ge.ze.lah denotes violent wrongdoing expressed as robbery or property taken from others.

The attested use concerns violent wrongdoing in the form of robbery or taking from others: Ezekiel places it among oppression and injustice, while Isaiah refers to violence done to the afflicted.

1. Violent taking and robbery · dominant

   In Ezekiel 18:7 and Ezekiel 18:16, the singular noun occurs in clauses denying the conduct; the APB renders the surrounding clause “does not commit robbery.” Ezekiel 18:12 uses the plural amid oppression of the poor and needy, and Ezekiel 33:15 places the singular in a clause about repaying what was taken; Isaiah 3:14 uses a construct singular in the accusation that violence done to the afflicted is in the rulers' houses.

   Ezekiel 18:7Ezekiel 18:12Ezekiel 18:16Ezekiel 33:15Isaiah 3:14

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB presents the Ezekiel clauses with “robbery” or “what was taken by robbery,” while Isaiah 3:14 speaks of “the violence done to the afflicted.” These renderings confirm the verses' portrayal of harmful taking without isolating a precise English equivalent in every clause.