kardia denotes the inner person as the place of thought, intention, feeling, moral condition, and devotion.

The sampled verses most often present kardia as the inner faculty in which people think, intend, understand, and make decisions. It also names the inward sphere of emotion and attachment, moral or spiritual condition, devotion, and shared unity.

1. Inner thought, understanding, and intention · dominant

   The term marks the inward place of conceiving, planning, and understanding: in 1 Corinthians 2:9 the APB renders what no human heart has conceived, while 1 Corinthians 7:37 describes a decision determined in the heart. In Acts 5:4 a deed is conceived there, and Acts 28:27 places understanding there alongside seeing and hearing.

   1 Corinthians 2:91 Corinthians 7:371 Corinthians 4:5Acts 5:4Acts 8:22Acts 28:27
2. Inner feeling and personal attachment · common

   The term is the inward setting of joy, anguish, desire, and attachment. In Acts 2:26 the APB renders a glad heart; in 2 Corinthians 2:4 it renders anguish of heart, and in 2 Corinthians 7:3 it describes people held in the writers' hearts for shared life and death.

   Acts 2:262 Corinthians 2:42 Corinthians 6:112 Corinthians 7:31 Thessalonians 2:17Acts 14:17
3. Inward moral and spiritual condition · common

   The term can identify the inward sphere that is tested, cleansed, opened, or directed. In Acts 15:9 the APB renders hearts cleansed by faith; in Acts 16:14 the Lord opens Lydia's heart so that she pays attention; and in 2 Corinthians 3:15 a veil lies over the heart.

   Acts 15:9Acts 16:142 Corinthians 3:151 Thessalonians 2:41 Timothy 1:5Hebrews 3:10
4. Inward devotion and sincere conduct · occasional

   The term locates worship, love, and conduct in an inward rather than merely outward setting. In Ephesians 5:19 the APB renders singing and making melody to the Lord with the heart; Colossians 3:22 contrasts sincerity of heart with eye-service; and 1 Peter 1:22 describes fervent love from the heart.

   Ephesians 5:19Colossians 3:221 Peter 1:221 Peter 3:152 Timothy 2:22Acts 2:46
5. Shared inward unity · rare

   In Acts 4:32, the singular nominative form occurs in the statement that the believing multitude had one heart and one soul, followed by their common sharing of possessions. The term therefore depicts a united inward orientation within the group.

   Acts 4:32

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB commonly uses “heart” in these clauses, including expressions of conceiving, gladness, cleansing, and sincerity. Because it translates whole verses rather than aligning individual words, its wording confirms the clauses' overall presentation but does not establish a separate rendering for every occurrence.