ga.dol describes what is outstanding in size, force, scale, status, or significance.

The sampled verses most often use ga.dol for a heightened degree or extensive scale in events, crowds, sounds, joy, and material abundance. It also marks physical dimensions, elevated social standing or seniority, and matters or works presented as weighty or significant.

1. High degree, force, or extent · dominant

   Masculine and feminine singular forms describe an overwhelming rain, a strong wind, a multitude, a voice, joy, and a battle tumult. In 1 Kings 18:45 the APB renders a rainstorm after clouds and wind gather as "a great rain," while 1 Samuel 14:20 renders the battlefield disorder as "a very great tumult."

   1 Kings 18:451 Kings 19:111 Kings 20:131 Kings 8:551 Chronicles 29:221 Samuel 14:20
2. Large in physical dimensions or quantity · common

   The adjective marks objects, built spaces, and accumulated goods as large. In 1 Kings 10:18 the APB describes an ivory throne as "large," and in 1 Kings 7:10 it describes foundation stones as "large stones"; the feminine plural form occurs with cities in 1 Kings 4:13 and stones in 2 Chronicles 26:15.

   1 Kings 10:181 Kings 7:101 Kings 4:131 Samuel 14:331 Samuel 30:162 Chronicles 26:15
3. Prominent, senior, or socially elevated · occasional

   The forms can distinguish persons by prominence, seniority, or elevated standing. In 1 Chronicles 17:8 the masculine plural form occurs in the clause about a name like those of "the great men," while 1 Samuel 17:13 and 1 Samuel 17:14 use the masculine plural form in identifying Jesse's three older sons.

   1 Chronicles 17:81 Samuel 17:131 Samuel 17:141 Samuel 25:21 Kings 22:311 Kings 2:22
4. Weighty work, name, or matter · occasional

   The adjective also characterizes abstract matters presented as significant. In 1 Chronicles 29:1 the feminine singular form occurs in David's statement that the work is "great," and in 1 Samuel 20:2 the masculine singular form is part of the contrast between a "great matter" and a small one.

   1 Chronicles 29:11 Samuel 20:21 Samuel 12:161 Samuel 12:221 Kings 8:421 Kings 3:6

In the Anselm Project Bible: Across these verses, the APB commonly uses "great," "large," and occasionally "older" in clauses containing the lemma. Because the APB is a whole-verse translation, its variation is best read as confirmation of the differing contexts rather than as a fixed set of English equivalents.