tso.va is the proper name used for the polity associated with its kings, forces, and people in the narrated conflicts.

The term is consistently a proper name for the polity identified with Hadadezer and its military or political setting: it occurs with its king, with Aram’s forces, as a source of hired troops, and in a person’s place designation.

1. Proper name for a polity and its setting · dominant

   The noun is marked Proper in every supplied occurrence. In 2 Samuel 8:3 the APB renders Hadadezer as “king of Zobah,” while 2 Samuel 10:6 names “Aram of Zobah” among forces hired for battle; 2 Samuel 23:36 uses it in the designation “from Zobah.” These clauses show the same proper name in royal, military, and origin-related contexts.

   2 Samuel 8:32 Samuel 10:62 Samuel 10:81 Chronicles 18:31 Chronicles 19:62 Samuel 23:36

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB consistently presents the name as “Zobah,” including “king of Zobah,” “Aram of Zobah,” and “from Zobah.” These phrases show the verse-level presentation rather than a separate English definition for each token.