ka.as describes provoking another to anger, and in a smaller set of clauses being angry.

The dominant usage describes actions that provoke the LORD, often through making or serving other gods, performing evil deeds, or works of the hands; it can also describe provoking a human person or the hearts of peoples. In Qal forms, the term describes being angry or anger arising in response to what is seen or endured.

1. Causing another to be provoked · dominant

   Hiphil forms regularly occur where deeds directed toward the LORD bring provocation: in 1 Kings 16:33 the APB renders Ahab's continued action as acting “so as to provoke the LORD,” and in Jeremiah 7:18 offerings to other gods are made “to provoke me to anger.” The same causative use extends beyond this setting: in 1 Samuel 1:7 one woman repeatedly provokes her rival, while in Ezekiel 32:9 the speaker says he will provoke the heart of many peoples when bringing destruction among nations.

   1 Kings 16:33Jeremiah 7:18Judges 2:12Psalm 78:581 Samuel 1:7Ezekiel 32:9
2. Being angry · occasional

   Qal forms describe the subject's anger rather than an action provoking someone else. In 2 Chronicles 16:10 the APB renders Asa as “angry with the seer,” and in Psalm 112:10 the wicked sees and “is angry”; Ecclesiastes 7:9 warns against being quick in spirit to be angry.

   2 Chronicles 16:10Ecclesiastes 7:9Ezekiel 16:42Psalm 112:10

In the Anselm Project Bible: Across the supplied verses, the APB commonly renders the causative clauses with “provoke” or “provoke... to anger,” especially where deeds, idols, offerings, or high places are named. In Qal clauses it uses “angry” or “be angry”; These renderings confirm the clauses' overall presentation rather than supplying a separate definition.