bil.a.de marks exclusion or contrast: “without,” “except,” or “apart from” a stated person or thing.

This grammatical word marks a person or thing as excluded from, contrasted with, or outside a stated reference point, whether denying another God, limiting an action, or identifying an exception.

1. Marks exclusion, exception, or contrast · dominant

   The supplied forms are predominantly decoded as prepositions and mark the reference point outside which something is denied, excluded, or done. In Genesis 41:44 the APB renders Pharaoh's restriction that no one may lift hand or foot “without you”; in Isaiah 44:6 it renders the denial of another God “besides me”; and in Joshua 22:19 it describes an altar set in contrast to the altar of the LORD.

   Genesis 14:24Genesis 41:44Isaiah 44:6Isaiah 45:21Joshua 22:19Numbers 5:20

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB variously presents the construction with “except,” “without,” “apart from,” and “besides.” Because its English is a translation of whole verses, these renderings show the clauses' exclusion or contrast without fixing a separate English equivalent in every occurrence.