gur denotes quarrelling or hostile contention directed against another.

The attested uses point to quarrelling or hostile contention, most plainly where someone stirs up strife or contends against another; the psalm contexts likewise place the forms amid hostile speech, opposition, or confrontation.

1. Hostile contention against another · dominant

   In Isaiah 54:15, three Qal infinitive-absolute forms occur in the clause that the APB renders, “if anyone stirs up strife” and “whoever contends with you.” The Qal imperfect plural forms in Psalm 140:3 and Psalm 59:4 occur in hostile settings: the APB describes sharpened serpent-like speech in the former and people running to confront the speaker in the latter. The contribution of the forms in Psalm 56:7 and Hosea 7:14 is less isolated by the translation, though their clauses also stand in contexts of evil, anger, or turning aside.

   Hosea 7:14Isaiah 54:15Psalm 140:3Psalm 56:7Psalm 59:4

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB most clearly presents the conflict in Isaiah 54:15 as “stirs up strife” and “contends with you,” while Psalm 59:4 has “confront me.” In the remaining verses, the translation’s whole-verse wording does not isolate this term's specific English rendering.