te.ru.ah denotes a loud public cry, used for communal celebration, worship, and battle or trumpet signals.

The noun most often marks a loud communal acclamation in scenes of rejoicing, praise, or the ark’s procession. It also occurs for battle cries and alarms, for signals sounded with trumpets, and for appointed observances identified by such a sound.

1. Communal acclamation in celebration or praise · dominant

   The absolute noun occurs as Israel brings up the ark in 2 Samuel 6:15 and 1 Chronicles 15:28, where the APB renders the setting with “shouting” or “shouts” alongside trumpet and musical sound. In Ezra 3:11 and Ezra 3:13 it marks the people’s great vocal response at the house’s foundation, while Job 8:21 places it on the lips after laughter.

   2 Samuel 6:151 Chronicles 15:28Ezra 3:11Ezra 3:13Job 8:21Psalm 27:6
2. Battle cry or alarm · common

   In Joshua 6:5 the absolute noun is the great cry commanded from all the people after the trumpet sound, followed by the city wall’s fall in the APB’s rendering. Jeremiah 4:19 and Jeremiah 49:2 place construct forms in war-related clauses, rendered respectively as an “alarm of war” and a “shout of battle”; Zephaniah 1:16 likewise joins trumpet and shout against fortified cities.

   Joshua 6:5Joshua 6:20Jeremiah 4:19Jeremiah 49:2Amos 1:14Zephaniah 1:16
3. Trumpet signal for movement or conflict · occasional

   Numbers 10:5 and Numbers 10:6 use the absolute noun for a sound blown that directs the eastern and southern camps to set out. In 2 Chronicles 13:12 and Numbers 31:6, the APB speaks of trumpets associated with the sound in a military setting, including an alarm sounded against opponents.

   Numbers 10:5Numbers 10:62 Chronicles 13:12Numbers 31:6Job 39:25Amos 2:2
4. Appointed observance marked by a loud sound · occasional

   Leviticus 23:24 calls the first day of the seventh month a memorial associated with the noun and a holy assembly. Leviticus 25:9 commands a ram’s-horn blast through the land, and Numbers 29:1 identifies the same month’s first day as a day characterized by the sound.

   Leviticus 23:24Leviticus 25:9Numbers 29:1

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB variously presents the noun’s contexts with “shouting,” “shout,” “alarm,” and sounds associated with trumpets. These renderings indicate the clauses’ overall settings rather than fixed English equivalents in every occurrence.