bush describes experiencing shame or disgrace, causing shame, and once a delay in coming.

The predominant use describes people or groups experiencing shame, often in connection with failed confidence, wrongdoing, defeat, or humiliation; the Qal forms also express a hoped-for freedom from such disgrace. Hiphil forms describe bringing shame upon someone, while the Polel form in Exodus 32:1 concerns Moses' delay in coming down.

1. Experiencing shame or public disgrace · dominant

   Qal forms regularly mark persons or groups as ashamed or not ashamed in their circumstances. In Isaiah 42:17 the APB renders those trusting carved images as being "utterly put to shame"; in Jeremiah 14:3 those who find no water return with empty vessels and are "ashamed and humiliated"; and in Psalm 25:2 the speaker asks not to be put to shame while enemies might rejoice.

   Isaiah 42:17Jeremiah 14:3Psalm 25:2Genesis 2:25Isaiah 45:17Joel 2:26
2. Bringing shame upon another · common

   Hiphil forms occur where a subject brings shame or seeks to prevent it. In Proverbs 10:5 the APB describes a son sleeping during harvest as one who "brings shame," while Psalm 14:6 addresses people who "put to shame the counsel of the afflicted."

   Proverbs 10:5Proverbs 12:4Proverbs 14:35Psalm 14:6Psalm 119:116Isaiah 30:5
3. Delaying in coming · rare

   In Exodus 32:1 the Polel perfect describes Moses as delayed in coming down from the mountain, prompting the people to gather around Aaron.

   Exodus 32:1

In the Anselm Project Bible: Across the verses, the APB uses "ashamed," "put to shame," "humiliated," and "brings shame," while Exodus 32:1 renders the Polel occurrence as "delayed." Because the APB is a whole-verse translation, these renderings confirm the clauses' overall presentation rather than assign a fixed English equivalent to every form.