pa.tach denotes inscribing names, designs, or other markings on crafted surfaces.

The attested use is the making of inscribed markings on crafted objects: names are placed on onyx stones, a declaration is marked on gold, decorative figures are made on architectural surfaces, and a stone is described as receiving its inscription.

1. Inscribing names, figures, and markings · dominant

   The Piel forms describe marking objects with specified content: in Exodus 28:9 the APB renders the clause “engrave on them the names of the sons of Israel,” and in Exodus 28:36 it renders an inscription on a gold flower. In Exodus 39:6 the Pual passive participle describes the onyx stones as “engraved,” while 1 Kings 7:36 and Zechariah 3:9 portray the marking of decorative figures and of a stone.

   Exodus 28:9Exodus 28:11Exodus 28:36Exodus 39:61 Kings 7:36Zechariah 3:9

In the Anselm Project Bible: Where the action is readily visible, the APB repeatedly uses “engrave,” “engraved,” and “engraving.” These renderings confirm the clauses' overall presentation but do not establish finer distinctions among the forms.