to smooth
ma.rat describes hair being removed or made bare, and objects or a sword being given a finished, brightened condition.
The dominant usage concerns hair being pulled out, removed, or left bare, whether through an individual's action or a passive condition. A smaller cluster describes bronze articles and a sword in a completed, brightened or prepared condition.
Senses in use
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Removing hair or leaving a body part bare · dominant
In Ezra 9:3, the first-person Qal sequential imperfect occurs in the action following the tearing of garment and robe; the APB renders the clause "plucked hair from my head and my beard." In Isaiah 50:6, the masculine plural Qal active participle stands with those acting against the speaker's cheeks, while the APB renders "those who pull out the beard." The passive forms in Leviticus 13:40, Leviticus 13:41, and Ezekiel 29:18 occur where a head or shoulder is described as bare.
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Finishing or preparing bronze and a sword · common
In 1 Kings 7:45, a masculine singular Pual passive participle describes the bronze articles Hiram made; the APB renders the articles as "smooth bronze." In Ezekiel 21:14, Ezekiel 21:15, and Ezekiel 21:16, the forms occur in the sword-prophecy context, where the APB describes a sword associated with flashing lightning and sharpening; the translation does not isolate the term's contribution in each clause.
In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB presents the hair-related passages with expressions such as "made bald," "rubbed bare," "plucked hair," and "pull out the beard," while 1 Kings 7:45 describes the bronze as "smooth." In the Ezekiel sword passages, its wording about flashing and sharpening does not identify a word-for-word rendering of the lemma.