mal.khu denotes a kingdom as a ruled realm or royal dominion, including a ruler’s reign.

The term most often denotes a kingdom as a political realm that can be established, divided, governed, given, or possessed. In construct settings it also refers to a king’s royal rule or reign, including the period or authority associated with a named king.

1. Kingdom as a ruled realm · dominant

   The noun identifies realms portrayed as succeeding one another, being strong or divided, and exercising rule: in Daniel 2:39 the APB renders the clause "another kingdom inferior to you," while Daniel 2:41 describes a kingdom that "will be divided." In Daniel 7:23 it names the fourth kingdom upon the earth, and Daniel 7:27 places "the kingdoms under all heaven" alongside the kingdom given to the holy ones.

   Daniel 2:39Daniel 2:41Daniel 2:44Daniel 5:28Daniel 7:23Daniel 7:27
2. A king’s reign or royal authority · common

   In construct forms, the noun occurs in clauses concerning a particular king's royal tenure or authority. Ezra 4:24 dates the halted work to "the second year of the royalty of Darius," and Ezra 6:15 similarly uses "the reign of Darius the king"; Daniel 5:20 speaks of a throne "of his kingdom" from which Nebuchadnezzar was deposed.

   Daniel 4:26Daniel 4:31Daniel 5:20Ezra 4:24Ezra 6:15Ezra 7:23

In the Anselm Project Bible: Across the cited clauses, the APB commonly presents the term with "kingdom," including realms that arise, are divided, or are given. In the Ezra dating clauses it instead uses "royalty" and "reign"; These renderings indicate the clauses' presentation rather than fixed English equivalents.