from falling.
- For you have delivered my soul from death, my eyes from tears, my feet from stumbling.
Psa.116.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אתהלך: VERB,qal,imprf,1,_,sg
- לפני: PREP
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בארצות: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- החיים: NOUN,m,pl,def
Parallels
- Ps.118:17 (verbal): “I shall not die, but live” echoes Ps.116:9’s affirmation of walking before the LORD in the land of the living—both celebrate survival/deliverance so the psalmist may live to praise God.
- Ps.27:13 (thematic): “to see the goodness of the LORD in the land of the living” shares the exact phrase and the hope/assurance of experiencing God’s goodness among the living, paralleling Ps.116:9’s life‑affirming profession.
- Gen.17:1 (verbal): God’s command to Abraham to “walk before me” uses the same verb and image of walking in God’s presence, connecting the posture of faithful life described in Ps.116:9.
- Ps.16:9-10 (thematic): Affirms deliverance from Sheol and confidence that God preserves life (will not abandon the soul to the grave), thematically resonant with Ps.116:9’s proclamation of living before the LORD.
Alternative generated candidates
- I will walk before the LORD in the land of the living.
- I will walk before the LORD in the land of the living.
Psa.116.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- האמנתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,?,sg
- כי: CONJ
- אדבר: VERB,qal,impf,1,sg
- אני: PRON,1,sg
- עניתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- מאד: ADV
Parallels
- Psalm 27:13 (thematic): Shares the language of trusting/ believing in the LORD amid peril: 'I had fainted unless I had believed to see the goodness of the LORD,' echoing the confidence expressed in Ps.116:10 despite distress.
- Psalm 40:1-3 (structural): Describes waiting on/ trusting God, deliverance from a 'pit,' and the placing of a new song in the mouth—parallels Ps.116:10's sequence of faith, speech (praise/testimony), and relief from affliction.
- Psalm 22:22-25 (thematic): After experiencing suffering the speaker proclaims God’s name to the assembly—similar movement in Ps.116:10 from affliction to spoken testimony/thanksgiving.
- Isaiah 38:9-20 (thematic): Hezekiah’s song after grave illness moves from anguish to confession and praise; like Ps.116:10 it links severe affliction with subsequent testimony and trust in God’s deliverance.
- Romans 4:18-21 (allusion): Paul’s reflection on Abraham’s faith 'against hope' parallels the motif of believing in God amid dire circumstances—an NT theological parallel to the trust affirmed in Ps.116:10.
Alternative generated candidates
- I believed, even when I said, “I am greatly afflicted.”
- I believed, therefore I said, "I am greatly afflicted."
Psa.116.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אני: PRON,1,sg
- אמרתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,com,sg
- בחפזי: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs,poss,1,sg
- כל: DET
- האדם: NOUN,m,sg,def
- כזב: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Romans 3:4 (quotation): Paul explicitly cites the paradox 'Let God be true, and every man a liar,' echoing the psalmist's statement that all people are liars (direct citation/use of the same line).
- Psalm 62:9 (verbal): Uses similar language about people being 'a lie' or 'a delusion,' contrasting human unreliability with trust in God (verbal and thematic affinity).
- Ecclesiastes 7:20 (thematic): Affirms the universal failure of humans ('there is not a righteous man on earth'), thematically supporting the psalmist's sweeping distrust of mankind's truthfulness.},{
Alternative generated candidates
- I said in my haste, “All mankind are liars.”
- I said in my haste, "All men are liars."
Psa.116.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- מה: PRON,int
- אשיב: VERB,hiphil,impf,1,sg
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- כל: DET
- תגמולוהי: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- עלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 116:17 (structural): Direct continuation within the same psalm: the question 'What shall I render…?' is answered by offering 'the sacrifice of thanksgiving.'
- Psalm 50:14-15 (verbal): Commands offering 'a sacrifice of thanksgiving' and fulfilling vows to God—language and cultic response parallel the psalmist’s question about how to repay the LORD.
- Psalm 107:21-22 (verbal): Calls for giving thanks for the LORD’s steadfast love and for offering 'sacrifices of thanksgiving,' echoing the thanksgiving-response motif of Ps 116:12.
- Hebrews 13:15 (allusion): New Testament reworking of the sacrificial-thanksgiving idea—urges continual 'sacrifice of praise' as the appropriate response to God's acts, paralleling the psalmist’s concern.
- Romans 12:1 (thematic): Paul exhorts believers to present themselves as a 'living sacrifice' in response to God’s mercy—a thematic parallel to the question of what one should render to God for his benefits.
Alternative generated candidates
- What shall I render to the LORD for all his benefits to me?
- What shall I render to the LORD for all his benefits toward me?
Psa.116.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כוס: NOUN,f,sg,cstr
- ישועות: NOUN,f,pl,abs
- אשא: VERB,qal,impf,1,sg
- ובשם: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אקרא: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
Parallels
- Romans 10:13 (quotation): Echoes Joel and Psalm language: 'For everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved,' linking 'call upon the name of the LORD' with salvation.
- Joel 2:32 (quotation): The prophetic source of the formula 'everyone who calls on the name of the LORD shall be saved,' which undergirds the psalm's coupling of calling on God's name and deliverance.
- Psalm 23:5 (thematic): Uses cup imagery as a sign of blessing and God's provision ('my cup overflows'), thematically related to lifting 'the cup of salvation' as an expression of thanksgiving.
- Isaiah 51:17 (allusion): Uses the 'cup' motif in a contrasting way ('you have drunk... the cup of his wrath'), highlighting how the cup image in Scripture can denote either judgment or salvation.
- 1 Corinthians 10:16 (thematic): Speaks of 'the cup of blessing' in the Lord's supper, connecting the cup-image to covenantal blessing and participation in Christ—resonant with 'cup of salvation.'
Alternative generated candidates
- I will lift up the cup of salvation and call on the name of the LORD.
- I will lift up the cup of salvation and call on the name of the LORD.
Psa.116.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- נדרי: NOUN,m,pl,abs+1cs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשלם: VERB,qal,impf,1,comm,sg
- נגדה: PREP+PRON,3,f,sg
- נא: PART
- לכל: PREP
- עמו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Ps.50:14-15 (verbal): Explicitly calls for offering a 'sacrifice of thanksgiving' and to 'pay your vows to the Most High,' echoing the language of fulfilling vows to Yahweh.
- Ps.66:13-15 (verbal): The psalmist declares he will bring offerings and 'pay my vows' in God's house—parallel wording and the public/communal setting of vow-fulfillment.
- Ps.22:25 (verbal): 'My praise shall be of You in the great congregation; my vows I will perform' closely mirrors the motif and phrasing of performing vows publicly for God's people.
- Deut.23:21-23 (thematic): Legal instruction to fulfill vows made to the LORD without delay provides covenantal background for the psalm's commitment to pay vows.
- Eccles.5:4-5 (thematic): Warns that vows made to God must be kept and that breaking them brings guilt—the ethical/theological rationale underlying the psalmist's vow-fulfillment.
Alternative generated candidates
- I will pay my vows to the LORD, yes, in the presence of all his people.
- I will pay my vows to the LORD before all his people.
Psa.116.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יקר: ADJ,m,sg,abs
- בעיני: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- המותה: NOUN,m,sg,def
- לחסידיו: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs+3mp
Parallels
- Revelation 14:13 (allusion): “Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord” echoes the valuation of the death of God’s people—both passages affirm that the death of the faithful is honored and blessed in God’s perspective.
- Revelation 6:9-11 (thematic): The martyrs under the altar are presented as having died for their faith and are vindicated by God—this scene thematically affirms that God regards the death of his saints as significant and precious.
- Acts 7:59-60 (thematic): Stephen’s prayer and witness at his execution exemplify a saintly death offered up before God; his martyrdom reflects the Psalm’s affirmation that the death of the faithful is notable and pleasing to God.
- Philippians 1:21-23 (thematic): Paul’s statement that to die is gain and that to depart is to be with Christ resonates with the Psalm’s valuation of the death of God’s people—both present death as a desirable/meaningful passage for the believer.
- Psalm 73:24 (thematic): The psalmist’s trust that God will guide and receive him into glory complements Psalm 116:15’s idea that God regards and effects the final destiny of the righteous—death is a reception by God of his people.
Alternative generated candidates
- Precious in the sight of the LORD is the death of his saints.
- Precious in the sight of the LORD is the death of his saints.
Psa.116.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אנה: ADV,interrog
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- אני: PRON,1,sg
- עבדך: NOUN,m,sg,abs,2,ms
- א: PRT
- ני: PRON,1,sg,clitic
- עבדך: NOUN,m,sg,abs,2,ms
- בן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אמתך: NOUN,f,sg,abs+2,m,sg
- פתחת: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- למוסרי: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,cons+1,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 119:125 (verbal): Both verses use the first-person self-identification 'I am your servant' (עבדך), expressing a dependent, covenantal relationship and requesting God's guidance or help.
- Isaiah 49:3 (thematic): Isaiah's oracle declares 'You are my servant' (עַבְדִּי/עבד), echoing the servant identity language and the theme of one who belongs to YHWH and carries a vocation or personal trust in him.
- Luke 1:38 (allusion): Mary's declaration 'Behold the servant/slave of the Lord' (πράξου δούλη—'handmaid/servant') parallels the 'son of your maidservant' motif, reflecting humble submission to God's will and the 'handmaid/servant' vocabulary.
- Psalm 40:2 (thematic): Psalm 40:2 speaks of being lifted from a pit and set on a rock—paralleling Ps 116:16's closely related theme of rescue and 'loosing bonds' (release from distress and deliverance by YHWH).
Alternative generated candidates
- O LORD, truly I am your servant; I am your servant, the son of your maidservant; you have loosed my bonds.
- O LORD, for I am your servant; I am your servant, the son of your maidservant; you have loosed my bonds.
Psa.116.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לך: PRON,2,m,sg
- אזבח: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
- זבח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- תודה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ובשם: CONJ+PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- אקרא: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 50:14-15 (verbal): Calls for offering to God a ‘sacrifice of thanksgiving’ and for calling on the LORD—language and ideas very close to Ps 116:17.
- Jonah 2:9 (verbal): Jonah’s vow: 'I will sacrifice unto thee with the voice of thanksgiving' — an explicit use of the 'sacrifice/thanksgiving' motif.
- Psalm 107:22 (verbal): ‘Let them sacrifice the sacrifices of thanksgiving’—uses the same formula of a thanksgiving-sacrifice in response to deliverance.
- Hebrews 13:15 (allusion): Urges believers to 'offer the sacrifice of praise/thanksgiving' (the fruit of lips) — New Testament appropriation of the OT thanksgiving-sacrifice theme.
- Romans 10:13 (thematic): ‘For everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved’ — reflects the recurrent biblical theme of calling on the LORD (as in Ps 116:17) connected with deliverance and response.
Alternative generated candidates
- I will offer to you the sacrifice of thanksgiving and call on the name of the LORD.
- I will offer to you the sacrifice of thanksgiving and call upon the name of the LORD.
Psa.116.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- נדרי: NOUN,m,pl,abs+1cs
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- אשלם: VERB,qal,impf,1,comm,sg
- נגדה: PREP+PRON,3,ms,sg
- נא: PART
- לכל: PREP
- עמו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 116:14 (structural): Immediate parallel within the same psalm—repeats the resolve to 'pay' or 'perform' vows to the LORD (commitment to give thanks and offer).
- Psalm 66:13-15 (verbal): Uses similar wording and imagery: entering God's house with burnt offerings and performing vows; closely parallels the language of fulfilling vows to the LORD before the people.
- Jonah 2:9 (verbal): Jonah's pledge 'that which I have vowed I will pay' (often rendered 'I will sacrifice ... and pay what I have vowed') echoes the exact idea and phrasing of fulfilling vows to God.
- 1 Samuel 1:24 (thematic): Hannah's action in presenting her son to the LORD to fulfill a vow parallels the theme of paying vows to God publicly and sacrificially.
Alternative generated candidates
- I will pay my vows to the LORD, yes, in the presence of all his people,
- I will pay my vows to the LORD before all his people,
Psa.116.19 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- בחצרות: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- בתוככי: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ירושלם: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- הללו: VERB,piel,impv,2,m,pl
- יה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 100:4 (verbal): Shares the language and idea of entering/being in God's courts with praise: "Enter his gates with thanksgiving, and his courts with praise."
- Psalm 84:4 (Heb. 84:5) (thematic): Expresses the blessedness of dwelling in the house/courts of the LORD and praising him—paralleling presence in God's house and worship.
- Zechariah 8:3 (verbal): Uses the same locational formula—God (or God’s presence) dwelling "in the midst of Jerusalem," echoing the Psalm's setting within Jerusalem's temple courts.
- Psalm 122:1-2 (structural): Connects the pilgrimage/joy of going to the house of the LORD and standing within Jerusalem's gates—both emphasize worship centered in Jerusalem and the temple precincts.
Alternative generated candidates
- in the courts of the house of the LORD, in the midst of you, O Jerusalem. Hallelujah!
- in the courts of the house of the LORD, in the midst of you, O Jerusalem. Praise the LORD.
Psa.117.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- הללו: VERB,piel,impv,2,m,pl
- את: PRT,acc
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- כל: DET
- גוים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- שבחוהו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl,obj=3,sg
- כל: DET
- האמים: NOUN,m,pl,def
Parallels
- Romans 15:11 (quotation): Paul explicitly cites the line from Psalm 117 (LXX/OT citation): 'Praise the Lord, all you Gentiles; and let all the peoples praise him,' using it to affirm Gentile inclusion in praise.
- Psalm 67:3-4 (verbal): Closely parallels the language and petition of Psalm 117: 'Let the peoples praise you, O God; let all the peoples praise you,' calling all nations to praise Yahweh.
- Psalm 96:3-4 (verbal): Calls to 'declare his glory among the nations' and to praise the LORD among all peoples, echoing the universal summons found in Psalm 117:1.
- Revelation 7:9 (thematic): The vision of a multitude from every nation, tribe, people, and language worshiping before the Lamb reflects the fulfillment of the call for all nations to extol the Lord.
- Isaiah 49:6 (allusion): The servant's commission to be 'a light for the nations' so that God's salvation reaches the ends of the earth resonates with Psalm 117's universal summons for all peoples to praise Yahweh.
Alternative generated candidates
- Praise the LORD, all nations; exalt him, all peoples!
- Praise the LORD, all nations; laud him, all peoples.
Psa.117.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כי: CONJ
- גבר: NOUN,m,sg,prop
- עלינו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
- חסדו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
- ואמת: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- לעולם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- הללו: VERB,piel,impv,2,m,pl
- יה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 117:1 (structural): The immediate parallel within the same short psalm: v.1 summons all peoples to praise, and v.2 gives the reason—God's steadfast love and truth endure forever.
- Psalm 100:5 (verbal): Uses nearly identical language—'his mercy/enduring love and his truth/faithfulness endure to all generations'—giving the same reason for praise.
- Psalm 136 (verbal): The repeated refrain 'for his steadfast love endures forever' echoes Ps 117:2's emphasis on God's enduring chesed as the basis for thanksgiving.
- Exodus 34:6-7 (allusion): God's self-declaration of mercy, grace and truth provides the theological foundation for Psalm 117:2's claim that God's lovingkindness and truth prevail forever.
- 1 Chronicles 16:34 (thematic): A liturgical thanksgiving formula ('Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good; his mercy endures forever') that parallels Ps 117:2 in linking praise to God's everlasting mercy.
Alternative generated candidates
- For great is his steadfast love toward us, and the faithfulness of the LORD endures forever. Hallelujah!
- For his steadfast love toward us is great, and the faithfulness of the LORD endures forever. Praise the LORD.
Psa.118.1 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- הודו: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,pl
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- כי: CONJ
- טוב: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- כי: CONJ
- לעולם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חסדו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
Parallels
- Psalm 118:29 (structural): Identical wording repeated as the psalm's closing line—serves as a bookend, framing the entire psalm with the same thanksgiving formula.
- Psalm 136:1 (verbal): Shares the exact refrain 'for his steadfast love endures forever' (ki l'olam chasdo); Psalm 136 repeats this liturgical line in every verse.
- 1 Chronicles 16:34 (quotation): David's thanksgiving song uses the same formula ('Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good; for his steadfast love endures forever'), reflecting the liturgical tradition behind Psalm 118:1.
- Psalm 107:1 (verbal): Closely parallels the wording and theme—an opening call to give thanks to the LORD because of his enduring steadfast love.
- Psalm 106:1 (verbal): Another psalm that begins with the same thanksgiving formula, emphasizing God's goodness and everlasting steadfast love; shows the common liturgical refrain in the Psalter.
Alternative generated candidates
- Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good; for his steadfast love endures forever.
- Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good; for his steadfast love endures forever.
Psa.118.2 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יאמר: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- נא: PART
- ישראל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- לעולם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חסדו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
Parallels
- Psalm 136:1 (quotation): Exactly repeats the refrain: 'Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good, for his steadfast love endures forever.' (the recurring liturgical refrain in Psalm 136).
- 1 Chronicles 16:34 (quotation): Uses the same thanksgiving formula in David's liturgical blessing: 'Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good; for his steadfast love endures forever.' — a direct reuse of the psalmic line.
- Psalm 107:1 (quotation): Echoes the identical call to thanksgiving and the declaration of God's enduring steadfast love: 'Oh give thanks to the LORD, for he is good, for his steadfast love endures forever.'
- Psalm 100:5 (verbal): Closely related wording and theme: 'For the LORD is good; his steadfast love endures forever, and his faithfulness to all generations,' linking God's goodness with everlasting hesed.
- Deuteronomy 7:9 (thematic): Theological parallel: affirms God's faithfulness and covenantal steadfast love (hesed) toward those who love and keep his commandments, resonating with the psalm's emphasis on God's enduring love.
Alternative generated candidates
- Let Israel say, “His steadfast love endures forever.”
- Let Israel say, "His steadfast love endures forever."
Psa.118.3 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יאמרו: VERB,qal,imprf,3,m,pl
- נא: PART
- בית: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אהרן: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- לעולם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חסדו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
Parallels
- Psalm 118:2 (verbal): Same liturgical formula addressed to a community—‘Let the house of Israel say, “His steadfast love endures forever”’—parallel wording and refrain within the same psalm.
- Psalm 118:29 (verbal): Identical refrain—‘Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good; for his steadfast love endures forever’—the closing doxology of the psalm repeats the same language.
- Psalm 136:1 (structural): Begins the long litany with the same line (‘Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good; for his steadfast love endures forever’) and repeats it after each stanza, showing the phrase’s central liturgical role.
- 1 Chronicles 16:34 (quotation): David’s thanksgiving formula echoes the same clause (‘Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good; for his steadfast love endures forever’) as part of a public temple-song—linking royal/temple worship to the psalmic refrain.
- Ezra 3:11 (allusion): At the dedication of the rebuilt altar the people sing and give thanks with the same line (‘For he is good, for his steadfast love endures forever’), reflecting the phrase’s use in postexilic communal worship.
Alternative generated candidates
- Let the house of Aaron say, “His steadfast love endures forever.”
- Let the house of Aaron say, "His steadfast love endures forever."
Psa.118.4 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יאמרו: VERB,qal,imprf,3,m,pl
- נא: PART
- יראי: NOUN,m,pl,cons
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- לעולם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חסדו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
Parallels
- Psalm 118:1 (verbal): Shares the exact refrain — 'his steadfast love endures forever' (Heb. כִּי לְעוֹלָם חַסְדּוֹ) and opens the same psalm with a call to thanksgiving.
- Psalm 118:29 (structural): Closely parallels and repeats the same doxological line at the close of the psalm, framing 118 with the identical confession of God's enduring steadfast love.
- Psalm 136:1 (verbal): Begins a psalm that repeatedly uses the formula 'for his steadfast love endures forever' in every verse, echoing and amplifying the refrain found in Ps 118:4.
- Psalm 100:5 (thematic): Declares 'For the LORD is good; his steadfast love endures forever,' combining the themes of God's goodness and everlasting steadfast love addressed to those who worship him.
- Psalm 103:17 (thematic): Speaks of the LORD's steadfast love as 'from everlasting to everlasting' for those who fear him, thematically connecting God's enduring covenantal mercy with the fear-of-the-LORD motif in Ps 118:4.
Alternative generated candidates
- Let those who fear the LORD say, “His steadfast love endures forever.”
- Let those who fear the LORD say, "His steadfast love endures forever."
Psa.118.5 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- מן: PREP
- המצר: NOUN,m,sg,def
- קראתי: VERB,qal,perf,1,_,sg
- יה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ענני: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- במרחב: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 18:6 (verbal): Both verses use nearly identical language: calling/cried to the LORD in distress and being heard—Psalm 18:6 explicitly says God heard and answered the cry out of distress, paralleling 'I called from the narrow place; the LORD answered me with a broad place.'
- Jonah 2:2 (verbal): Jonah's prayer: 'I called out to the LORD out of my distress, and he answered me' closely echoes the motif and wording of calling from a narrow/urgent situation and receiving divine response and deliverance.
- Psalm 34:6 (thematic): This verse describes a needy person crying to the LORD and being heard and delivered—matching Psalm 118:5's theme of call in distress and God's rescuing response (from 'narrow place' to relief).
- Psalm 107:13-14 (thematic): Here those in distress 'cried to the LORD, and he saved them... brought them out of darkness and broke their bonds,' paralleling the movement from confinement/trouble to a 'broad place' of deliverance in Psalm 118:5.
- Psalm 77:2 (thematic): The psalmist's seeking/calling to the LORD 'in the day of my trouble' resonates with Psalm 118:5's initial cry from a narrow plight, highlighting the common liturgical theme of invoking God amid distress.
Alternative generated candidates
- Out of my distress I called on the LORD; the LORD answered me and set me in a broad place.
- From my distress I called on the LORD; the LORD answered me and set me in a broad place.
Psa.118.6 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- לא: PART_NEG
- אירא: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
- מה: PRON,int
- יעשה: VERB,qal,imperfect,3,m,sg
- לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- אדם: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Hebrews 13:6 (quotation): Quotes Psalm 118:6 almost verbatim in the New Testament: 'The Lord is my helper; I will not be afraid. What can man do to me?,' using it to encourage confidence in God.
- Psalm 56:4 (verbal): Uses essentially the same wording and thought: 'In God I trust; I shall not be afraid. What can man do to me?' — a direct verbal parallel within the Psalter.
- Psalm 27:1 (thematic): Expresses the same confidence in God and rhetorical challenge to fear: 'The LORD is my light and my salvation; whom shall I fear? ... of whom shall I be afraid?,' sharing the theme of trust over fear of people.
- Romans 8:31 (thematic): Echoes the idea of divine support removing human threat: 'If God is for us, who can be against us?,' paralleling 'The LORD is for me; what can man do to me?.'
- Isaiah 41:10 (thematic): God's reassurance 'Fear not, for I am with you' parallels the psalmist's confidence that, with the LORD on his side, there is no need to fear what people can do.
Alternative generated candidates
- The LORD is for me; I will not fear; what can man do to me?
- The LORD is for me; I will not fear. What can man do to me?
Psa.118.7 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- בעזרי: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs+PRON,1,sg
- ואני: PRON,1,sg
- אראה: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
- בשנאי: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs+PRON,1,sg
Parallels
- Ps.118.6 (structural): Immediate parallel in the same psalm: both verses assert Yahweh's presence as helper and the psalmist's resulting confidence toward enemies.
- Hebrews 13:6 (quotation): Direct New Testament quotation/allusion of the psalm's confession (‘The Lord is my helper; I will not fear’), echoing trust in God against human opponents.
- Rom.8:31 (verbal): Paul's rhetorical claim ‘If God is for us, who can be against us?’ parallels the psalmist's claim that Yahweh is on his side against adversaries.
- Isaiah 41:10 (thematic): God's promise ‘Fear not... I will help you’ resonates with the psalmist's confidence in divine help in the face of enemies.
- Deuteronomy 31:6 (thematic): Moses' charge of courage and assurance that the LORD will not forsake his people corresponds to the psalmist's reliance on Yahweh as helper against foes.
Alternative generated candidates
- The LORD is for me among those who help me; therefore I shall see my desire on those who hate me.
- The LORD is for me among those who help me; I will look upon those who hate me.
Psa.118.8 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- טוב: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- לחסות: PREP+VERB,qal,inf
- ביהוה: PREP+PN,sg
- מבטח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- באדם: PREP
Parallels
- Psalm 118:9 (structural): Immediate parallel within the same psalm reiterating that it is better to take refuge in Yahweh than to rely on people/princes.
- Jeremiah 17:5-8 (verbal): Direct verbal and thematic contrast: 'Cursed is the man who trusts in man' vs. 'Blessed is the man who trusts in the LORD,' highlighting trust in God over trust in humans.
- Isaiah 2:22 (verbal): Explicit admonition to stop trusting in mere mortals ('put no more trust in man'), echoing the warning against human reliance found in Ps 118:8.
- Proverbs 3:5 (thematic): Calls to trust in the LORD rather than relying on human understanding—same fundamental theme of divine vs. human trust.
- Micah 7:5-7 (thematic): Urges distrust of neighbors and friends while declaring faith in the LORD ('as for me, I will look to the Lord'), contrasting human failure with reliance on God.
Alternative generated candidates
- It is better to take refuge in the LORD than to trust in man.
- It is better to take refuge in the LORD than to trust in man.
Psa.118.9 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- טוב: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- לחסות: VERB,qal,inf,NA,NA,NA
- ביהוה: PREP+PN,sg
- מבטח: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בנדיבים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 118:8 (structural): Immediate parallel within the same psalm—both verses contrast taking refuge in Yahweh with trusting in humans/princes, forming a paired refrain.
- Jeremiah 17:5 (verbal): Uses near-identical language condemning trust in man ('Cursed is the man who trusts in man')—a direct verbal contrast to trusting in the LORD.
- Psalm 146:3 (verbal): Explicitly warns against putting trust in princes or mortals, echoing the Psalm 118 contrast between reliance on God and reliance on human leaders.
- Isaiah 2:22 (verbal): Commands people to stop trusting in mere mortals, reflecting the same admonition to prefer reliance on God rather than on humans.
- Proverbs 3:5 (thematic): Calls for trust in the Lord rather than in one's own understanding—thematically aligned with Psalm 118:9's emphasis on God's superiority as the proper object of trust.
Alternative generated candidates
- It is better to take refuge in the LORD than to trust in princes.
- It is better to take refuge in the LORD than to trust in princes.
Psa.118.10 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- כל: DET
- גוים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- סבבוני: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- בשם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- אמילם: VERB,qal,impf,1,sg,obj:3,m,pl
Parallels
- Ps.118:12 (verbal): Immediate continuation in the same psalm describing how surrounding nations attacked (‘they surrounded me like bees’), echoing the imagery of being encircled and then judged.
- Ps.2:1 (thematic): Addresses hostile nations and peoples conspiring against God and his anointed, paralleling the motif of nations rising up against the LORD’s defender.
- Exod.15:3 (verbal): Declares the LORD as a warrior (‘The LORD is a man of war’), connecting the idea of victory achieved in the name of the LORD.
- 2 Chr.20:15–17 (thematic): Jehoshaphat’s deliverance when God fights for his people and their enemies are routed, echoing the theme of nations being defeated through God’s intervention.
- Isa.41:11–12 (allusion): Promises that those who oppose God’s people will be put to shame and driven away, thematically paralleling the defeat of surrounding nations.
Alternative generated candidates
- All the nations surrounded me; in the name of the LORD I cut them off.
- All nations surrounded me; in the name of the LORD I cut them off.
Psa.118.11 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- סבוני: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- גם: ADV
- סבבוני: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- בשם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- אמילם: VERB,qal,impf,1,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 118:10 (verbal): Uses the same verb of surrounding/encompassing and the same context of enemies encircling the speaker; closely parallel within the same psalm.
- Psalm 118:12 (verbal): Parallel wording: enemies compassing the psalmist and the formula 'for/in the name of the LORD I will...' describing repelling or destroying them.
- Psalm 3:6 (thematic): Speaks of enemies 'set themselves against me round about' and the psalmist's confidence in God's protection in the face of surrounding foes.
- Psalm 124:2-5 (thematic): Describes being surrounded and nearly overwhelmed by enemies or disaster but rescued because the LORD intervened—theme of deliverance from encirclement.
- Deuteronomy 20:4 (thematic): Affirms that the LORD fights for his people against their enemies—parallels the reliance on the name/presence of Yahweh to repel surrounding foes.
Alternative generated candidates
- They surrounded me; yes, they surrounded me; in the name of the LORD I cut them off.
- They surrounded me; yes, they surrounded me; in the name of the LORD I cut them off.
Psa.118.12 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- סבוני: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- כדבורים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- דעכו: VERB,qal,perf,3,mp
- כאש: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- קוצים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- בשם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- כי: CONJ
- אמילם: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
Parallels
- Exodus 23:28 (verbal): God promises to send 'hornets' before Israel to drive out enemies — similar use of stinging insects as instruments of divine action against foes.
- Isaiah 7:18-20 (thematic): God's coming is pictured with the summoning of flies/bees and the gathering of hostile forces like swarming insects — parallels the bee/swarm imagery of being beset by enemies.
- Judges 7:12 (thematic): The Midianite camp is compared to locusts in their multitude and noise — another instance of enemy forces described as swarming insects.
- Psalm 22:16-18 (thematic): The psalmist describes being surrounded and attacked by hostile groups ('a company of evildoers encircle me'), echoing the motif of being beset by enemies and seeking divine deliverance.
- Psalm 18:37-41 (thematic): David recounts pursuing and cutting off his enemies through the LORD's help — parallels the declaration 'in the name of the LORD I cut them off' (divine-aided deliverance of foes).
Alternative generated candidates
- They surrounded me like bees; they were quenched like a burning thistle; in the name of the LORD I cut them off.
- They surrounded me like bees; they were quenched like a fire of thorns; in the name of the LORD I cut them off.
Psa.118.13 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- דחה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- דחיתני: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- לנפל: PREP+VERB,qal,inf
- ויהוה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- עזרני: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg,obj:1,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 94:18-19 (verbal): Both verses speak of the psalmist's slipping or being brought low and the LORD's mercy/help that holds him up—close verbal and thematic overlap ('my foot slipped' / 'you thrust me that I might fall' and 'the LORD helped/held me up').
- Proverbs 24:16 (thematic): Expresses the theme of righteous persons falling yet being restored: 'a righteous man falls seven times and rises again,' resonating with the idea of divine help after a fall.
- Isaiah 41:10 (verbal): God's promise to strengthen and uphold ('I will uphold you with my righteous right hand') parallels the psalm's affirmation that the LORD provides the help that prevents or remedies a fall.
- Psalm 121:3-4 (verbal): Assures that the LORD will not let the foot be moved and watches over his people—a close verbal/thematic parallel to divine protection from falling and the LORD's sustaining help.
- Psalm 40:2 (thematic): Describes rescue from a pit and being set on a rock—another image of divine deliverance and support after peril, thematically akin to being helped when thrust toward a fall.
Alternative generated candidates
- You thrust me hard that I might fall, but the LORD helped me.
- You thrust hard at me that I might fall, but the LORD helped me.
Psa.118.14 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- עזי: NOUN,m,sg,abs,1cs
- וזמרת: NOUN,f,sg,abs,1cs
- יה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ויהי: VERB,qal,wayyiqtol,3,m,sg
- לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- לישועה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Exodus 15:2 (quotation): Almost identical wording in the Song of Moses: 'The LORD is my strength and song, and He has become my salvation'—Psalm 118.14 echoes this Exodus proclamation.
- Isaiah 12:2 (verbal): Verbal echo: 'Behold, God is my salvation... the LORD, the LORD, is my strength and song; and has become my salvation,' closely reflecting the language and theme of Psalm 118:14.
- Habakkuk 3:18-19 (verbal): Habakkuk combines the motifs of rejoicing in God as 'the God of my salvation' and the LORD as 'my strength,' paralleling the language and theological emphasis of Psalm 118:14.
- Psalm 27:1 (thematic): Shares the theme of divine help and deliverance—'The LORD is my light and my salvation; whom shall I fear? The LORD is the strength of my life'—connecting salvation and divine strength as in Psalm 118:14.
Alternative generated candidates
- The LORD is my strength and my song; he has become my salvation.
- The LORD is my strength and my song; he has become my salvation.
Psa.118.15 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- קול: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- רנה: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- וישועה: CONJ+NOUN,f,sg,abs
- באהלי: PREP+NOUN,pl,m,cons
- צדיקים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ימין: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- חיל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 98:4-6 (thematic): Calls for a joyful noise and singing to the LORD for his salvation and victory—parallel theme of rejoicing and divine deliverance in the community of the righteous.
- Isaiah 52:7 (thematic): Proclaims the bringing of good tidings and publication of salvation—echoes the announcement of salvation and rejoicing associated with God's saving acts.
- Exodus 15:6 (verbal): Song of Moses celebrates the LORD's right hand doing mighty deeds ('Thy right hand, O LORD, is become glorious in power'), paralleling the image of Yahweh's valorous right hand in Ps 118:15.
- Psalm 20:6 (verbal): Speaks of the saving strength/right hand of the LORD that saves the anointed—connects the motif of salvation with the powerful right hand of God found in Ps 118:15.
- Isaiah 12:6 (thematic): Calls for shouting and singing for the great salvation of the LORD in Zion—reflects the communal rejoicing and proclamation of salvation present in Ps 118:15.
Alternative generated candidates
- Glad songs of victory are in the tents of the righteous: “The right hand of the LORD does valiantly!”
- The sound of rejoicing and salvation is in the tents of the righteous: "The right hand of the LORD does valiantly!"
Psa.118.16 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ימין: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- רוממה: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- ימין: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- חיל: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Exodus 15:6 (verbal): Both verses celebrate 'the right hand of the LORD' as glorious in power and victorious—Exod 15:6 speaks of the Lord's right hand shattering the enemy, echoing Ps 118:16's depiction of divine might.
- Psalm 20:6 (verbal): Uses similar language of the 'saving power' or 'might' of God's right hand; links the right hand with deliverance and effective action as in Ps 118:16.
- Isaiah 41:10 (allusion): Portrays God's 'right hand' as upholding and sustaining—a related image of divine strength and support that complements Ps 118:16's emphasis on the Lord's powerful action.
- Psalm 110:1 (structural): Speaks of sitting at the LORD's right hand, which thematically links to the idea of the right hand as a place/source of exalted authority and power found in Ps 118:16.
- Psalm 44:3 (thematic): Attributes victory and possession to God's right hand (and arm), similarly crediting the Lord's right hand with decisive, victorious action as in Ps 118:16.
Alternative generated candidates
- The right hand of the LORD is exalted; the right hand of the LORD does valiantly!
- The right hand of the LORD is exalted; the right hand of the LORD does valiantly.
Psa.118.17 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- לא: PART_NEG
- אמות: VERB,qal,impf,1,_,sg
- כי: CONJ
- אחיה: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- ואספר: VERB,qal,imperfect,1,c,sg
- מעשי: NOUN,m,pl,const
- יה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- John 11:25 (allusion): Jesus' claim 'I am the resurrection and the life; he who believes in me will live, even though he dies' echoes the Psalm's confidence 'I shall not die but live'—both affirm life over death and proclamation of God's saving acts.
- Ezekiel 37:12-14 (thematic): God's promise to 'open your graves' and bring the dead to life parallels the Psalm's theme of being delivered from death and living to declare the LORD's works.
- Isaiah 38:16-17 (verbal): Hezekiah's thanksgiving—'You restored me to life and kept me from going down to the pit'—uses language very similar to the Psalmist's 'I shall not die, but live,' both thanking God for rescue from death.
- Psalm 30:3 (thematic): Psalm 30:3 ('O LORD, you brought up my soul from Sheol; you restored me to life') shares the theme of deliverance from death and life as cause for praise and testimony.
- Romans 6:9 (thematic): Paul's statement that Christ 'having been raised from the dead will never die again' reflects the victory of life over death announced in Ps 118:17 and the proclamation of God's saving acts.
Alternative generated candidates
- I shall not die, but I shall live, and recount the deeds of the LORD.
- I shall not die, but live, and declare the works of the LORD.
Psa.118.18 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- יסר: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,sg
- יסרני: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg,suff:1cs
- יה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- ולמות: VERB,qal,inf
- לא: PART_NEG
- נתנני: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg,suff:1cs
Parallels
- Job 5:17-18 (thematic): Affirms that God's correction is beneficial: 'Happy is the man whom God correcteth... He maketh sore, and bindeth up,' paralleling divine chastening that ultimately spares or restores life.
- Proverbs 3:11-12 (verbal): Directly addresses the Lord's discipline: 'My son, despise not the chastening of the LORD... for whom the LORD loveth he correcteth,' echoing the Psalm's emphasis on God's corrective action.
- Hebrews 12:5-11 (quotation): New Testament exposition (quoting Proverbs) that interprets divine chastening as fatherly discipline for our good, corresponding to the Psalm's portrayal of severe chastening that does not end in death.
- Psalm 116:8 (thematic): Speaks of deliverance from death: 'For thou hast delivered my soul from death,' resonating with the Psalm's claim that God chastened but did not give over to death.
- Psalm 119:71 (thematic): Reflects the positive outcome of affliction: 'It is good for me that I was afflicted, that I might learn thy statutes,' linking suffering under God's hand with instruction and preservation rather than destruction.
Alternative generated candidates
- The LORD has disciplined me severely, but he has not given me over to death.
- The LORD disciplined me severely, but he did not give me over to death.
Psa.118.19 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- פתחו: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,pl
- לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- שערי: NOUN,m,pl,cstr
- צדק: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- אבא: VERB,qal,impf,1,c,sg
- בם: PREP+PRON,3,m,pl
- אודה: VERB,qal,impf,1,c,sg
- יה: NOUN,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Psalm 118:20 (structural): Immediate continuation: 'This is the gate of the LORD; the righteous shall enter into it' directly completes the request to open the gates and affirms entrance of the righteous.
- Isaiah 26:2 (verbal): Closely parallels language and theme: 'Open ye the gates, that the righteous nation which keepeth the truth may enter in'—a near verbal and thematic echo about gates opening for the righteous.
- Psalm 24:7-10 (thematic): Both passages address gates/doors being raised to admit a holy presence or rightful entrant ('Lift up your heads, O ye gates... that the King of glory may come in'), connecting entrance with divine arrival and vindication.
- Matthew 21:9 (allusion): Jesus' triumphal entry—'Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord'—echoes Psalm 118 (vv. 25–26) and connects the motif of coming/entering through gates with messianic/royal arrival.
Alternative generated candidates
- Open to me the gates of righteousness, that I may enter and give thanks to the LORD.
- Open to me the gates of righteousness; I will enter and give thanks to the LORD.
Psa.118.20 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- זה: PRON,dem,m,sg
- השער: NOUN,m,sg,def
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- צדיקים: NOUN,m,pl,abs
- יבאו: VERB,qal,impf,3,m,pl
- בו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 118:19 (verbal): Immediate context: 'Open to me the gates of righteousness: I will enter into them' — directly echoes the gate/gate-entry language and the righteous entering motif.
- Isaiah 26:2 (verbal): 'Open ye the gates, that the righteous nation which keepeth the truth may enter in' — very close verbal and thematic parallel about gates opened for the righteous.
- Psalm 100:4 (verbal): 'Enter into his gates with thanksgiving' — parallel sacrificial/temple imagery of entering God's gates in worship and thanksgiving.
- John 10:9 (thematic): Jesus as 'the door' through whom one enters (and is saved) — New Testament theological echo of the gate as authorized access to God's presence.
- Hebrews 10:19-20 (structural): Speaks of boldness to enter the holy place through Christ's flesh (the new and living way) — reinterprets temple/gate access language as Christological access to God's presence.
Alternative generated candidates
- This is the gate of the LORD; the righteous shall enter through it.
- This is the gate of the LORD; the righteous shall enter through it.
Psa.118.21 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אודך: VERB,qal,impf,1,sg
- כי: CONJ
- עניתני: VERB,qal,perf,2,m,sg
- ותהי: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- לי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- לישועה: PREP+NOUN,f,sg,abs
Parallels
- Ps.118.14 (verbal): Nearly identical language: 'The LORD is my strength and my song; he also is become my salvation' — same characterization of God as salvation within the psalm.
- Exod.15.2 (verbal): Song of Moses: 'The LORD is my strength and my song; and he is become my salvation' — an earlier source of the phrase echoed in the Psalms.
- Isa.12.2 (verbal): Isaiah repeats the formula ('Behold, God is my salvation... the LORD is my strength and song; he also is become my salvation'), echoing the Exodus/Psalm tradition of God as salvation.
- Ps.118.28 (thematic): Immediate liturgical parallel in the same psalm: thanksgiving and praise ('You are my God, and I will give thanks to You') as the proper response to God's answering and saving action.
Alternative generated candidates
- I thank you that you have answered me and have become my salvation.
- I will give thanks to you, for you have answered me and become my salvation.
Psa.118.22 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אבן: NOUN,f,sg,abs
- מאסו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- הבונים: NOUN,m,pl,def
- היתה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- לראש: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- פנה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Matthew 21:42 (quotation): Jesus directly cites Psalm 118:22–23 in condemning the religious leaders, applying 'the stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone' to himself and the kingdom.
- Mark 12:10–11 (quotation): Mark preserves the same quotation used by Jesus in the parable context, identifying the rejected stone as becoming the cornerstone—a prophecy fulfilled in the Messiah.
- Luke 20:17 (quotation): Luke records Jesus’ citation of Psalm 118:22 in his response to the chief priests, using the image of the rejected stone turned cornerstone to speak of the son sent by God.
- Acts 4:11 (quotation): Peter, preaching after the healing at the Beautiful Gate, explicitly quotes Psalm 118:22 to describe Jesus as 'the stone you builders rejected' that has become the cornerstone of salvation.
- 1 Peter 2:7–8 (quotation): Peter alludes to and cites the Psalm’s language to portray Christ as the precious cornerstone for believers and a stone of stumbling for those who disobey, applying the verse theologically to Christ and the church.
Alternative generated candidates
- The stone that the builders rejected has become the cornerstone.
- The stone the builders rejected has become the chief cornerstone.
Psa.118.23 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- מאת: PREP
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- היתה: VERB,qal,perf,3,f,sg
- זאת: DEM,f,sg
- היא: PRON,dem,3,f,sg
- נפלאת: ADJ,f,sg
- בעינינו: PREP+NOUN,f,pl,abs+PRON,1,pl
Parallels
- Psalm 118:22 (structural): Immediate context: the preceding verse ('The stone the builders rejected...') and v.23 form a paired unit declaring the LORD's action and its marvel, so v.23 completes the thought begun in v.22.
- Matthew 21:42 (quotation): Direct New Testament quotation of Psalm 118:22–23 applied to Jesus as the rejected stone becoming the cornerstone; v.23 ('The Lord has done this; it is marvelous in our eyes') is cited verbatim.
- Mark 12:10–11 (quotation): Mark records the same quotation from Psalm 118:22–23 in Jesus' argument about the rejected stone becoming the cornerstone, explicitly attributing the deed to the Lord as marvelous.
- Acts 4:11 (quotation): Peter cites Psalm 118:22–23 in defense of Jesus, calling him 'the stone that was rejected' and attributing the outcome to the Lord—echoing v.23's claim that this is the LORD's doing.
- 1 Peter 2:7 (allusion): Peter alludes to the 'cornerstone' imagery from Psalm 118:22–23, applying the Psalm's theme to believers' acceptance or rejection of Christ and implying the Lord's sovereign action celebrated in v.23.
Alternative generated candidates
- This is the LORD’s doing; it is marvelous in our eyes.
- This is the LORD's doing; it is marvelous in our eyes.
Psa.118.24 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- זה: PRON,dem,m,sg
- היום: NOUN,m,sg,def
- עשה: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,sg
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- נגילה: VERB,qal,imprf,1,pl
- ונשמחה: VERB,qal,imprf,1,pl
- בו: PREP+PRON,3,m,sg
Parallels
- Psalm 118:23 (structural): Immediately precedes v.24 in the same stanza—'This is the LORD's doing; it is marvelous in our eyes' provides the immediate context for rejoicing in 'this is the day the LORD has made.'
- Psalm 118:26 (verbal): Another line from the same Hallel that is closely connected liturgically and thematically ('Blessed is he who comes in the name of the LORD'), often paired with v.24 in Jewish and Christian praise settings.
- Isaiah 25:9 (thematic): Uses very similar language of gladness and rejoicing in God's salvation: 'we will be glad and rejoice in his salvation,' echoing the call to rejoice in the day the LORD has made.
- Matthew 21:9 (allusion): The crowds' triumphant acclamation at Jesus' entry into Jerusalem echoes the Hallel tradition (Ps. 113–118) and the celebratory tone of Ps.118:24—public rejoicing in a decisive act of the LORD.
Alternative generated candidates
- This is the day that the LORD has made; let us rejoice and be glad in it.
- This is the day that the LORD has made; let us rejoice and be glad in it.
Psa.118.25 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אנא: PART
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- הושיעה: VERB,hiph,imp,2,ms
- נא: PART
- אנא: PART
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- הצליחה: VERB,qal,imp,2,m,sg
- נא: PART
Parallels
- Psalm 118:26 (structural): Immediate continuation of the verse; v.25's plea 'Save now' is followed by v.26's acclamation 'Blessed is he who comes...', forming a liturgical pair used together in worship.
- Matthew 21:9 (quotation): The crowd shouts 'Hosanna' (Heb. 'save now') at Jesus' triumphal entry, explicitly echoing Ps 118:25.
- Mark 11:9 (quotation): Mark records the crowd's cry of 'Hosanna' as they acclaim Jesus, directly drawing on the 'save now' petition of Ps 118:25.
- John 12:13 (quotation): John reports the crowd crying 'Hosanna' and 'Blessed is he who comes...', linking Jesus' entry to Ps 118:25–26 (the 'save now' plea).
- Psalm 20:9 (verbal): A parallel communal plea for deliverance—'Save, O LORD!'—using the same root and petitionary tone as Ps 118:25.
Alternative generated candidates
- Save us, we pray, O LORD! O LORD, we pray, give us success!
- O LORD, save us! O LORD, grant us success!
Psa.118.26 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- ברוך: ADJ,m,sg
- הבא: NOUN,m,sg,def
- בשם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ברכנוכם: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- מבית: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
Parallels
- Matthew 21:9 (quotation): Crowd at Jesus' triumphal entry cries, 'Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord!'—a direct citation of Ps 118:26 (part of the Hallel).
- Mark 11:9-10 (quotation): Triumphal-entry acclamation closely echoes Ps 118:26 ('Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord') as part of the crowd's praise.
- John 12:13 (quotation): The crowd shouts 'Hosanna! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord, even the King of Israel,' explicitly quoting Ps 118:26 and linking it to Jesus' messianic entry.
- Matthew 23:39 (allusion): Jesus says they will not see him again until they say, 'Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord,' alluding to Ps 118:26 and anticipating fulfilment.
- Zechariah 9:9 (thematic): Prophecy of a coming king ('rejoice greatly... behold, your king comes') thematically parallels Ps 118:26's welcome of one who comes in God's name—both underpin New Testament triumphal-entry citations.
Alternative generated candidates
- Blessed is he who comes in the name of the LORD! We bless you from the house of the LORD.
- Blessed is he who comes in the name of the LORD! We bless you from the house of the LORD.
Psa.118.27 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אל: NEG
- יהוה: NOUN,prop,m,sg,abs
- ויאר: VERB,qal,impf-vc,3,m,sg
- לנו: PREP+PRON,1,pl
- אסרו: VERB,qal,perf,3,m,pl
- חג: NOUN,m,sg,abs
- בעבתים: PREP+NOUN,m,pl,abs
- עד: PREP
- קרנות: NOUN,f,pl,cons
- המזבח: NOUN,m,sg,def
Parallels
- Ps.118.26 (structural): Immediate context: v.26–27 form a joint liturgical/triumphal formula (blessing the coming one; then instructions for the festal sacrifice/procession).
- Ps.27.1 (verbal): Shares the common imagery of God as 'light' (Ps 27:1 'The LORD is my light'); both verses use light-language to describe God's saving presence.
- Exod.27:2 (structural): Mentions the 'horns' of the altar as part of its construction—parallels the Psalm's reference to binding the offering 'to the horns of the altar.'
- Lev.23:4-8 (thematic): Gives the calendar and ritual framework for Israel's appointed feasts and communal offerings; Psalm 118:27's reference to a festal binding/presentation fits this festival-sacrifice setting.
- Matt.21:9 (quotation): The crowds' cry at Jesus' triumphal entry quotes Psalm 118 (esp. v.26), showing how Psalm 118 functioned as a liturgical/royal festival text in later Jewish and Christian worship contexts.
Alternative generated candidates
- The LORD is God, and he has given us light. Bind the festal sacrifice with cords to the horns of the altar.
- God is the LORD, and he has given us light; bind the festal offering with cords to the horns of the altar.
Psa.118.28 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- אלי: PREP+PRON,1,sg
- אתה: PRON,2,m,sg
- ואודך: VERB,qal,imprf,1,c,sg
- אלהי: NOUN,m,sg,cons
- ארוממך: VERB,qal,imf,1,_,sg
Parallels
- Exodus 15:2 (verbal): Both verses declare God as 'my God' and pair that confession with vows of praise and exaltation—'This is my God... I will exalt him' echoes the language and intent of Psalm 118:28.
- Psalm 118:21 (structural): Within the same psalm the speaker already vows thanksgiving for divine help ('I will give you thanks, for you have answered me'), reinforcing the personal address and thanksgiving found in v.28.
- Psalm 118:29 (structural): The psalm closes with a general summons to thank the LORD ('Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good'), which complements the individual declaration of praise in v.28 and frames it within communal thanksgiving.
- Isaiah 12:2-5 (thematic): Isaiah frames personal trust in God as the ground for public praise—'Behold, God is my salvation... I will trust and not be afraid'—paralleling the personal confession 'You are my God' followed by vows of thanksgiving and exaltation.
Alternative generated candidates
- You are my God, and I will give thanks to you; you are my God; I will extol you.
- You are my God, and I will give you thanks; you are my God, I will exalt you.
Psa.118.29 - Details
Original Text
Morphology
- הודו: VERB,qal,impv,2,m,pl
- ליהוה: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,def
- כי: CONJ
- טוב: ADJ,m,pl,abs
- כי: CONJ
- לעולם: PREP+NOUN,m,sg,abs
- חסדו: NOUN,m,sg,abs+3ms
Parallels
- Psalm 136:1 (quotation): Exact refrain: 'Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good, for his steadfast love endures forever'—the recurring liturgical line of Psalm 136.
- 1 Chronicles 16:34 (quotation): Same wording appears in David's thanksgiving psalm after bringing the ark: 'Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good; for his steadfast love endures forever.'
- Psalm 106:1 (verbal): Opening line uses the same summons to praise and the identical reason—God's enduring steadfast love—echoing Ps 118:29 thematically and linguistically.
- Ezra 3:11 (verbal): The people singing at the laying of the temple foundation: 'For he is good, for his steadfast love toward Israel endures forever,' reflecting the liturgical use of the phrase in communal thanksgiving.
Alternative generated candidates
- Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good, for his steadfast love endures forever.
- Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good; for his steadfast love endures forever.
To David. A psalm. The LORD declares to my lord: "Sit at my right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet."
From Zion the LORD will send forth your scepter of power: rule in the midst of your foes.
Your people will offer themselves willingly on the day of your strength; arrayed in holy splendor—from the womb of the dawn the dew of your youth will be yours.
The LORD has sworn and will not relent: "You are a priest forever in the order of Melchizedek."
The LORD at your right hand will crush kings on the day of his wrath.
He will judge among the nations; he will fill the places with corpses; he will crush heads over the broad earth.
He will drink from a brook along the way; therefore he will lift up his head.
Praise the LORD! I will give thanks to the LORD with my whole heart, in the assembly of the upright and among the congregation.
Great are the works of the LORD; they are sought out by all who delight in them.
His work is majesty and splendor; his righteousness endures forever.
He has made known his wondrous deeds; gracious and compassionate is the LORD.
He gives food to those who fear him; he will ever remember his covenant.
He has shown his people the power of his works, to give them the heritage of the nations.
The works of his hands are truth and justice; all his precepts are faithful.
They are established forever and ever, performed in truth and uprightness.
He sent redemption to his people; he has ordained his covenant forever—holy and awesome is his name.
The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom; all who practice his commands have good understanding. His praise endures forever.
Praise the LORD! Blessed is the man who fears the LORD and greatly delights in his commandments.
His offspring will be mighty in the land; a generation of the upright will be blessed.
Wealth and riches are in his house, and his righteousness endures forever.
Light dawns in the darkness for the upright; he is gracious, compassionate, and righteous.
The good man shows favor and lends; he conducts his affairs with justice.
Surely he will not be moved; the righteous will be in everlasting remembrance.
He will not fear bad news; his heart is steadfast, trusting in the LORD.
His heart is secure; he will not be afraid until he looks upon his foes.
He has distributed; he has given to the poor—his righteousness endures forever; his horn will be exalted in honor.
The wicked see it and are vexed; they grind their teeth and waste away; the longings of the wicked come to nothing.
Praise the LORD! Praise, you servants of the LORD; praise the name of the LORD.
Blessed be the name of the LORD from this time forth and forevermore.
From the rising of the sun to its setting the name of the LORD is to be praised.
The LORD is high above all nations; his glory above the heavens.
Who is like the LORD our God, who is enthroned on high?
Who stoops to behold the heavens and the earth?
He raises the poor from the dust and lifts the needy from the ash heap.
He seats them with princes, even with the princes of his people.
He gives the barren woman a home, making her the joyful mother of children. Praise the LORD.
When Israel went out from Egypt, the house of Jacob from a people of strange speech,
Judah became his sanctuary, Israel his dominion.
The sea saw and fled; Jordan turned back.
The mountains skipped like rams, the hills like young sheep.
What ailed you, O sea, that you fled? O Jordan, that you turned back?
You mountains, that you skipped like rams? You hills, like young sheep?
Tremble, O earth, at the presence of the Lord, at the presence of the God of Jacob,
who turned the rock into a pool of water and the flinty rock into springs.
Not to us, O LORD, not to us, but to your name give glory, for your steadfast love and for your faithfulness.
Why should the nations say, "Where then is their God?"
Our God is in the heavens; he does whatever he pleases.
Their idols are silver and gold, the work of human hands.
They have mouths, but do not speak; eyes, but do not see.
They have ears, but do not hear; noses, but do not smell.
They have hands, but cannot feel; feet, but cannot walk; nor do they make a sound with their throats.
Those who make them will become like them—every one who trusts in them.
O Israel, trust in the LORD; he is their help and their shield.
House of Aaron, trust in the LORD; he is their help and their shield.
You who fear the LORD, trust in the LORD; he is their help and their shield.
The LORD has remembered us; he will bless; he will bless the house of Israel; he will bless the house of Aaron.
He will bless those who fear the LORD, small and great alike.
May the LORD add to you, to you and to your children.
Blessed are you by the LORD, who made heaven and earth.
The heavens are the LORD's heavens, but the earth he has given to the children of man.
The dead do not praise the LORD, nor any who go down into silence. But we will bless the LORD from this time forth and forevermore. Praise the LORD.
I love the LORD, for he hears my voice and my supplications.
For he has inclined his ear to me, and in the day I called he answered me.
The cords of death encompassed me; the pangs of Sheol took hold on me; I found distress and sorrow.
Then I called on the name of the LORD: "O LORD, I beseech you, deliver my soul!"
Gracious is the LORD and righteous; our God is merciful.
The LORD preserves the simple; when I was brought low, he saved me.
Return, O my soul, to your rest, for the LORD has dealt bountifully with you.
For you have delivered my soul from death, my eyes from tears, my feet from stumbling.
I will walk before the LORD in the land of the living.
I believed, therefore I spoke: "I am greatly afflicted."
I said in my haste, "All men are liars."
What shall I render to the LORD for all his benefits to me?
I will lift up the cup of salvation and call on the name of the LORD.
I will pay my vows to the LORD in the presence of all his people.
Precious in the sight of the LORD is the death of his saints.
O LORD, for I am your servant; I am your servant, the son of your maidservant— you have loosed my bonds.
I will offer to you a sacrifice of thanksgiving and call upon the name of the LORD.
I will pay my vows to the LORD in the presence of all his people,
in the courts of the house of the LORD, in the midst of you, O Jerusalem. Praise the LORD.
Praise the LORD, all nations; extol him, all peoples!
For great is his steadfast love toward us, and the faithfulness of the LORD endures forever. Praise the LORD.
Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good; his steadfast love endures forever.
Let Israel say, "His steadfast love endures forever."
Let the house of Aaron say, "His steadfast love endures forever."
Let those who fear the LORD say, "His steadfast love endures forever."
Out of my distress I called on the LORD; the LORD answered me and set me in a broad place.
The LORD is for me; I will not fear. What can man do to me?
The LORD is for me among those who help me; I will look upon those who hate me.
It is better to take refuge in the LORD than to put confidence in man.
It is better to take refuge in the LORD than to put confidence in princes.
All nations surrounded me; in the name of the LORD I cut them off.
Yes, they surrounded me; in the name of the LORD I cut them off.
They surrounded me like bees; they were quenched like a fire of thorns; in the name of the LORD I cut them off.
You thrust me hard that I might fall, but the LORD helped me.
The LORD is my strength and my song; now he has become my salvation.
The voice of rejoicing and salvation is in the tents of the righteous: "The right hand of the LORD does valiantly!"
The right hand of the LORD is exalted; the right hand of the LORD does valiantly.
I shall not die, but I shall live, and declare the works of the LORD.
The LORD disciplined me severely, but he did not give me over to death.
Open to me the gates of righteousness; I will enter them and give thanks to the LORD.
This is the gate of the LORD; the righteous shall enter through it.
I give you thanks, for you answered me and have become my salvation.
The stone the builders rejected has become the chief cornerstone.
This is the LORD's doing; it is marvelous in our eyes.
This is the day that the LORD has made; let us rejoice and be glad in it.
O LORD, save us; O LORD, grant us success.
Blessed is he who comes in the name of the LORD! We bless you from the house of the LORD.
The LORD is God, and he has given us light; bind the festal sacrifice with cords up to the horns of the altar.
You are my God, and I will give you thanks; you are my God, I will exalt you.
Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good; his steadfast love endures forever.