bukh describes being caught in confusion or perplexity amid constraining circumstances.

The attested use describes a state of confusion or perplexity: Israel is hemmed in by the wilderness, Susa is thrown into confusion after an edict, and cattle are perplexed when pasture is gone.

1. Being in a state of confusion or perplexity · dominant

   In Exodus 14:3, the Niphal participle describes the sons of Israel as constrained by the wilderness; the APB renders the clause, "They are confused in the land; the wilderness has closed in on them." In Esther 3:15, the Niphal perfect concerns Susa after the edict, and the APB says the city "was thrown into confusion"; in Joel 1:18, the Niphal perfect describes cattle with no pasture, rendered "the herds of cattle are perplexed."

   Exodus 14:3Esther 3:15Joel 1:18

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB presents the clauses with "confused," "was thrown into confusion," and "perplexed." These renderings confirm the verses' shared situation rather than establish separate meanings.