sha.rat denotes carrying out assigned service, especially before the LORD in priestly settings and also for human masters or kings.

The verb most often marks the assigned service of priests and Levites before the LORD, at the ark, altar, sanctuary, or house of the LORD. It also describes attending, assisting, or serving a human master, king, or leader.

1. Performing priestly or sanctuary service · dominant

   In Deuteronomy 10:8, the Piel infinitive construct stands alongside carrying the ark, standing before the LORD, and blessing in his name as duties assigned to Levi. The active participle in 1 Chronicles 16:4 identifies Levites appointed before the ark, while Exodus 28:43 and Ezekiel 45:4 place the service in the holy place and sanctuary.

   Deuteronomy 10:81 Chronicles 16:4Exodus 28:431 Kings 8:11Ezekiel 45:4Ezekiel 44:12
2. Attending or serving a human superior · common

   In Genesis 39:4, the sequential imperfect occurs as Joseph finds favor and is placed over his master's house. In 1 Kings 19:21, it describes following Elijah after providing food for the people; participial forms identify attendants of kings in 1 Kings 1:15 and Esther 2:2.

   Genesis 39:41 Kings 19:211 Kings 1:15Esther 2:22 Kings 6:152 Samuel 13:17

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB commonly uses “minister” for service before the LORD, ark, sanctuary, or altar, as in Deuteronomy 10:8 and Exodus 28:43. In settings involving human superiors it also uses “served,” “servant,” and “attendants,” as in Genesis 39:4 and Esther 2:2; these are verse-level renderings rather than definitions.