a.rav denotes taking on a pledge or surety, and in a smaller group of passages joining or associating with others.

The attested use most often concerns accepting a pledge, surety, or binding commitment, whether for a person, a loan, an agreement, or protection from oppression. A smaller Hithpael cluster describes people joining, intermingling, sharing, or associating with others.

1. Assuming a pledge or binding surety · dominant

   Qal forms occur where a person accepts responsibility for another or enters a binding commitment: in Genesis 43:9 the speaker undertakes responsibility to return the youth, and Genesis 44:32 recalls that undertaking before his father. The same use appears in warnings about striking hands and security in Proverbs 17:18 and Proverbs 22:26, while Ezekiel 27:9 places the infinitive in the clause about ships and mariners connected with merchandise.

   Genesis 43:9Genesis 44:32Job 17:3Proverbs 17:18Proverbs 22:26Ezekiel 27:9
2. Joining or associating with others · occasional

   Hithpael forms describe participation with others rather than a stated surety. In Ezra 9:2 the clause concerns taking daughters and sons among the peoples of the lands, and in Psalm 106:35 the APB renders the clause “They intermingled with the nations”; Proverbs 14:10 and Proverbs 24:21 likewise place the form in clauses about sharing and associating.

   Ezra 9:2Psalm 106:35Proverbs 14:10Proverbs 24:21

In the Anselm Project Bible: Across the commitment passages, the APB uses wording such as “pledge,” “surety,” “security,” and “pledge yourself.” In the Hithpael passages it instead presents the clauses with “intermingled,” “share,” or “associate”; these are verse-level renderings rather than word-by-word equivalents.