cha.mad denotes setting desire on something, whether coveting what belongs to another or finding a person or thing desirable.

The verb most often marks a person’s desire directed toward property, wealth, beauty, or another object, sometimes in prohibitions and sometimes in desire followed by seizure. Its participial forms also describe trees, treasure, and other things as desirable or prized.

1. Setting desire on an object · dominant

   Qal finite forms occur in commands not to set desire on a neighbor’s household or on precious metal associated with idols in Deuteronomy 5:21 and Deuteronomy 7:25. In Joshua 7:21, the speaker sees spoil, covets it, and takes it; in Micah 2:2, those who desire lands and houses proceed to seize and take them. Song of Songs 2:3 shows a favorable setting of desire, where the speaker delights to sit in the beloved’s shadow.

   Deuteronomy 5:21Deuteronomy 7:25Joshua 7:21Micah 2:2Proverbs 6:25Song of Songs 2:3
2. Desirable or prized in description · common

   Niphal participles characterize the garden trees in Genesis 2:9 and the tree considered desirable for gaining wisdom in Genesis 3:6. Proverbs 21:20 describes treasure and oil as desired, while Isaiah 44:9 refers to “desirable things” in its statement about idol makers.

   Genesis 2:9Genesis 3:6Proverbs 21:20Isaiah 44:9Job 20:20

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB presents clauses containing the term with wording such as “covet,” “desire,” and “delighted,” and it describes some objects as “desirable” or “desired.” These are verse-level presentations rather than fixed English equivalents.