ka.ah describes being brought low in spirit, whether as a person’s condition or as an effect inflicted on others.

The attested verses depict being brought low in spirit: a ruler turns back after becoming so affected, a righteous person is subjected to it through false assurances, and a person of heart is described in that condition while pursued to death.

1. Being brought low in spirit · dominant

   In Daniel 11:30, the Niphal sequential perfect occurs after ships come against him and before he turns back; the APB renders the clause "he will be disheartened and will turn back." In Ezekiel 13:22, the Hiphil infinitive construct names what false assurances have done to the righteous, while Psalm 109:16 uses a Niphal participle construct for the person of heart pursued to death; the APB renders these clauses "you disheartened the righteous" and "the disheartened of heart to death."

   Daniel 11:30Ezekiel 13:22Psalm 109:16

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB uses "disheartened" for the affected ruler and person of heart, and "disheartened" for what is done to the righteous. These renderings confirm the clauses' overall presentation rather than isolate every contribution of the Hebrew form.