ba.chan denotes examining hearts, people, words, or claims in order to disclose what is true or proven.

Across the supplied verses, the verb denotes examination that brings a person’s heart, conduct, words, or claim under scrutiny: God examines human hearts and people, an ear evaluates words, and people are said to put God to the test.

1. Examination to assess hearts, people, words, or claims · dominant

   Qal participles portray God as the examiner of inward life: in Jeremiah 17:10 the APB renders the clause "I the LORD search the heart and test the mind," and in 1 Chronicles 29:17 it renders God as testing the heart. In Genesis 42:16, the Niphal imperfect places "your words" under testing to determine whether truth is present; Job 12:11 likewise compares the ear’s testing of words with the palate’s tasting of food. The Qal imperative in Malachi 3:10 calls for God to be tested in the matter of the tithe, while Zechariah 13:9 places testing beside the fire-and-silver comparison.

   Jeremiah 17:101 Chronicles 29:17Genesis 42:16Job 12:11Malachi 3:10Zechariah 13:9

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB commonly uses "test" in clauses concerning hearts, people, words, and God, and in refining contexts it places the term beside "refined." These renderings indicate the clauses’ overall presentation rather than a fixed English equivalent in every occurrence.