te.mu.rah denotes an exchange or substituted return, including replacement animals, trade profit, and recompense.

The term most often occurs where one thing is put in place of, or given in return for, another: animal substitutions, a customary exchange, and an item offered in exchange for wisdom. In Job it also stands in clauses about the return from conduct or labor, whether emptiness as recompense or profit from trade.

1. Substitution or item given in exchange · dominant

   In Leviticus 27:10 and Leviticus 27:33, the construct form occurs in rules against substituting one animal for another; the APB renders the resulting relation as an animal and its "substitute." In Job 28:17, it concerns what could be offered for wisdom, while Ruth 4:7 places the absolute form in a custom concerning "redemption and exchange."

   Leviticus 27:10Leviticus 27:33Job 28:17Ruth 4:7
2. Return or recompense from an action · common

   In Job 15:31, the construct form occurs in the statement that emptiness will be the person's recompense. In Job 20:18, it stands within the description of returning the fruit of toil and not rejoicing in the profit of trade, presenting a return connected with labor and trading.

   Job 15:31Job 20:18

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB presents the term's settings with "exchange" in Ruth 4:7 and Job 28:17, "substitute" in Leviticus 27:10 and Leviticus 27:33, and "recompense" or trade "profit" in Job 15:31 and Job 20:18. These are verse-level renderings rather than definitions.