se.o.rah denotes a cultivated grain appearing in fields, harvests, food, offerings, and measured provisions.

The term denotes a cultivated grain, seen growing in fields and harvests, prepared as food, and handled in measured quantities for offerings, valuation, payment, and provision. The supplied verses show the same referent across these settings rather than distinct lexical senses.

1. Cultivated grain for harvest, food, and measured supply · dominant

   In Exodus 9:31, the singular form occurs in the report that the crop was ruined while it was in the ear; in Ruth 2:17, the plural form occurs after Ruth gleans and threshes what she gathered into an ephah. The APB also places the plural form in food and supply contexts: twenty loaves in 2 Kings 4:42, six measured portions in Ruth 3:15, and a stated price for two seahs in 2 Kings 7:16. In Numbers 5:15, it occurs in the grain flour brought as an offering.

   Exodus 9:31Ruth 2:172 Kings 4:42Ruth 3:152 Kings 7:16Numbers 5:15

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB regularly presents the term as “barley,” including crop, harvest, food, flour, and measured-quantity contexts; it also has phrases such as “barley food” and “barley harvest.” These phrasings describe the clauses rather than establishing separate meanings.