to dismay
be.hal describes alarm or inner disturbance, sometimes expressed in a startled, hasty response.
The dominant attested use concerns persons, thoughts, or visions marked by alarm and disturbance; a smaller cluster occurs where a startled reaction is presented as haste or astonishment.
Senses in use
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Alarm and inward disturbance · dominant
Piel imperfect forms occur where the APB presents thoughts and visions as alarming: in Daniel 5:6 the king's thoughts alarm him, and in Daniel 7:15 and Daniel 7:28 Daniel is distressed and his visions or thoughts alarm him. The same disturbance is visible in Daniel 5:9, where the Poal participle accompanies the king's greatly alarmed state, and in Daniel 6:20, where the noun form occurs with the king's troubled voice.
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Startled haste or astonished reaction · occasional
The Hothpaal infinitive construct appears in scenes of rapid response: in Daniel 2:25 the APB renders Arioch's bringing Daniel before the king “in haste,” while in Daniel 3:24 it presents the king as astonished and rising “in haste.”
In the Anselm Project Bible: Across the verses, the APB presents the surrounding clauses with “alarmed,” “astonished,” “in haste,” and a “troubled voice.” In Daniel 4:2 and Daniel 4:16, the translation does not clearly isolate this term's contribution, so its English wording should not be treated as a direct rendering.