be jealous
qa.na describes jealousy or envy toward another, ardent concern for someone or something, and the provoking of jealousy.
The dominant attested use describes jealousy or envy directed toward another person or group. Other verses show ardent concern expressed for the LORD, a people, land, or city, and clauses in which actions provoke another to jealousy.
Senses in use
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Jealousy or envy toward others · dominant
This use concerns a person or group reacting jealously toward someone else: Rachel toward her sister in Genesis 30:1, Joseph’s brothers toward him in Genesis 37:11, and the arrogant or wicked in Psalm 73:3 and Proverbs 24:19. In Genesis 26:14 the APB renders the Philistines’ response to Isaac’s possessions as “envied him,” while Numbers 5:14 places the verb in the husband’s jealousy toward his wife.
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Ardent concern on behalf of someone or something · common
The verb occurs with commitment on behalf of the LORD or what belongs to him: Elijah says he has been jealous for the LORD in 1 Kings 19:10, and Phinehas is described as zealous for his God in Numbers 25:13. It also occurs where the LORD is jealous for his land, holy name, Jerusalem, or Zion in Joel 2:18, Ezekiel 39:25, Zechariah 1:14, and Zechariah 8:2.
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Provoking another to jealousy · occasional
In these clauses, the verb marks actions that bring jealousy upon another: foreign gods and abominations do so in Deuteronomy 32:16, and idols do so in Psalm 78:58. Deuteronomy 32:21 also places the people’s making God jealous beside the stated response that will make them jealous.
In the Anselm Project Bible: Across these verses the APB uses “jealous,” “envied,” “zealous,” and “provoked … to jealousy.” Because the APB renders whole verses rather than aligning individual words, these renderings confirm the clauses’ overall presentation rather than supplying a separate definition for each form.