a.rakh denotes extending days or life, physical length, and the duration of a condition or event.

Most often, the verb concerns the extension of days, life, or continued existence in the land; it also describes making physical things longer and allowing a condition, period, or action to continue.

1. Extending days, life, or continued existence · dominant

   In Deuteronomy 4:40, the Hiphil imperfect occurs in the result clause after keeping commandments, and the APB renders the outcome as prolonging days in the land. The same pattern concerns days and life in Deuteronomy 11:9, Ecclesiastes 8:12, and Isaiah 53:10; Judges 2:7 applies it to elders whose days continued after Joshua.

   Deuteronomy 4:40Deuteronomy 11:9Deuteronomy 5:16Ecclesiastes 8:12Isaiah 53:10Judges 2:7
2. Making an object or bodily feature longer · common

   In 1 Kings 8:8, the Hiphil imperfect describes poles extending so that their heads could be seen from the holy place; 2 Chronicles 5:9 presents the same situation. The verb also occurs with boughs in Ezekiel 31:5, cords in Isaiah 54:2, the tongue in Isaiah 57:4, and furrows in Psalm 129:3.

   1 Kings 8:82 Chronicles 5:9Ezekiel 31:5Isaiah 54:2Isaiah 57:4Psalm 129:3
3. Continuing a period, state, or action · occasional

   Numbers 9:19 and Numbers 9:22 use the Hiphil infinitive construct for the cloud remaining upon the tabernacle for many days or longer, during which Israel did not set out. Elsewhere the clause concerns anger in Isaiah 48:9 and Proverbs 19:11, while Ezekiel 12:22 has a Qal imperfect in the saying that days grow long.

   Numbers 9:19Numbers 9:22Isaiah 48:9Proverbs 19:11Ezekiel 12:22Genesis 26:8

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB commonly uses “prolong” for days, life, the cloud's stay, and anger, while it uses “lengthen,” “extended,” or “long” for physical dimensions and elapsed time. These renderings indicate the clauses' presentation rather than a fixed English equivalent.