or describes giving or producing light, from lamps and daylight to shining faces, brightened eyes, and understanding.

The verb most often marks the giving of visible light: heavenly lights, fire, lamps, lightning, and the coming of day illuminate a place or way. It also occurs of faces and eyes becoming bright or being made to shine, and in several clauses the illumination is associated with understanding, reviving, or the light of the living.

1. Giving visible light · dominant

   Hiphil forms regularly occur where a source provides illumination: in Exodus 13:21 the APB renders the fire pillar as giving light for travel at night, and in Genesis 1:15 the heavenly lights give light upon the earth. Lamps in Exodus 25:37 and Numbers 8:2, lightning in Psalm 97:4, and the night in Psalm 139:12 likewise occur in clauses of illumination.

   Exodus 13:21Genesis 1:15Exodus 25:37Numbers 8:2Psalm 97:4Psalm 139:12
2. Shining or brightening of face and eyes · common

   In 1 Samuel 14:27 and 1 Samuel 14:29, Qal forms occur after Jonathan tastes honey, and the APB renders his eyes as having “brightened.” Hiphil forms in Numbers 6:25, Ecclesiastes 8:1, and Ezekiel 43:2 occur in clauses where a face shines or the land shines from glory.

   1 Samuel 14:271 Samuel 14:29Numbers 6:25Ecclesiastes 8:1Ezekiel 43:2
3. Illumination linked with understanding or renewal · occasional

   In Ezra 9:8, the Hiphil infinitive construct stands in the clause asking that God enlighten the eyes and give reviving. Psalm 119:130 explicitly joins the giving of light with understanding for the simple, while Job 33:30 joins being enlightened with the light of the living.

   Ezra 9:8Psalm 119:130Job 33:30Proverbs 29:13
4. Dawning or shining forth · occasional

   Qal forms mark the onset or increase of light in Genesis 44:3, where the APB renders “At dawn,” and in Proverbs 4:18, where the way of the righteous is compared with dawn that “shines brighter and brighter.” In 1 Samuel 29:10 and 2 Samuel 2:32, the clauses similarly describe light or day breaking after an early rise or an all-night march.

   Genesis 44:3Proverbs 4:181 Samuel 29:102 Samuel 2:32

In the Anselm Paraphrase: The APB variously presents the clauses with “give light,” “shine,” “brightened,” “enlighten,” and “day broke.” Because the paraphrase is not word-aligned, these renderings confirm the surrounding clauses but do not by themselves fix a separate English equivalent in every occurrence.