cha.rash denotes a skilled maker or craft worker, active in building, specialized materials, and the making of images.

The attested use identifies skilled makers in a wide range of work: construction and repair, work with stone and wood, textile and decorative production, metalworking, and the manufacture of images. The surrounding nouns and clauses specify the particular craft, while the term itself remains a broad designation for the worker.

1. Skilled maker in varied crafts · dominant

   Singular and plural noun forms designate workers whose particular work is supplied by the clause or accompanying material. In 1 Chronicles 22:15 the plural construct form occurs with stone and wood workers; in Exodus 28:11 the singular construct form is connected with engraving stones; and in Isaiah 44:12 and Isaiah 44:13 the construct forms identify workers handling iron and wood. The same designation appears in building activity in 2 Samuel 5:11 and in image-making contexts in Hosea 8:6, without requiring a separate lexical sense.

   1 Chronicles 22:15Exodus 28:11Isaiah 44:12Isaiah 44:132 Samuel 5:11Hosea 8:6

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB variously presents the worker as “artificer,” “craftsman,” “carpenter,” “mason,” “smith,” or a more specified worker such as an “ironsmith” or “woodworker.” These are whole-verse verse-level renderings rather than definitions.