qi.nah denotes a lament raised or chanted over a person, people, ruler, or city marked by death, ruin, or judgment.

The term denotes a formal lament: it is raised, chanted, or spoken concerning Saul and Jonathan, Israel’s leaders, Tyre, Egypt, and a generation rejected by the LORD. The same usage can name a written collection of laments or characterize a ruined subject as itself a lament.

1. Lament voiced over loss or devastation · dominant

   The singular absolute form occurs in calls to raise a lament over Saul and Jonathan, Israel’s leaders, Tyre, and Egypt; in 2 Samuel 1:17 the APB renders David chanting one over Saul and Jonathan, and in Ezekiel 26:17 it renders others raising one over a perished city. In Amos 5:1 and Ezekiel 32:16, the surrounding clauses direct the lament toward the house of Israel and Egypt respectively, while 2 Chronicles 35:25 uses plural construct forms for laments concerning Josiah.

   2 Samuel 1:17Amos 5:1Ezekiel 19:1Ezekiel 26:17Ezekiel 32:162 Chronicles 35:25

In the Anselm Project Bible: Across these verses, the APB most often uses “dirge,” while it also uses “lament,” “laments,” “lamentation,” and “wailing” in surrounding clauses. These renderings show the verse-level presentation rather than a fixed English equivalent in every occurrence.