a.vel denotes people or things marked by grief, including mourners needing comfort and individuals acting in sorrow.

The attested uses chiefly identify mourners as people who receive comfort or transformation; they also describe an individual's sorrowful manner and, once, Zion's ways as grieving.

1. Mourners addressed or comforted · dominant

   Plural forms designate those to whom comfort, healing, or restoration is directed: in Isaiah 57:18 the APB renders comfort restored "to his mourners," and in Isaiah 61:2 it renders comfort for "all who mourn." In Isaiah 61:3 the construct plural identifies those mourning in Zion who receive a headdress, oil of rejoicing, and praise; Job 29:25 similarly depicts one who comforts those who mourn.

   Isaiah 57:18Isaiah 61:2Isaiah 61:3Job 29:25
2. Sorrowful bearing or action · common

   Singular masculine forms occur in comparisons or descriptions of personal grief. In Genesis 37:35 the APB renders the speaker's intended descent to his son as "mourning to Sheol"; in Esther 6:12 it depicts Haman hurrying home in mourning, and in Psalm 35:14 it compares bowed-down conduct to one mourning a mother.

   Genesis 37:35Esther 6:12Psalm 35:14
3. Personified grieving ways · rare

   In Lamentations 1:4, a feminine plural form is used of Zion's ways amid deserted gates, sighing priests, and grieving virgins. The APB renders the clause, "The ways of Zion mourn," presenting grief through personified paths.

   Lamentations 1:4

In the Anselm Paraphrase: The APB variously presents the forms as "mourners," "those who mourn," "mourning," and, in Lamentations 1:4, ways that "mourn." Because the paraphrase is not word-aligned, these renderings confirm the verses' grief contexts rather than establish separate lexical definitions.