na.shah denotes lending or acting as a lender/creditor in transactions involving loans, pledges, and debt.

The attested use concerns making loans and occupying the position of a lender or creditor: finite forms occur where a person lends to a neighbor, while participles designate those extending loans or pursuing what is owed.

1. Lending and the lender's position · dominant

   In Deuteronomy 24:10 the Hiphil imperfect occurs in the instruction about making a loan to a neighbor, and Deuteronomy 24:11 uses a Qal active participle for the person to whom the loan is made as the pledge is brought outside. Qal active participles also identify lenders or creditors in the social contrasts of Isaiah 24:2, in the lending of silver and grain in Nehemiah 5:10, and in the creditor's claim in 2 Kings 4:1. In Jeremiah 15:10, the perfect form occurs in the speaker's denial that he has lent or that others have lent to him.

   Deuteronomy 24:10Deuteronomy 24:11Isaiah 24:2Nehemiah 5:102 Kings 4:1Jeremiah 15:10

In the Anselm Project Bible: Across these verses, the APB presents the surrounding clauses with terms such as “loan,” “lends,” “lender,” and “creditor,” especially in Deuteronomy 24:10, Isaiah 24:2, and 2 Kings 4:1. These renderings indicate the clauses' loan context rather than a fixed English equivalent for each form.