ma.or denotes illumination, especially for lampstand service, and also heavenly lights and figurative brightness.

The term most often identifies the illumination associated with oil, lamps, and the lampstand in service materials. It also names lights set in the heavens and occurs in expressions concerning the eyes and the divine face.

1. Lampstand illumination and its oil · dominant

   The singular noun occurs in clauses about oil supplied for ongoing lamp use: in Exodus 27:20 the APB renders "pure beaten olive oil for the light" and a lamp rising continually. In Numbers 4:9, the lampstand is described together with its lamps and service utensils, while Exodus 35:14 distinguishes the lampstand, its lamps, and oil in the same listing.

   Exodus 25:6Exodus 27:20Exodus 35:14Exodus 39:37Leviticus 24:2Numbers 4:9
2. Heavenly lights · common

   Plural forms occur in the expanse of the heavens in Genesis 1:14 and Genesis 1:15, where the APB renders lights separating day from night and giving illumination upon the earth. Ezekiel 32:8 likewise uses a plural construct form in the announcement that the lights in the heavens will be darkened; Psalm 74:16 places the singular noun beside the sun.

   Genesis 1:14Genesis 1:15Genesis 1:16Ezekiel 32:8Psalm 74:16
3. Brightness in figurative expressions · occasional

   Construct forms appear in expressions concerning human perception and exposure before God: in Proverbs 15:30 the APB renders "Light of the eyes makes the heart rejoice," and in Psalm 90:8 it renders hidden sins as set "in the light of your face."

   Proverbs 15:30Psalm 90:8

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB commonly presents the term in lamp-and-oil clauses as "the light" or "for the light," while heavenly passages use "lights" and the two construct expressions use "Light of the eyes" and "the light of your face." These are verse-level renderings rather than definitions.