ez.rach denotes a native-born person in contrast to a sojourner, and once describes a native tree.

The term most often identifies a native-born person, regularly set beside a sojourner in instructions, standards, and community obligations. In Psalm 37:35, it occurs in a comparison involving a flourishing native tree.

1. Native-born member of the community · dominant

   The masculine singular noun identifies the native person alongside the sojourner: in Exodus 12:49 the APB renders one instruction as applying to “the native-born and ... the sojourner,” and in Leviticus 24:22 it states the same rule for “the sojourner and ... the native.” In Leviticus 19:34, the sojourner is to be treated “as the native-born,” while Numbers 15:29 places the native among Israel beside the sojourner under one instruction.

   Exodus 12:49Leviticus 19:34Leviticus 24:22Numbers 15:29Exodus 12:48Ezekiel 47:22
2. Native tree in a flourishing comparison · rare

   In Psalm 37:35, the masculine singular noun occurs in the comparison of a wicked, ruthless man spreading himself; the APB renders the image as “a luxuriant native tree.”

   Psalm 37:35

In the Anselm Project Bible: Across the community-law contexts, the APB variously presents the term as “native,” “native-born,” or “one born of the land,” usually in contrast with a sojourner. In Psalm 37:35 it renders the comparison as a “native tree”; these are translation renderings rather than definitions.