Hierousalem identifies Jerusalem as a city, including its inhabitants and, in several clauses, a heavenly Jerusalem.

The term most often identifies the earthly city as a destination, location, or point of departure in travel, residence, teaching, and public events. It can also address the city as the people associated with it, and it occurs in descriptions of the present and heavenly Jerusalem.

1. The earthly city in travel and public events · dominant

   The noun names the city as a destination or setting: in Acts 20:22 the APB renders Paul as going there, while Acts 1:8 places witness in the city alongside Judea, Samaria, and the end of the earth. It also locates residents, rulers, teaching, and events there; in Acts 13:27 the APB renders "the residents of Jerusalem and their rulers," and in Luke 10:30 a man goes down from the city to Jericho.

   Acts 20:22Acts 1:8Acts 13:27Luke 10:30Acts 9:26Acts 5:28
2. The city addressed for its people · occasional

   In Luke 13:34 the form is vocative singular and is repeated in direct address. The APB renders the address "Jerusalem, Jerusalem" and then speaks of killing prophets, stoning those sent, and the city's children, presenting the city through the actions and response of those associated with it.

   Luke 13:34
3. Present and heavenly Jerusalem · rare

   Galatians 4:25 contrasts "the present Jerusalem" with its children in slavery, while Galatians 4:26 describes "the Jerusalem above" as free. In Hebrews 12:22, the dative form occurs in the clause rendered "the heavenly Jerusalem," identified there with the city of the living God and myriads of angels.

   Galatians 4:25Galatians 4:26Hebrews 12:22

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB normally presents the term as the place-name "Jerusalem" in clauses of travel, residence, and events. In Galatians 4:25, Galatians 4:26, and Hebrews 12:22 it adds the contextual descriptions "present," "above," and "heavenly"; these reflect the clauses' wider wording rather than a word-by-word alignment.