to shake
mot describes being shaken or losing steadiness, and in a few forms, being brought down.
The predominant use describes persons, places, or foundations as shaken or remaining unshaken, often in clauses of stability and endurance. Other occurrences portray slipping, faltering, staggering, leaning, or the earth’s violent shaking; two Hiphil forms occur where terror falls upon someone or evil is to overthrow a violent person.
Senses in use
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Be shaken or remain unshaken · dominant
Niphal imperfect forms describe the world as established so that it will not be moved in 1 Chronicles 16:30 and Psalm 104:5. The same form is used of an idol secured so that it will not shake in Isaiah 41:7, of those trusting in the LORD who will not be shaken in Psalm 125:1, and of the land’s foundations being shaken in Psalm 82:5.
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Slip, falter, stagger, or lean · common
Qal forms portray loss of steadiness in concrete clauses: a foot slips in Deuteronomy 32:35 and Psalm 94:18, a brother’s hand falters in Leviticus 25:35, and people are staggering toward slaughter in Proverbs 24:11. In Isaiah 24:19 the earth is violently shaken, while Psalm 62:3 compares a threatened man to a leaning wall and tottering fence.
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Bring down or overthrow · rare
The Hiphil forms occur in clauses of imposed collapse or distress. In Psalm 55:4 the APB renders the surrounding clause, “My heart trembles within me, and the terrors of death have fallen upon me”; in Psalm 140:11 it renders evil as hunting down the violent man “to overthrow him.”
In the Anselm Project Bible: Across these verses, the APB uses wording such as “moved,” “shaken,” “slips,” “falters,” “staggering,” “leaning,” and “overthrow.” Because the APB is a whole-verse translation, these renderings indicate the clauses’ presentation rather than fixed English equivalents for the term.