artos denotes food for eating, and in some passages names bread broken in a shared meal or used figuratively of life from heaven.

The term most often denotes edible loaves or a person’s food supply, whether bought, distributed, eaten, or lacking. It also occurs in clauses about breaking and sharing bread, in John’s heavenly-life imagery, and in the designated “bread of the Presence.”

1. Loaves and food for eating · dominant

   The plural and singular forms occur where loaves are bought, distributed, eaten, or insufficient for a crowd: in John 6:11 the APB renders Jesus distributing the loaves to those seated, and in Mark 8:14 it renders the disciples as having only one loaf in the boat. The same food use appears in requests for daily provision and in statements about working for one’s own food.

   John 6:11John 6:5Mark 6:37Mark 8:14Luke 11:32 Thessalonians 3:12
2. Bread broken and shared in a meal · common

   In Acts 2:42, the genitive singular occurs in the phrase the APB renders “the breaking of the bread,” alongside teaching, fellowship, and prayers. In Acts 20:7 and Acts 20:11, the accusative singular stands in clauses about assembling to break bread and then breaking and eating it; 1 Corinthians 11:23 likewise places it with taking bread.

   Acts 2:42Acts 20:7Acts 20:11Acts 2:461 Corinthians 11:231 Corinthians 10:16
3. Heavenly bread and life imagery · occasional

   In John 6:31 and John 6:32, the accusative singular is used in statements about bread given or coming from heaven. In John 6:33, John 6:35, and John 6:48, the nominative singular appears in declarations that the bread of God comes down from heaven and gives life, and that Jesus is “the bread of life.”

   John 6:31John 6:32John 6:33John 6:35John 6:41John 6:48
4. Designated bread of the Presence · rare

   The plural forms occur in references to specially designated bread: Hebrews 9:2 places “the bread of the Presence” with the lampstand and table in the first tent, while Mark 2:26 describes it as bread permitted for priests. The APB’s wording identifies this as a named or restricted setting rather than an ordinary meal.

   Hebrews 9:2Mark 2:26Luke 6:4

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB commonly presents the term as “bread” or “loaves” in scenes of eating, buying, distributing, and breaking food. It also preserves phrases such as “bread of the Presence” and “bread of life”; These renderings confirm the clauses rather than isolate every occurrence precisely.