planao describes causing people to depart from truth or a right course, and being led into such error.

The prevailing use describes agents deceiving or misdirecting people, often through claims, teaching, signs, or false prophecy. It also describes those who are misled or depart from truth and a right way; a smaller group of passages uses it for a sheep or people wandering from a place or course.

1. Misleading others into error · dominant

   Active forms identify a person or group as the one causing others to go wrong: in Matthew 24:5 many who come claiming to be the Christ mislead many, and in Revelation 13:14 signs lead earth-dwellers to make an image. In 1 John 2:26, the present active participle identifies people who are leading the readers astray.

   Matthew 24:5Matthew 24:11Matthew 24:24John 7:121 John 2:26Revelation 13:14
2. Being misled or departing from truth · common

   Passive forms portray people as misled or as going wrong in belief or conduct. In Galatians 6:7 the APB renders the warning "Do not be deceived" before the statement about sowing and reaping; in James 5:19 someone goes astray from the truth and is brought back. Hebrews 3:10 locates the going astray in a generation's heart.

   Galatians 6:71 Corinthians 15:33Luke 21:8James 5:19Hebrews 3:10Titus 3:3
3. Wandering from a place or course · rare

   In Matthew 18:12 the form is used of one sheep that has gone astray from the ninety-nine, and the verse speaks of searching for it. Hebrews 11:38 uses a present passive participle where the APB renders people wandering in deserts, mountains, caves, and holes in the ground.

   Matthew 18:12Matthew 18:13Hebrews 11:38

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB commonly uses "leads astray," "led astray," and "deceived," while some clauses use "go astray," "mistaken," or "wandered." These variations reflect whole-verse translation and do not by themselves establish separate meanings.