ginosko denotes knowing, coming to recognize, or being known, whether of facts, people, or God.

The supplied verses most often use the term for knowledge or understanding of a matter, truth, message, action, or inner reality. It also marks recognition or discovery of something previously unclear, knowledge of persons including God, and, in passive forms, being known or becoming known.

1. Knowing or understanding a matter · dominant

   Present, aorist, perfect, future, and infinitive forms occur with matters to be grasped: in 1 Corinthians 2:11 the clause concerns a person's own things and the things of God, while in 1 Corinthians 13:9 knowledge is explicitly partial. In 1 Corinthians 14:7, the future passive asks how what is played on instruments will be known if their sounds are not distinct; in 1 John 3:20 the present form states that God knows all.

   1 Corinthians 2:111 Corinthians 13:91 Corinthians 14:71 John 3:20Acts 21:242 Peter 1:20
2. Recognizing or finding out · common

   The term can concern arriving at recognition from an event, report, or evidence. In Acts 17:13 the APB renders that people “learned” of proclamation in Berea; in Galatians 2:9, an aorist participle stands with recognition of grace given to Paul; and in John 13:7, present lack of knowledge is contrasted with future knowledge of Jesus' action.

   Acts 17:13Galatians 2:9John 13:7John 12:16Acts 23:61 Thessalonians 3:5
3. Knowing a person, especially God · common

   Forms of the verb take personal objects or occur in clauses about knowing God. In 1 John 2:4, the perfect form appears in the claim “I have come to know him,” which is tested against keeping commandments; in 1 John 4:8, failure to love is joined to not having known God. Hebrews 8:11 places the imperative and future forms in the statement that all shall know the Lord.

   1 John 2:41 John 4:81 John 4:61 John 5:20Hebrews 8:11John 14:7
4. Being known or made known · occasional

   Passive forms present the person or matter as known to others rather than as the knower. In 2 Corinthians 3:2 the APB describes the community as “known and read by all people”; in Acts 9:24 a plot becomes known to Saul; and in 1 Corinthians 8:3, the one who loves God is known by him.

   2 Corinthians 3:2Acts 9:241 Corinthians 8:3

In the Anselm Project Bible: Across these verses the APB variously uses “know,” “understand,” “learned,” “recognized,” and “known.” Those renderings reflect the clauses as translated to the Greek form.