ga.lal denotes rolling or moving something by rolling, including stones, a body, and figurative burdens or reproach.

The attested verses most often depict the movement of tangible objects, especially stones moved from or to an opening. Other passages portray rolling or tumbling in motion, while several use the action for removing reproach or placing deeds and a way upon the LORD.

1. Move an object by rolling · dominant

   Qal forms describe moving stones at a well in Genesis 29:3, Genesis 29:8, and Genesis 29:10, and an imperative directs stones to a cave entrance in Joshua 10:18. In 1 Samuel 14:33 the APB renders the command "Roll a large stone," while Proverbs 26:27 pictures someone who "rolls a stone."

   Genesis 29:3Genesis 29:8Genesis 29:10Joshua 10:181 Samuel 14:33Proverbs 26:27
2. Roll, flow, or tumble in motion · common

   A participle describes Amasa "rolling in blood" in 2 Samuel 20:12, and a Hithpalpel perfect depicts invaders who "roll" under devastation in Job 30:14. In Amos 5:24 the APB renders the Niphal imperfect, "Let justice roll like water," and Jeremiah 51:25 describes a mountain being rolled down from rocks.

   2 Samuel 20:12Job 30:14Amos 5:24Jeremiah 51:25
3. Remove or place something upon another · occasional

   In Joshua 5:9 the speaker says that the reproach of Egypt has been "rolled away," and Psalm 119:22 asks for reproach and contempt to be rolled from the speaker. Proverbs 16:3 and Psalm 37:5 use Qal imperatives in clauses where deeds or a way are placed upon the LORD.

   Joshua 5:9Psalm 119:22Proverbs 16:3Psalm 37:5

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB commonly uses "roll," "rolling," and "rolled away" where the clause makes the action visible, including stones, water-like justice, and reproach. Because the APB is a whole-verse translation, its wording does not isolate every occurrence's contribution.