Palaios describes what is old, whether an object, an earlier command or covenant, or a former self set aside.

The attested use marks something as old in contrast with what is new: garments, wineskins, wine, leaven, and stored things, as well as an earlier commandment or covenant and the former self. The same contrast frames both material examples and statements about putting off a prior manner of life.

1. What is old in contrast to what is new · dominant

   In Luke 5:36 and Luke 5:37, the forms occur in the parable's contrasts between new material or wine and an old garment or wineskins; the APB renders the relevant items as “old garment” and “old wineskins.” In 1 John 2:7, the accusative singular feminine forms describe a commandment received from the beginning, while 2 Corinthians 3:14 speaks of the old covenant. In Ephesians 4:22 and Romans 6:6, singular masculine forms occur with “self”; the APB renders a former way of life and a self said to have been crucified.

   Luke 5:36Luke 5:371 John 2:72 Corinthians 3:14Ephesians 4:22Romans 6:6

In the Anselm Project Bible: Across these verses, the APB regularly uses “old” for garments, wineskins, wine, leaven, a commandment, a covenant, and the self. Because the APB is a whole-verse translation, these English phrases confirm the verse-level contrasts without fixing a separate English equivalent for every form.