ra.tsats denotes crushing, whether by oppressive treatment, physical damage, or struggle.

The occurrences most often describe people being pressed down through oppressive treatment; they also describe physical crushing or a damaged condition, and once the struggling of children within a mother.

1. Oppressive crushing of people · dominant

   In 1 Samuel 12:3 and 1 Samuel 12:4, Qal perfect forms occur in Samuel's denial and the people's confirmation that he had not treated them oppressively. Active forms likewise occur where the poor and needy are subjected to harsh treatment in Amos 4:1 and Job 20:19; passive participles describe those under such pressure in Deuteronomy 28:33 and Hosea 5:11.

   1 Samuel 12:31 Samuel 12:4Amos 4:1Deuteronomy 28:33Hosea 5:11Job 20:19
2. Physical crushing or crushed condition · common

   In Judges 9:53, a Hiphil sequential imperfect is used when a millstone strikes Abimelech's head; Psalm 74:14 uses a Piel perfect concerning Leviathan's heads. Qal passive participles qualify the damaged staff in 2 Kings 18:21 and Isaiah 36:6, while in Isaiah 42:3 the participle describes a branch that the verse says will not be broken.

   Judges 9:53Psalm 74:142 Kings 18:21Isaiah 36:6Isaiah 42:3Ezekiel 29:7
3. Struggling against one another · rare

   In Genesis 25:22, the Hithpolel sequential imperfect plural occurs of the children within her; the APB renders the clause, "The children struggled within her."

   Genesis 25:22

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB commonly uses "crushed" and "oppressed" in verses concerning harsh treatment, while physical contexts use "crushed," "broken," or related wording. Because the APB is a whole-verse translation, these renderings show the clauses' presentation rather than fixed English equivalents.